Qissat Shakarwati Farmad

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'''''Qissat Shakarwati Farmad''''' (alternatively '''''Qissat Shakruti Firmad<ref name=":0">O. Loth, ''Arabic Manuscripts in the Library of the India Office'' (London:Secretary of State if India, 1877), no. 1044.</ref>''''') ('''''"Tale of the Great Chera Ruler"''''') is an [[Arabic]] manuscript of anonymous authorship in [[British Library]] (India Office Records, MS. Islamic 2807d, fols. 81a-104a).<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1">Y. Friedmann, "Qissat Shakarwati Farmad: A Tradition Concerning the Introduction of Islam to Malabar", ''Israel Oriental Studies'' 5 (1975), 239-241.</ref> It is argued that the ''Qissat'' is the oldest, most detailed, and comprehensive recorded version of the famous Cheraman Perumal legend (of southern India).<ref name=":2">Prange, Sebastian R. ''Monsoon Islam: Trade and Faith on the Medieval Malabar Coast.'' Cambridge University Press, 2018. 95-98.</ref> The later versions of the legend are incorporated by Zayn al-Din in ''Tuhfat al-Mujahidin''<ref name=":1" /> and in ''Ta'rikh-i Firishta'' (Persian, 17th century CE). Varied versions of the legend can also be seen a number of medieval [[Kerala]] literary sources and Portuguese chronicles.<ref name=":2" />

As per scholar [[Yohanan Friedmann|Y. Friedmann]], the version famously narrated by Zayn al-Din was directly derived from the ''Qissat''.<ref name=":1" />

Shakarwati Farmad is an Arabic version of the medieval Indian royal title "Chakravarti Cheraman Perumal". The Chera king is also referred within the text as "al-Sultan Shakrawati".<ref name=":2" /> Unlike some of the other versions of the legend, large portions of the ''Qissat'' takes place after the king's death on Arabian coast.<ref name=":2" />

'''First mosques of Malabar according to the ''Qissat'''''<ref>Prange, Sebastian R. ''Monsoon Islam: Trade and Faith on the Medieval Malabar Coast.'' Cambridge University Press, 2018. 98.</ref>

According to the ''Qissat'', the first mosque was built by Malik ibn Dinar in Kodungallur, while the rest of the mosques were founded by Malik ibn Habib.<ref name=":2" />
[[File:פרופסור יוחנן פרידמן.jpg|thumb|[[Yohanan Friedmann|Y. Friedmann]] conducted pioneering studies on the ''Qissat'' in the mid-1970s.]]

{| class="wikitable"
|+
!Location
!Qadi
|-
|Kalankallur ([[Kodungallur]])
|Muhammad ibn Malik
|-
|Kulam ([[Kollam]])
|Hasan ibn Malik
|-
|Hili ([[Madayi]])
|'Abd al-Rahman ibn Malik
|-
|Fakanur/Makanur ([[Barkur]])
|Ibrahim ibn Malik
|-
|Manjalur ([[Mangalore]])
|Musa ibn Malik
|-
|Kanjarkut (?[[Kasaragod]])
|Malik ibn Muhammad
|-
|Jurfatan/Jirfatan ([[Kannur|Cannanore]])
|Shahab al-Din ibn 'Umar ibn Muhammad ibn Malik
|-
|Darmaftan ([[Dharmadom|Dharmadam]])
|Hussayn ibn Muhammad ibn Malik al-Madani
|-
|Fandarinah ([[Koyilandy|Panthalayani]])
|Sa'd al-Din ibn Malik al-Madani
|-
|Shaliyat ([[Chaliyam]])
|Zayn al-Din ibn Muhammad ibn Malik al-Madani
|}

== References ==

[[Category:Islam]]

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