Piotrus:
:''This article discusses the development of morality on a societal scale. For theories about the development of morality in individuals, see [[moral development]]''.
'''Moral progress''' refers to improvement in concepts such as moral beliefs and practices experienced on a [[society|societal]] scale.<ref name="Buchanan2018-46"></ref>
== Definitions ==
[[Allen Buchanan]] defined moral progress as "morally progressive changes in social practices and institutions"... movement towards some morally desirable condition or state of affairs".<ref name="Buchanan2018-46" /> [[Michele Moody-Adams]] defined local moral progress as "coming to appreciate more fully the richness and the range of applications of a particular moral concept", or developing a new one, and the spread of "practices embodying deepened understanding of justice and related moral notions".<ref name="mmma" />
Moral progress on a societal scale should not be confused with moral development in individuals, occasionally also referred to as moral progress.<ref>Liquid error: wrong number of arguments (1 for 2)</ref><br />
== Aspects ==
Moral progress in societies leads to moral progress in individual believes throughout said society.<ref name="mmma" /> Understanding morality is also not required, once governments decide to implement moral progress notions, and do so through various incentives.<ref name="mmma" /> This can lead to the faster progress in moral progress in practices than in the moral progress in believes; in other words, with external pressures, individuals and organizations may behave better not because of their inherent believes, but because of considerations of [[social expediency]] and [[enlightened self-interest]].<ref name="mmma" /> Buchanan differentiates between improvements from a moral point of view, which are caused by external factors, some possibly independent of the human motivation and agency, and genuine moral progress, however he notes that the former generally leads to the later anyway.<ref name="Buchanan2018-472"></ref>
Measurement of universal moral progress is difficult, because there is no universal consensus in regards to the final destination, nor objective standards of [[ethics]].<ref name="mmma" /><ref name="Buchanan2018-46" /> Most complex moral concepts have more than a single established definition. This makes measuring moral progress even more difficult from measuring [[human progress]] in general.<ref name="mmma"></ref> Measurement of local, more specific moral progress are easier, as it is simpler to reach consensus on local, more specific ethical issues.<ref name="mmma" />
== Types of moral progress ==
Buchanan provides a typology of moral progress:<ref name="Buchanan2018-53"></ref>
* better compliance with valid moral norms,
* better moral concepts,
* better understanding of the virtues,
* better moral motivation,
* better moral reasoning,
* proper demoralization,
* proper moralization,
* better understanding of moral standing and moral statuses,
* improvements in the understanding of the nature of morality, and
*better understanding of justice.
== Examples ==
Examples of moral progress include:
* improvement in the treatment of all individuals in the form of the [[Abolitionism|abolition of slavery]],<ref name="mmma" /><ref name="Buchanan2018-47"></ref> reduction of [[racism]] and violent crimes like [[Homicide|homicides]],<ref name="Buchanan2018-47" /> spread of [[political enfranchisement]] (right to vote), and other human rights like [[Toleration|religious tolerance]] and [[Freedom of speech|freedom of expression]],<ref name="Buchanan2018-47" /> and the abolition of many [[Cruel and unusual punishment|cruel punishments]],<ref name="Buchanan2018-47" />
**in particular, Buchanan called the modern [[human rights movement]] "the most robust instance of [moral] progress"<ref name="Buchanan2018-379"></ref>
*improvement in the treatment of women in the form of the development and spread of of [[women's rights]],<ref name="mmma" /><ref name="Buchanan2018-47" />
*improvement in the treatment of animals through the development and spread of [[animal rights]]<ref name="Buchanan2018-47" />
*progress in international relations through the emergence of international norms discouraging or prohibiting behaviors such as wars and [[colonialism]].<ref name="Buchanan2018-47" />
*
== See also ==
*[[moral development]]
*[[moral philosophy]]
*[[moral relativism]]
==References==
[[Category:Morality]]
[[Category:Progress]]
'''Moral progress''' refers to improvement in concepts such as moral beliefs and practices experienced on a [[society|societal]] scale.<ref name="Buchanan2018-46"></ref>
== Definitions ==
[[Allen Buchanan]] defined moral progress as "morally progressive changes in social practices and institutions"... movement towards some morally desirable condition or state of affairs".<ref name="Buchanan2018-46" /> [[Michele Moody-Adams]] defined local moral progress as "coming to appreciate more fully the richness and the range of applications of a particular moral concept", or developing a new one, and the spread of "practices embodying deepened understanding of justice and related moral notions".<ref name="mmma" />
Moral progress on a societal scale should not be confused with moral development in individuals, occasionally also referred to as moral progress.<ref>Liquid error: wrong number of arguments (1 for 2)</ref><br />
== Aspects ==
Moral progress in societies leads to moral progress in individual believes throughout said society.<ref name="mmma" /> Understanding morality is also not required, once governments decide to implement moral progress notions, and do so through various incentives.<ref name="mmma" /> This can lead to the faster progress in moral progress in practices than in the moral progress in believes; in other words, with external pressures, individuals and organizations may behave better not because of their inherent believes, but because of considerations of [[social expediency]] and [[enlightened self-interest]].<ref name="mmma" /> Buchanan differentiates between improvements from a moral point of view, which are caused by external factors, some possibly independent of the human motivation and agency, and genuine moral progress, however he notes that the former generally leads to the later anyway.<ref name="Buchanan2018-472"></ref>
Measurement of universal moral progress is difficult, because there is no universal consensus in regards to the final destination, nor objective standards of [[ethics]].<ref name="mmma" /><ref name="Buchanan2018-46" /> Most complex moral concepts have more than a single established definition. This makes measuring moral progress even more difficult from measuring [[human progress]] in general.<ref name="mmma"></ref> Measurement of local, more specific moral progress are easier, as it is simpler to reach consensus on local, more specific ethical issues.<ref name="mmma" />
== Types of moral progress ==
Buchanan provides a typology of moral progress:<ref name="Buchanan2018-53"></ref>
* better compliance with valid moral norms,
* better moral concepts,
* better understanding of the virtues,
* better moral motivation,
* better moral reasoning,
* proper demoralization,
* proper moralization,
* better understanding of moral standing and moral statuses,
* improvements in the understanding of the nature of morality, and
*better understanding of justice.
== Examples ==
Examples of moral progress include:
* improvement in the treatment of all individuals in the form of the [[Abolitionism|abolition of slavery]],<ref name="mmma" /><ref name="Buchanan2018-47"></ref> reduction of [[racism]] and violent crimes like [[Homicide|homicides]],<ref name="Buchanan2018-47" /> spread of [[political enfranchisement]] (right to vote), and other human rights like [[Toleration|religious tolerance]] and [[Freedom of speech|freedom of expression]],<ref name="Buchanan2018-47" /> and the abolition of many [[Cruel and unusual punishment|cruel punishments]],<ref name="Buchanan2018-47" />
**in particular, Buchanan called the modern [[human rights movement]] "the most robust instance of [moral] progress"<ref name="Buchanan2018-379"></ref>
*improvement in the treatment of women in the form of the development and spread of of [[women's rights]],<ref name="mmma" /><ref name="Buchanan2018-47" />
*improvement in the treatment of animals through the development and spread of [[animal rights]]<ref name="Buchanan2018-47" />
*progress in international relations through the emergence of international norms discouraging or prohibiting behaviors such as wars and [[colonialism]].<ref name="Buchanan2018-47" />
*
== See also ==
*[[moral development]]
*[[moral philosophy]]
*[[moral relativism]]
==References==
[[Category:Morality]]
[[Category:Progress]]
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