Srnec: Srnec moved page Wāḍiḥ al-Ṣiqlabī to Wadih al-Siqlabi
'''Wāḍiḥ al-Ṣiqlabī''' (died November 1011) was a [[Slavs|Slav]] general of the late [[Umayyads|Umayyad]] [[Caliphate of Córdoba]]. He served as governor of the [[Central March|Middle March]] and as the ''[[ḥājib]]'', effectively prime minister, of the caliphs [[Muhammad II of Córdoba|Muḥammad II]] (1010) and [[Hishām II]] (1010–1011). He played a major role in the opening of the final [[Fitna of al-Andalus|''fitna'' (civil war) of Córdoba]].
Wāḍiḥ, a Slav, was the governor of the Middle March with his capital at [[Medinaceli]] from at least the 990s. In 997, the [[Maghrāwa]] leader in Africa, [[Zīrī ibn ʿAṭīya]], renounced his allegiance to Córdoba. In response, [[Almanzor|al-Manṣūr]] dispatched Wāḍiḥ to Africa at the head of a large army in 998 to expand the Umayyad beachhead, which at the time consisted only of [[Ceuta]]. He later sent his son, [[Abd al-Malik al-Muzaffar|ʿAbd al-Malik]], to assist Wāḍiḥ. Together they defeated Zīrī, captured [[Fes|Fez]] and established an Umayyad administration over all of Morocco that lasted until the death of al-Manṣūr in 1002.
After the forced abdication of the Caliph [[Hishām II]] in February 1009, Wāḍiḥ supported the new caliph [[Muhammad II of Córdoba|Muḥammad al-Mahdī]]. When Muḥammad alienated the [[Berbers]] in the army, many withdrew from the city of [[Córdoba, Spain|Córdoba]] north towards [[Calatrava]], proclaiming as their caliph [[Sulayman ibn al-Hakam|Sulaymān ibn al-Ḥakam]]. They approached Wāḍiḥ, but were rebuffed. Count [[Sancho García of Castile]], however, accepted their offer and the combined Castilian–Berber army marched on Córdoba. After interfering with but failing to stop their advance, Wāḍiḥ retreated to Córdoba. In November 1009, the city fell. Muḥammad and Wāḍiḥ escaped to [[Toledo, Spain|Toledo]], while the Berbers installed Sulaymān as caliph.
Having failed to prevent the enthronement of Sulaymān, Wāḍiḥ sought to extricate himself from politics. He went to [[Tortosa]] and from there sent a letter to Sulaymān begging to be relieved of his post so he could go to [[Lorca, Spain|Lorca]] and devote himself to God, probably in a ''[[ribāṭ]]''. He was refused, and began working for Muḥammad's restoration. He secured the allegiance of some of the ''[[Ṣaqāliba]]'' in the east. He negotiated an alliance with the [[West Francia|Frankish]] counts [[Ramon Borrell, Count of Barcelona|Ramon Borrell of Barcelona]] and [[Ermengol I, Count of Urgell|Ermengol I of Urgell]]. Each count received 200 ''[[Gold dinar|dīnār]]''s and together they supplied 9,000 soldiers to be paid two ''dīnār''s a day. The Frankish army joined with Wāḍiḥ's at Toledo and together they marched towards Córdoba. The Berber army of Sulaymān marched out to meet them. At [[Battle of ʿAqabat al-Baqar|ʿAqabat al-Baqar]] on 22 or 31 May 1010, Wāḍiḥ and the Franks won a major victory and advanced to the capital. Wāḍiḥ was appointed ''ḥājib''. On 21 June, however, the combined army was defeated at the [[Battle of Marbella (1010)|battle of Marbella]], after which the remaining Frankish contingent left for home.
Returning to Córdoba after his defeat, Wāḍiḥ staged a ''coup d'état'' with the support of other officers who had once served al-Manṣūr. He had Muḥammad, now extremely unpopular in the capital, arrested, tried and executed on 23 June 1010. He sent his head to the Berbers and had his body thrown into a sewer. Hishām II was reinstated, and immediately re-appointed Wāḍiḥ ''ḥājib''. Unimpressed by the head of Muḥammad, Sulaymān and the Berbers [[Siege of Córdoba (1010–1013)|laid siege]] to the city. Wāḍiḥ tried sending messengers to make terms with the besiegers, but they were intercepted. He was captured by his won allies while trying to flee Córdoba in November 1011 and killed.
==Notes==
==Bibliography==
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*
*
*
*
*
==External links==
*[https://ift.tt/3s3yDYh Wadih], ''Biografías y vidas: La enciclopedia biográfica en línea''
[[Category:10th-century births]]
[[Category:1011 deaths]]
[[Category:10th-century Al-Andalus people]]
[[Category:11th-century Al-Andalus people]]
[[Category:People of the Caliphate of Córdoba]]
[[Category:Al-Andalus military personnel]]
[[Category:11th-century rulers in Al-Andalus]]
Wāḍiḥ, a Slav, was the governor of the Middle March with his capital at [[Medinaceli]] from at least the 990s. In 997, the [[Maghrāwa]] leader in Africa, [[Zīrī ibn ʿAṭīya]], renounced his allegiance to Córdoba. In response, [[Almanzor|al-Manṣūr]] dispatched Wāḍiḥ to Africa at the head of a large army in 998 to expand the Umayyad beachhead, which at the time consisted only of [[Ceuta]]. He later sent his son, [[Abd al-Malik al-Muzaffar|ʿAbd al-Malik]], to assist Wāḍiḥ. Together they defeated Zīrī, captured [[Fes|Fez]] and established an Umayyad administration over all of Morocco that lasted until the death of al-Manṣūr in 1002.
After the forced abdication of the Caliph [[Hishām II]] in February 1009, Wāḍiḥ supported the new caliph [[Muhammad II of Córdoba|Muḥammad al-Mahdī]]. When Muḥammad alienated the [[Berbers]] in the army, many withdrew from the city of [[Córdoba, Spain|Córdoba]] north towards [[Calatrava]], proclaiming as their caliph [[Sulayman ibn al-Hakam|Sulaymān ibn al-Ḥakam]]. They approached Wāḍiḥ, but were rebuffed. Count [[Sancho García of Castile]], however, accepted their offer and the combined Castilian–Berber army marched on Córdoba. After interfering with but failing to stop their advance, Wāḍiḥ retreated to Córdoba. In November 1009, the city fell. Muḥammad and Wāḍiḥ escaped to [[Toledo, Spain|Toledo]], while the Berbers installed Sulaymān as caliph.
Having failed to prevent the enthronement of Sulaymān, Wāḍiḥ sought to extricate himself from politics. He went to [[Tortosa]] and from there sent a letter to Sulaymān begging to be relieved of his post so he could go to [[Lorca, Spain|Lorca]] and devote himself to God, probably in a ''[[ribāṭ]]''. He was refused, and began working for Muḥammad's restoration. He secured the allegiance of some of the ''[[Ṣaqāliba]]'' in the east. He negotiated an alliance with the [[West Francia|Frankish]] counts [[Ramon Borrell, Count of Barcelona|Ramon Borrell of Barcelona]] and [[Ermengol I, Count of Urgell|Ermengol I of Urgell]]. Each count received 200 ''[[Gold dinar|dīnār]]''s and together they supplied 9,000 soldiers to be paid two ''dīnār''s a day. The Frankish army joined with Wāḍiḥ's at Toledo and together they marched towards Córdoba. The Berber army of Sulaymān marched out to meet them. At [[Battle of ʿAqabat al-Baqar|ʿAqabat al-Baqar]] on 22 or 31 May 1010, Wāḍiḥ and the Franks won a major victory and advanced to the capital. Wāḍiḥ was appointed ''ḥājib''. On 21 June, however, the combined army was defeated at the [[Battle of Marbella (1010)|battle of Marbella]], after which the remaining Frankish contingent left for home.
Returning to Córdoba after his defeat, Wāḍiḥ staged a ''coup d'état'' with the support of other officers who had once served al-Manṣūr. He had Muḥammad, now extremely unpopular in the capital, arrested, tried and executed on 23 June 1010. He sent his head to the Berbers and had his body thrown into a sewer. Hishām II was reinstated, and immediately re-appointed Wāḍiḥ ''ḥājib''. Unimpressed by the head of Muḥammad, Sulaymān and the Berbers [[Siege of Córdoba (1010–1013)|laid siege]] to the city. Wāḍiḥ tried sending messengers to make terms with the besiegers, but they were intercepted. He was captured by his won allies while trying to flee Córdoba in November 1011 and killed.
==Notes==
==Bibliography==
*
*
*
*
*
*
==External links==
*[https://ift.tt/3s3yDYh Wadih], ''Biografías y vidas: La enciclopedia biográfica en línea''
[[Category:10th-century births]]
[[Category:1011 deaths]]
[[Category:10th-century Al-Andalus people]]
[[Category:11th-century Al-Andalus people]]
[[Category:People of the Caliphate of Córdoba]]
[[Category:Al-Andalus military personnel]]
[[Category:11th-century rulers in Al-Andalus]]
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