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'''Lionel Salem''' (born 5 March 1937, Paris)<ref name="IAQMS">Liquid error: wrong number of arguments (given 1, expected 2)</ref> is a French [[Theoretical chemistry|theoretical chemist]], former research director at the [[French National Centre for Scientific Research]] (CNRS), retired since 1999.<ref></ref> He is a member of the [[International Academy of Quantum Molecular Science]]<ref>,</ref> which named him its annual award winner in 1975 ''for his work on photochemical processes and on chemical reaction mechanisms.''
<ref></ref>.
He has contributed to the theories of [[Intermolecular force|forces between molecules]], of [[Conjugated system|conjugated molecules]], of organic [[reaction mechanism]]s and of [[heterogeneous catalysis]]. He developed the electronic theory of [[Radical (chemistry)|diradicals]], as well as the concepts of diradical and [[Zwitterion|zwitterionic]] states.<ref name="IAQMS" />. In 1968 he described the energy change for the approach of two molecules as a function of the properties of the
[[Molecular orbital|orbitals of the two molécules]]; this approach, pursued independently by
[[Gilles Klopman]], led to the [[Klopman-Salem equation]] and the theory of [[Frontier molecular orbital theory|frontier orbitals]]<ref>Liquid error: wrong number of arguments (given 1, expected 2)</ref><ref>Liquid error: wrong number of arguments (given 1, expected 2)</ref>.
He is the author of several books on chemical subjects, including ''The Molecular Orbital Theory of Conjugated Systems'' (1966), ''The Organic Chemist's Book of Orbitals'' (with [[William L. Jorgensen]], (1973)), ''The Marvelous Molecule'' (1979) and ''Electrons in Chemical Reactions'' (1982)<ref name="IAQMS" /><ref></ref>.
===External links===
Liquid error: wrong number of arguments (given 1, expected 2)
===References===
[[Category:Theoretical chemists]]
[[Category:French chemists]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:1937 births]]
<ref></ref>.
He has contributed to the theories of [[Intermolecular force|forces between molecules]], of [[Conjugated system|conjugated molecules]], of organic [[reaction mechanism]]s and of [[heterogeneous catalysis]]. He developed the electronic theory of [[Radical (chemistry)|diradicals]], as well as the concepts of diradical and [[Zwitterion|zwitterionic]] states.<ref name="IAQMS" />. In 1968 he described the energy change for the approach of two molecules as a function of the properties of the
[[Molecular orbital|orbitals of the two molécules]]; this approach, pursued independently by
[[Gilles Klopman]], led to the [[Klopman-Salem equation]] and the theory of [[Frontier molecular orbital theory|frontier orbitals]]<ref>Liquid error: wrong number of arguments (given 1, expected 2)</ref><ref>Liquid error: wrong number of arguments (given 1, expected 2)</ref>.
He is the author of several books on chemical subjects, including ''The Molecular Orbital Theory of Conjugated Systems'' (1966), ''The Organic Chemist's Book of Orbitals'' (with [[William L. Jorgensen]], (1973)), ''The Marvelous Molecule'' (1979) and ''Electrons in Chemical Reactions'' (1982)<ref name="IAQMS" /><ref></ref>.
===External links===
Liquid error: wrong number of arguments (given 1, expected 2)
===References===
[[Category:Theoretical chemists]]
[[Category:French chemists]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:1937 births]]
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