Monday, April 26, 2021

Émile Legouis

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'''Émile Hyacinthe Legouis''' (31 October 1861 – 10 October 1937) was a French scholar of English literature and translator.

== Biography ==
Son of a haberdasher, member of a family of five children, he began his career teaching one year at the college in [[Avranches]]. He became a student at the ''[[École pratique des hautes études]]'' in 1883, he subsequently received first at the [[agrégation]] of English in 1885. He was then be appointed lecturer in English language and literature at the [[University of Lyon]]. Between 1904 and 1932, he taught English language and literature at the [[University of Paris|Sorbonne]] , first as a lecturer in 1904, then as a professor in 1906 and he obtained the chair in 1919. In 1920, he became deputy dean (''assesseur du doyen'').

He is considered to be one of the most significant French scholars of English, the founder of a French school of English studies and co-author, with [[Louis Cazamian]] (1877-1965), of a ''Histoire de la Littérature anglaise of'' which he wrote the first volume devoted to the period extending up to 1660. Over time, this work will establish itself as a reference work. He was less interested in literary theory, and instead focused, according to [[René Wellek]] (''Histoire de la Critique littéraire'', volume 3), on the interpretation and the ''Esprit du Poète'' . He was particularly interested in the poets [[William Wordsworth]] (from 1896, with a study by ''[[The Prelude]]'', in ''La Jeunesse de Wordsworth''), [[Geoffrey Chaucer]] and [[Edmund Spenser]]. In his ''Défense de la poésie française à l'usage des lecteurs anglais'' (1912) , he championed French literature which, in his opinion, was under-valued by the English. In his analyzes of English literature, he also puts forward French references, for example when he thinks he recognizes a certain French good humor in Chaucer , or in his criticism of the excessive use of lyricism in the work of Shakespeare (of which he published a selection in Paris, in 1899).

He is one of the authors and supervisor of a collective French translation of Chaucer's ''Canterbury'' Tales (1908) (which won the Prix Langlois fom the [[Académie Française|French Academy]] in 1907 and 1909) and in 1928, of an anthology of Wordsworth's poems which he translates into French.

He also collaborated with several magazines such as ''Études anglaises'', the ''Revue anglo-américaine'', the ''Revue germanique'', the ''Revue critique'', the ''Revue universitaire''.

Émile Legouis was appointed a [[Knight of the Legion of Honor]] in 1912.

Among his students were [[Caroline Spurgeon]] (1869-1942) and [[René Huchon]] (1872-1940).

== Family ==
On November 21, 1891, he married Claire Chambard, a granddaughter of the doctor, botanist and politician [[Jacques Hénon]] (1802-1872). The couple had four children among whom the eldest, Pierre (born in 1892) will become a professor at the faculty of letters of Lyon and the fourth, a girl named Henriette (born in 1897), will be like her father, associate of English and professor. in high schools for young girls She married in 1927 Georges Connes (1890-1974) also professor of English literature who will became a famous Resistance fighter, politician and brief predecessor of Canon [[Félix Kir]] as Mayor of Dijon in 1944 and 1945.

== Works ==

* ''La Jeunesse de Wordsworth'', 1896 (English translation: ''Early Life of William Wordsworth'', London, Dent, 1897 ; reprinted 1971 ([[iarchive:lajeunessedewil00legogoog|online version]]). Prix Sobrier-Arnould of the ''Académie française'' in 1897.

* ''Geoffrey Chaucer'', Paris, 1910, English translation: London, Dent, New York, Dutton, 1913, New York, Russell and Russell, 1961 ([[iarchive:geoffroychaucer00lego|online version]]). Prix Montyon of the ''Académie française'' in 1911.

* ''William Wordsworth and Annette Vallon'', 1922, Hamden (Connecticut), Archon Books, 1967 ([[iarchive:williamwordswort027658mbp|online version]]).
* ''Spenser'', London, 1923, English translation: New York, 1926 ; Norwood Editions, 1976. Prix Marcelin Guérin of the ''Académie française'' in 1924.

* ''Wordsworth in a new light'', Harvard University Press, Oxford University Press, 1923 ; Norwood Editions, 1977.
* (With Louis Cazamian) ''Histoire de la littérature anglaise'', Volume 1, 1924, English translation : ''History of English literature'', Volume 1 (''The Middle Ages and the Renascence (650-1660)''), New York, Macmillan, 1964, London, Dent, 1971.
* ''Short history of English literature'', Oxford University Press, 1934.

== References ==

* https://ift.tt/2QrG0e8

[[Category:French–English translators]]
[[Category:1861 births]]
[[Category:1937 deaths]]
[[Category:English literature academics]]
[[Category:French academics]]
[[Category:Chevaliers of the Légion d'honneur]]
[[Category:Corresponding Fellows of the British Academy]]
[[Category:University of Paris faculty]]


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