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is a [[subculture]] from [[Japan]] emerging in the mid-2010s. Aiming to break societal gender norms in fashion, the genderless subculture is centered on gender non-conforming androgynous fashion. The subculture is mostly dominated by men, who are known as .
==Characteristics==
People who are part of the genderless subculture are known as or , people dressing androgynously without conforming to societal gender norms.<ref name="id 2016-02-23">Liquid error: wrong number of arguments (given 1, expected 2)</ref><ref name="cnn 2018-01-16">Liquid error: wrong number of arguments (given 1, expected 2)</ref> The term "genderless" was coined by talent agent Takashi Marumoto to describe actor and model , one of the influential figures of the genderless subculture.<ref name="nytimes 2017-01-05">Liquid error: wrong number of arguments (given 1, expected 2)</ref> Men who are part of the subculture are described as "slim-bodied" and "cute-faced" who "dye their hair, wear make-up, flashy clothing, and cute accessories."<ref name="id 2016-02-23"/> The genderless subculture is seen as a rejection of traditional gender roles.<ref name="nytimes 2017-01-05"/> Unlike in the West, the subculture is more associated with fashion rather than sexuality and does not mean that people are trying to pass for the other gender,<ref name="id 2016-02-23"/> nor declaring themselves as gay or transgender.<ref name="cnn 2018-01-16"/><ref name="nytimes 2017-01-05"/> However, some men have stated that being part of the genderless subculture has made them more accepting of other sexualities.<ref name="nytimes 2017-01-05"/>
==History==
Historically, Japanese culture has portrayals of feminine men and masculine women in the context of rituals and theaters involving cross-dressing such as , the [[Takarazuka Revue]], and cross-dressing clubs.<ref name="cnn 2018-01-16"/> Unisex fashion for men has also been expressed through Japanese [[anime]] and [[manga]].<ref name="cnn 2018-01-16"/><ref name="nytimes 2017-01-05"/>
Modern genderless fashion originated from Harajuku, Tokyo and drew heavy influences from the androgynous styling of South Korean [[K-pop]] boy bands,<ref name="id 2016-02-23"/><ref name="cnn 2018-01-16"/> [[visual kei]],<ref name="cnn 2018-01-16"/> and fashion from the 1980s and 1990s in the United States.<ref name="cnn 2018-01-16"/> Influential figures for the genderless subculture are actor and model ;<ref name="nytimes 2017-01-05"/><ref name="japantimes 2017-09-26"/> model and media personality ;<ref name="nytimes 2017-01-05"/><ref name="japantimes 2017-09-26"/><ref>Liquid error: wrong number of arguments (given 1, expected 2)</ref> and media personality .<ref name="nytimes 2017-01-05"/><ref name="japantimes 2017-09-26"/> There are fewer genderless women in entertainment compared to genderless men, and as such, one of the only notable genderless women in media is actor and model [[Satsuki Nakayama]].<ref name="japantimes 2017-09-26">Liquid error: wrong number of arguments (given 1, expected 2)</ref> Junko Mitsuhashi, a professor of gender studies at [[Meiji University]], suggested that genderless fashion may have come about from young men who were "jealous of women because they can express themselves through fashion."<ref name="nytimes 2017-01-05"/> Most fans of genderless men are young girls.<ref name="nytimes 2017-01-05"/>
The first instance of the term "genderless men" appeared in 2015 to describe Toman.<ref>Liquid error: wrong number of arguments (given 1, expected 2)</ref><ref>Liquid error: wrong number of arguments (given 1, expected 2)</ref> By 2016, genderless fashion had been popularized through social media websites such as [[Instagram]] and [[Tumblr]].<ref name="id 2016-02-23"/><ref name="nytimes 2017-01-05"/> In 2017, En Coton, a tailoring company, opened an online service called Madam M, claiming to be the first clothing repair store for LGBT in Tokyo with options for "genderless" custom orders.<ref>Liquid error: wrong number of arguments (given 1, expected 2)</ref>
In addition to genderless people appearing in entertainment, several genderless men characters have appeared in media, such as '''' (2017)<ref>Liquid error: wrong number of arguments (given 1, expected 2)</ref> and ''[[My Androgynous Boyfriend]]'' (2018).<ref name="natalie 2018-01-06">Liquid error: wrong number of arguments (given 1, expected 2)</ref> ''[[Hugtto! PreCure]]'' (2018) gained media attention through an episode focusing Henri Wakamiya, a character with a genderless appearance; his episode arc also included the line, "Even boys can become princesses!" from protagonist Cure Yell, which led media to speculate he may become the first male Pretty Cure in the history of the franchise.<ref>Liquid error: wrong number of arguments (given 1, expected 2)</ref><ref>Liquid error: wrong number of arguments (given 1, expected 2)</ref>
==References==
===Further reading===
* Liquid error: wrong number of arguments (given 1, expected 2)
* Liquid error: wrong number of arguments (given 1, expected 2)
* Liquid error: wrong number of arguments (given 1, expected 2)
==External links==
[[Category:Fashion aesthetics]]
[[Category:History of fashion]]
[[Category:21st-century fashion]]
[[Category:Japanese fashion]]
[[Category:Japanese subcultures]]
is a [[subculture]] from [[Japan]] emerging in the mid-2010s. Aiming to break societal gender norms in fashion, the genderless subculture is centered on gender non-conforming androgynous fashion. The subculture is mostly dominated by men, who are known as .
==Characteristics==
People who are part of the genderless subculture are known as or , people dressing androgynously without conforming to societal gender norms.<ref name="id 2016-02-23">Liquid error: wrong number of arguments (given 1, expected 2)</ref><ref name="cnn 2018-01-16">Liquid error: wrong number of arguments (given 1, expected 2)</ref> The term "genderless" was coined by talent agent Takashi Marumoto to describe actor and model , one of the influential figures of the genderless subculture.<ref name="nytimes 2017-01-05">Liquid error: wrong number of arguments (given 1, expected 2)</ref> Men who are part of the subculture are described as "slim-bodied" and "cute-faced" who "dye their hair, wear make-up, flashy clothing, and cute accessories."<ref name="id 2016-02-23"/> The genderless subculture is seen as a rejection of traditional gender roles.<ref name="nytimes 2017-01-05"/> Unlike in the West, the subculture is more associated with fashion rather than sexuality and does not mean that people are trying to pass for the other gender,<ref name="id 2016-02-23"/> nor declaring themselves as gay or transgender.<ref name="cnn 2018-01-16"/><ref name="nytimes 2017-01-05"/> However, some men have stated that being part of the genderless subculture has made them more accepting of other sexualities.<ref name="nytimes 2017-01-05"/>
==History==
Historically, Japanese culture has portrayals of feminine men and masculine women in the context of rituals and theaters involving cross-dressing such as , the [[Takarazuka Revue]], and cross-dressing clubs.<ref name="cnn 2018-01-16"/> Unisex fashion for men has also been expressed through Japanese [[anime]] and [[manga]].<ref name="cnn 2018-01-16"/><ref name="nytimes 2017-01-05"/>
Modern genderless fashion originated from Harajuku, Tokyo and drew heavy influences from the androgynous styling of South Korean [[K-pop]] boy bands,<ref name="id 2016-02-23"/><ref name="cnn 2018-01-16"/> [[visual kei]],<ref name="cnn 2018-01-16"/> and fashion from the 1980s and 1990s in the United States.<ref name="cnn 2018-01-16"/> Influential figures for the genderless subculture are actor and model ;<ref name="nytimes 2017-01-05"/><ref name="japantimes 2017-09-26"/> model and media personality ;<ref name="nytimes 2017-01-05"/><ref name="japantimes 2017-09-26"/><ref>Liquid error: wrong number of arguments (given 1, expected 2)</ref> and media personality .<ref name="nytimes 2017-01-05"/><ref name="japantimes 2017-09-26"/> There are fewer genderless women in entertainment compared to genderless men, and as such, one of the only notable genderless women in media is actor and model [[Satsuki Nakayama]].<ref name="japantimes 2017-09-26">Liquid error: wrong number of arguments (given 1, expected 2)</ref> Junko Mitsuhashi, a professor of gender studies at [[Meiji University]], suggested that genderless fashion may have come about from young men who were "jealous of women because they can express themselves through fashion."<ref name="nytimes 2017-01-05"/> Most fans of genderless men are young girls.<ref name="nytimes 2017-01-05"/>
The first instance of the term "genderless men" appeared in 2015 to describe Toman.<ref>Liquid error: wrong number of arguments (given 1, expected 2)</ref><ref>Liquid error: wrong number of arguments (given 1, expected 2)</ref> By 2016, genderless fashion had been popularized through social media websites such as [[Instagram]] and [[Tumblr]].<ref name="id 2016-02-23"/><ref name="nytimes 2017-01-05"/> In 2017, En Coton, a tailoring company, opened an online service called Madam M, claiming to be the first clothing repair store for LGBT in Tokyo with options for "genderless" custom orders.<ref>Liquid error: wrong number of arguments (given 1, expected 2)</ref>
In addition to genderless people appearing in entertainment, several genderless men characters have appeared in media, such as '''' (2017)<ref>Liquid error: wrong number of arguments (given 1, expected 2)</ref> and ''[[My Androgynous Boyfriend]]'' (2018).<ref name="natalie 2018-01-06">Liquid error: wrong number of arguments (given 1, expected 2)</ref> ''[[Hugtto! PreCure]]'' (2018) gained media attention through an episode focusing Henri Wakamiya, a character with a genderless appearance; his episode arc also included the line, "Even boys can become princesses!" from protagonist Cure Yell, which led media to speculate he may become the first male Pretty Cure in the history of the franchise.<ref>Liquid error: wrong number of arguments (given 1, expected 2)</ref><ref>Liquid error: wrong number of arguments (given 1, expected 2)</ref>
==References==
===Further reading===
* Liquid error: wrong number of arguments (given 1, expected 2)
* Liquid error: wrong number of arguments (given 1, expected 2)
* Liquid error: wrong number of arguments (given 1, expected 2)
==External links==
[[Category:Fashion aesthetics]]
[[Category:History of fashion]]
[[Category:21st-century fashion]]
[[Category:Japanese fashion]]
[[Category:Japanese subcultures]]
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