Pfly: adjust dates on map caption
'''Nahwitti''' was a [[Kwakwakaʼwakw]] [[First Nation]] village and a major trading site during the [[maritime fur trade]] era of approximately 1790 to 1850. Today it is an [[Indian reserve]] under the administration of the Kwakwakaʼwakw [[Tlatlasikwala Nation]]. It is located near the northern tip of [[Vancouver Island]], at [[Cape Sutil]] on [[Queen Charlotte Sound]], near [[Hope Island (British Columbia)|Hope Island]] and the [[Nahwitti River]], east of [[Cape Scott]],<ref name=nahwitti4></ref> and not far from historic [[Fort Rupert]] and modern [[Port Hardy]].
[[File:Maritime Fur Trade-NorthWestCoast.png|thumb|right|400px|The North West Coast during the maritime fur trade era, about 1785 to 1850]]
During the early 19th century Nahwitti was the principle town of the Nahwitti First Nation. It was one of the most popular sites for [[Western world|Western]] trading vessels on the [[Pacific Northwest]] coast, and the primary point of contact with the Kwakwakaʼwakw peoples. Hundreds of trading vessels, mostly [[British people|British]] and [[Americans|American]], visited during this time, mainly seeking [[sea otter]] skins to take to [[China]], where they commanded a high price.<ref name="Malloy1998"></ref><ref name="Gibson1999">Liquid error: wrong number of arguments (given 1, expected 2)</ref>
Maritime fur traders and other early explorers spelled Nahwitti in many ways, including: Newitty, Newhitty, Newittee, Newitti, Nuwitti, Newetteo, Neuitie, Neu-wit-ties, New Whitty, New Witty, New Eity, Newettees, and others ways.<ref name="Malloy1998"/>
Among the first Westerners to visit the area was [[James Hanna (trader)|James Hanna]], who visited [[Sea Otter Cove]] in 1786, and [[James Charles Stuart Strange|James Strange]], who in 1786 explored Queen Charlotte Sound and made contact with the Kwakwakaʼwakw people on northern Vancouver Island. In 1792 [[Dionisio Alcalá Galiano]] stopped at Nahwitti during his circumnavigation of Vancouver Island. Also in 1792, [[Robert Gray (sea captain)|Robert Gray]] of the ''[[Columbia Rediviva]]'' visited and traded in the area.<ref>Liquid error: wrong number of arguments (given 1, expected 2)</ref>
According to the Boston-based trader and merchant [[William F. Sturgis]], regular American trade at Nahwitti began after a visit by captain Asa Dodge of the ''Alexander'' in 1800, who procured 600 sea otter skins at low prices.<ref name="Gibson1999"/><ref name="Malloy1998"/> In the years following, Sturgis wrote, American trading vessels collected 1,500 to 2,000 skins annually at Nahwitti. The native population of Nahwitti was able to funnel almost all the Kwakwakaʼwakw trade through their port.<ref name="Malloy1998"/> In June 1805 six American ships gathered at Nahwitti during the aftermath of an attack on the ''Atahualpa'' at [[Milbanke Sound]]. They were the ''[[Vancouver (merchant ship)|Vancouver]]'', ''[[Lydia (brig)|Lydia]]'', ''Pearl'', ''Mary'', ''[[Atahualpa (ship)|Atahualpa]]'', and ''[[Juno (merchant ship)|Juno]]''. Two months later the ''Caroline'' visited Nahwitti and purchased 330 sea otter pelts, despite the very active trading season.<ref name="Malloy1998"/> American trading vessels continued to visit Nahwitti into the 1820s. During the 1810s and early 1820s the ''[[Pedler (ship)|Pedler]]'' often wintered at Nahwitti. Other American ships that visited around 1820 include the ''Hamilton'', ''[[Rob Roy (brig)|Rob Roy]]'', ''[[Mentor (ship)|Mentor]]'', ''Frederick'', and ''Lascar''.<ref name="Malloy1998"/>
In 1850–1851 the village of Nahwitti was shelled and burned to the ground twice by the [[Royal Navy|British Navy]]. Most of the inhabitants fled to [[Bull Harbour]] on Hope Island.<ref name="Bremner2015"></ref> The Nahwitti people called their new village on Hope Island "Meloopa". Many eventually relocated again to [[Alert Bay]]. The village site on Hope Island remains an Indian reserve called "Hope Island 1".<ref></ref> Near the original village, on Cape Sutil, is a reserve called "Nahwitti 4".<ref name=nahwitti4/>
==See also==
* [[List of Indian reserves in British Columbia]]
* [[List of Kwakwakaʼwakw villages]]
* [[List of historical ships in British Columbia]]
==References==
==External links==
*
*
*
*
*
[[Category:Fur trade]]
[[Category:First Nations history in British Columbia]]
[[Category:History of the Pacific Northwest]]
[[Category:History of Vancouver Island]]
[[Category:Indian reserves in British Columbia]]
[[Category:Kwakwaka'wakw]]
[[Category:Northern Vancouver Island]]
[[File:Maritime Fur Trade-NorthWestCoast.png|thumb|right|400px|The North West Coast during the maritime fur trade era, about 1785 to 1850]]
During the early 19th century Nahwitti was the principle town of the Nahwitti First Nation. It was one of the most popular sites for [[Western world|Western]] trading vessels on the [[Pacific Northwest]] coast, and the primary point of contact with the Kwakwakaʼwakw peoples. Hundreds of trading vessels, mostly [[British people|British]] and [[Americans|American]], visited during this time, mainly seeking [[sea otter]] skins to take to [[China]], where they commanded a high price.<ref name="Malloy1998"></ref><ref name="Gibson1999">Liquid error: wrong number of arguments (given 1, expected 2)</ref>
Maritime fur traders and other early explorers spelled Nahwitti in many ways, including: Newitty, Newhitty, Newittee, Newitti, Nuwitti, Newetteo, Neuitie, Neu-wit-ties, New Whitty, New Witty, New Eity, Newettees, and others ways.<ref name="Malloy1998"/>
Among the first Westerners to visit the area was [[James Hanna (trader)|James Hanna]], who visited [[Sea Otter Cove]] in 1786, and [[James Charles Stuart Strange|James Strange]], who in 1786 explored Queen Charlotte Sound and made contact with the Kwakwakaʼwakw people on northern Vancouver Island. In 1792 [[Dionisio Alcalá Galiano]] stopped at Nahwitti during his circumnavigation of Vancouver Island. Also in 1792, [[Robert Gray (sea captain)|Robert Gray]] of the ''[[Columbia Rediviva]]'' visited and traded in the area.<ref>Liquid error: wrong number of arguments (given 1, expected 2)</ref>
According to the Boston-based trader and merchant [[William F. Sturgis]], regular American trade at Nahwitti began after a visit by captain Asa Dodge of the ''Alexander'' in 1800, who procured 600 sea otter skins at low prices.<ref name="Gibson1999"/><ref name="Malloy1998"/> In the years following, Sturgis wrote, American trading vessels collected 1,500 to 2,000 skins annually at Nahwitti. The native population of Nahwitti was able to funnel almost all the Kwakwakaʼwakw trade through their port.<ref name="Malloy1998"/> In June 1805 six American ships gathered at Nahwitti during the aftermath of an attack on the ''Atahualpa'' at [[Milbanke Sound]]. They were the ''[[Vancouver (merchant ship)|Vancouver]]'', ''[[Lydia (brig)|Lydia]]'', ''Pearl'', ''Mary'', ''[[Atahualpa (ship)|Atahualpa]]'', and ''[[Juno (merchant ship)|Juno]]''. Two months later the ''Caroline'' visited Nahwitti and purchased 330 sea otter pelts, despite the very active trading season.<ref name="Malloy1998"/> American trading vessels continued to visit Nahwitti into the 1820s. During the 1810s and early 1820s the ''[[Pedler (ship)|Pedler]]'' often wintered at Nahwitti. Other American ships that visited around 1820 include the ''Hamilton'', ''[[Rob Roy (brig)|Rob Roy]]'', ''[[Mentor (ship)|Mentor]]'', ''Frederick'', and ''Lascar''.<ref name="Malloy1998"/>
In 1850–1851 the village of Nahwitti was shelled and burned to the ground twice by the [[Royal Navy|British Navy]]. Most of the inhabitants fled to [[Bull Harbour]] on Hope Island.<ref name="Bremner2015"></ref> The Nahwitti people called their new village on Hope Island "Meloopa". Many eventually relocated again to [[Alert Bay]]. The village site on Hope Island remains an Indian reserve called "Hope Island 1".<ref></ref> Near the original village, on Cape Sutil, is a reserve called "Nahwitti 4".<ref name=nahwitti4/>
==See also==
* [[List of Indian reserves in British Columbia]]
* [[List of Kwakwakaʼwakw villages]]
* [[List of historical ships in British Columbia]]
==References==
==External links==
*
*
*
*
*
[[Category:Fur trade]]
[[Category:First Nations history in British Columbia]]
[[Category:History of the Pacific Northwest]]
[[Category:History of Vancouver Island]]
[[Category:Indian reserves in British Columbia]]
[[Category:Kwakwaka'wakw]]
[[Category:Northern Vancouver Island]]
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