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'''Gnaeus Octavius''' (died 162 BC) was a Roman politician and general who served as [[Roman consul|consul]] in 165 BC and was the builder of the [[Porticus Octavia]].
== Family ==
Octavius was from the [[plebeian]] [[gens]] [[Octavia gens|Octavia]] and was the first member of the gens to be elected consul. His father also had the [[praenomen]] Gnaeus and was a praetor in 205 BC who fought in the [[Second Punic War]]. His grandfather, Gnaeus Octavius Rufus was quaestor 230 BC.
== Career ==
=== Ambassadorship in Greece ===
In the winter of 170 BC, Octavius and [[Gaius Popillius Laenas]] served as ambassadors in Greece under [[Aulus Hostilius Mancinus]], where they enforced a decree by the [[Roman Senate|Senate]] asserting the Senate's control over Roman magistrates stationed in Greece. At [[Aegium]], the ambassadors spoke with the [[Achaea (ancient region)|Achaeans]], assuring that the Romans were on good terms with them. However, on entering [[Aetolia]], they were not as well-received and demanded hostages. Lastly, they then went to [[Thyrium]] in [[Acarnania]] without having settled the disputes in Aetolia. There, they heard from opposing groups of Acarnanians who were debating war with the Macedonians.<ref>[[Livy]], [[Ab Urbe Condita Libri|''Ab Urbe Condita'']] 43.17</ref>
=== Campaign in Macedonia ===
Octavius served as praetor in 168 BC and was given control of the Roman fleet in the [[Third Macedonian War]].<ref>Livy, ''Ab Urbe Condita'' 44.17</ref> After the consul [[Lucius Aemilius Paullus Macedonicus]] defeated [[Perseus of Macedon|Perseus]] at [[Battle of Pydna|Pydna]], Octavius took the Roman fleet to [[Samothrace]] in pursuit of Perseus. Perseus surrendered himself to Octavius and was brought to Macedonicus at [[Amphipolis]].<ref>Livy, ''Ab Urbe Condita'' 45.5-6</ref> The next year, 167, Octavius transported the spoils from the Macedonian War and received a [[Roman Triumph|triumph]].<ref>Livy, ''Ab Urbe Condita'' 45.33-35</ref> Using the spoils from war, Octavius built a house on the [[Palatine Hill]], increasing his status in Rome and ultimately acting as a factor in his being elected consul alongside [[Titus Manlius Torquatus (consul 165 BC)|Titus Manlius Torquatus]] in 165 BC. It was at this time that Octavius also built the extravagant [[Porticus Octavia]], which was restored by [[Augustus]] but was destroyed sometime before the time of [[Pliny the Elder]]<ref>[[Cicero]], ''[[De Officiis]]'' 1.39</ref><ref>Liquid error: wrong number of arguments (given 2, expected 1)</ref><ref></ref>
=== Ambassadorship in Syria ===
In 162 BC, Octavius was sent as an ambassador to Syria with two colleagues, Spurius Lucretius and Lucius Aurelius, with the purpose of enforcing the terms of peace agreed upon by [[Antiochus III the Great]] amidst the chaos between those vying for the guardianship of the young king [[Antiochus V Eupator]].<ref>[[Polybius]], ''[[The Histories (Polybius)|The Histories]]'' 31.12</ref> It was during this assignment that Octavius was assassinated at the [[Gymnasium (ancient Greece)|Gymnasium]] at [[Laodicea in Syria|Laodicea]] by the Syrian Leptines.<ref>Polybius, ''The Histories'' 31.18</ref>
== References ==
[[Category:Roman Republican consuls]]
[[Category:Octavii]]
[[Category:162 BC deaths]]
== Family ==
Octavius was from the [[plebeian]] [[gens]] [[Octavia gens|Octavia]] and was the first member of the gens to be elected consul. His father also had the [[praenomen]] Gnaeus and was a praetor in 205 BC who fought in the [[Second Punic War]]. His grandfather, Gnaeus Octavius Rufus was quaestor 230 BC.
== Career ==
=== Ambassadorship in Greece ===
In the winter of 170 BC, Octavius and [[Gaius Popillius Laenas]] served as ambassadors in Greece under [[Aulus Hostilius Mancinus]], where they enforced a decree by the [[Roman Senate|Senate]] asserting the Senate's control over Roman magistrates stationed in Greece. At [[Aegium]], the ambassadors spoke with the [[Achaea (ancient region)|Achaeans]], assuring that the Romans were on good terms with them. However, on entering [[Aetolia]], they were not as well-received and demanded hostages. Lastly, they then went to [[Thyrium]] in [[Acarnania]] without having settled the disputes in Aetolia. There, they heard from opposing groups of Acarnanians who were debating war with the Macedonians.<ref>[[Livy]], [[Ab Urbe Condita Libri|''Ab Urbe Condita'']] 43.17</ref>
=== Campaign in Macedonia ===
Octavius served as praetor in 168 BC and was given control of the Roman fleet in the [[Third Macedonian War]].<ref>Livy, ''Ab Urbe Condita'' 44.17</ref> After the consul [[Lucius Aemilius Paullus Macedonicus]] defeated [[Perseus of Macedon|Perseus]] at [[Battle of Pydna|Pydna]], Octavius took the Roman fleet to [[Samothrace]] in pursuit of Perseus. Perseus surrendered himself to Octavius and was brought to Macedonicus at [[Amphipolis]].<ref>Livy, ''Ab Urbe Condita'' 45.5-6</ref> The next year, 167, Octavius transported the spoils from the Macedonian War and received a [[Roman Triumph|triumph]].<ref>Livy, ''Ab Urbe Condita'' 45.33-35</ref> Using the spoils from war, Octavius built a house on the [[Palatine Hill]], increasing his status in Rome and ultimately acting as a factor in his being elected consul alongside [[Titus Manlius Torquatus (consul 165 BC)|Titus Manlius Torquatus]] in 165 BC. It was at this time that Octavius also built the extravagant [[Porticus Octavia]], which was restored by [[Augustus]] but was destroyed sometime before the time of [[Pliny the Elder]]<ref>[[Cicero]], ''[[De Officiis]]'' 1.39</ref><ref>Liquid error: wrong number of arguments (given 2, expected 1)</ref><ref></ref>
=== Ambassadorship in Syria ===
In 162 BC, Octavius was sent as an ambassador to Syria with two colleagues, Spurius Lucretius and Lucius Aurelius, with the purpose of enforcing the terms of peace agreed upon by [[Antiochus III the Great]] amidst the chaos between those vying for the guardianship of the young king [[Antiochus V Eupator]].<ref>[[Polybius]], ''[[The Histories (Polybius)|The Histories]]'' 31.12</ref> It was during this assignment that Octavius was assassinated at the [[Gymnasium (ancient Greece)|Gymnasium]] at [[Laodicea in Syria|Laodicea]] by the Syrian Leptines.<ref>Polybius, ''The Histories'' 31.18</ref>
== References ==
[[Category:Roman Republican consuls]]
[[Category:Octavii]]
[[Category:162 BC deaths]]
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