19thPharaoh:
'''Donald Sutherland Garvie''' (3 June 1873 - 22 October 1912) was a pioneer [[White people in Kenya|European]] settler in [[Kenya]]. In 1909 he opened Garvie's Bioscope in [[Nairobi]], the first movie theatre in Kenya.<ref name="auto2">Christine Stephanie Nicholls, Red Strangers: The White Tribe of Kenya, Timewell Press, 2005</ref>
==Early life==
Garvie was born in [[Edinburgh]], [[Scotland]] and moved to [[South Africa]] in 1883 with his parents and two brothers.<ref name="auto1">Brian M. Du Toit, The Boers in East Africa: Ethnicity and Identity, Greenwood Publishing Group, 1998</ref> In the mid 1890s he travelled around [[Southern Africa|Southern]] and [[Central Africa]].<ref name="auto1">Brian M. Du Toit, The Boers in East Africa: Ethnicity and Identity, Greenwood Publishing Group, 1998</ref> During the [[Boer War]] he took part in the [[Siege of Kimberley]]. Thereafter he married Nellie Steyn, an [[Afrikaner]] and relation of [[Martinus Theunis Steyn]], then President of the [[Orange Free State]].<ref name="auto1">Brian M. Du Toit, The Boers in East Africa: Ethnicity and Identity, Greenwood Publishing Group, 1998</ref>
==Kenya==
In 1902, Garvie, his wife and his wife's younger brother moved to the [[East Africa Protectorate]]. They were amongst the first settlers from South Africa, and travelled inland to settle amongst the [[Nandi people|Nandi tribe]]. Their home was approximately four miles from the British fort at [[Kaptumo]] and in April 1904, [[Richard Meinertzhagen]] noted that the only European settlers in Nandi country were two Boer families, the Garvie and Steyn, and that they lived in filthy grass huts with no attempts made to make them comfortable, sanitary or waterproof.<ref name="auto1">Brian M. Du Toit, The Boers in East Africa: Ethnicity and Identity, Greenwood Publishing Group, 1998</ref> Meinertzhagen also remarked how they had taken no steps to protect themselves from attack and seemed terrified of the local Nandi people. When Nellie gave birth to their first child in February 1905, the Nandi chief was so taken at seeing a white woman with long golden hair and a small white baby that he told them no harm would come to them.<ref name="auto1">Brian M. Du Toit, The Boers in East Africa: Ethnicity and Identity, Greenwood Publishing Group, 1998</ref>
Following a peace treaty between the Protectorate government and the Nandi tribe in December 1905, Garvie received a land grant of just over 20,000 acres on territory formerly belonging to the Nandi.<ref name="auto1">Brian M. Du Toit, The Boers in East Africa: Ethnicity and Identity, Greenwood Publishing Group, 1998</ref> Garvie later sold his land to his brother John and moved to [[Nairobi]] where he opened a boardinghouse. In 1907 he co-founded ''The Advertiser of East Africa'', a subsidiary of [[The Standard (Kenya)|The East African Standard]] and remained its editor until 1909.<ref name="auto3">Durrani, Shiraz, Never Be Silent: Publishing and Imperialism 1884-1963, Vita Books, 25 Nov 2016</ref> The Advertiser was the official advertiser of Nairobi. In 1908, when his house on Victoria Street was burgled, he launched a campaign in the paper criticising the state of policing in Nairobi.<ref>Charles Hayes, Stima: an informal history of EAP&L, East African Power and Lighting Co., 1983, p.77</ref> In 1909, he opened the first movie theatre in Kenya on [[Moi Avenue (Nairobi)|Government Road]].<ref name="auto2">Christine Stephanie Nicholls, Red Strangers: The White Tribe of Kenya, Timewell Press, 2005</ref>
==Death==
Garvie passed away in Nairobi on 22 October aged 39. His wife Nellie later moved to [[Kent]], [[England]] where she died in 1979 aged 94.
==References==
[[Category:1873 births]]
[[Category:1912 deaths]]
[[Category:British Kenya people]]
[[Category:Settlers of Kenya]]
[[Category:White Kenyan people]]
==Early life==
Garvie was born in [[Edinburgh]], [[Scotland]] and moved to [[South Africa]] in 1883 with his parents and two brothers.<ref name="auto1">Brian M. Du Toit, The Boers in East Africa: Ethnicity and Identity, Greenwood Publishing Group, 1998</ref> In the mid 1890s he travelled around [[Southern Africa|Southern]] and [[Central Africa]].<ref name="auto1">Brian M. Du Toit, The Boers in East Africa: Ethnicity and Identity, Greenwood Publishing Group, 1998</ref> During the [[Boer War]] he took part in the [[Siege of Kimberley]]. Thereafter he married Nellie Steyn, an [[Afrikaner]] and relation of [[Martinus Theunis Steyn]], then President of the [[Orange Free State]].<ref name="auto1">Brian M. Du Toit, The Boers in East Africa: Ethnicity and Identity, Greenwood Publishing Group, 1998</ref>
==Kenya==
In 1902, Garvie, his wife and his wife's younger brother moved to the [[East Africa Protectorate]]. They were amongst the first settlers from South Africa, and travelled inland to settle amongst the [[Nandi people|Nandi tribe]]. Their home was approximately four miles from the British fort at [[Kaptumo]] and in April 1904, [[Richard Meinertzhagen]] noted that the only European settlers in Nandi country were two Boer families, the Garvie and Steyn, and that they lived in filthy grass huts with no attempts made to make them comfortable, sanitary or waterproof.<ref name="auto1">Brian M. Du Toit, The Boers in East Africa: Ethnicity and Identity, Greenwood Publishing Group, 1998</ref> Meinertzhagen also remarked how they had taken no steps to protect themselves from attack and seemed terrified of the local Nandi people. When Nellie gave birth to their first child in February 1905, the Nandi chief was so taken at seeing a white woman with long golden hair and a small white baby that he told them no harm would come to them.<ref name="auto1">Brian M. Du Toit, The Boers in East Africa: Ethnicity and Identity, Greenwood Publishing Group, 1998</ref>
Following a peace treaty between the Protectorate government and the Nandi tribe in December 1905, Garvie received a land grant of just over 20,000 acres on territory formerly belonging to the Nandi.<ref name="auto1">Brian M. Du Toit, The Boers in East Africa: Ethnicity and Identity, Greenwood Publishing Group, 1998</ref> Garvie later sold his land to his brother John and moved to [[Nairobi]] where he opened a boardinghouse. In 1907 he co-founded ''The Advertiser of East Africa'', a subsidiary of [[The Standard (Kenya)|The East African Standard]] and remained its editor until 1909.<ref name="auto3">Durrani, Shiraz, Never Be Silent: Publishing and Imperialism 1884-1963, Vita Books, 25 Nov 2016</ref> The Advertiser was the official advertiser of Nairobi. In 1908, when his house on Victoria Street was burgled, he launched a campaign in the paper criticising the state of policing in Nairobi.<ref>Charles Hayes, Stima: an informal history of EAP&L, East African Power and Lighting Co., 1983, p.77</ref> In 1909, he opened the first movie theatre in Kenya on [[Moi Avenue (Nairobi)|Government Road]].<ref name="auto2">Christine Stephanie Nicholls, Red Strangers: The White Tribe of Kenya, Timewell Press, 2005</ref>
==Death==
Garvie passed away in Nairobi on 22 October aged 39. His wife Nellie later moved to [[Kent]], [[England]] where she died in 1979 aged 94.
==References==
[[Category:1873 births]]
[[Category:1912 deaths]]
[[Category:British Kenya people]]
[[Category:Settlers of Kenya]]
[[Category:White Kenyan people]]
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