Sietecolores:
'''Martín Olleta''' was a [[Chono]] cheftain who was an important broker between Spanish authorities in [[Chiloé Archipelago]] and indigenous people of the [[fjords and channels of Chile|fjords and channels of Patagonia]]. He is known for rescuing the survivors of the [[HMS Wager (1739)|HMS ''Wager'']] wreckage in 1742.<ref name=Urbina2016>Liquid error: wrong number of arguments (given 1, expected 2)</ref> He was identified as chieftain by the British and referred to as "gobernadorcillo de dicha nación chonos" ("little governor of the Chono nation") by the Spanish [[Governorate of Chiloé|governor of Chiloé]].<ref name=Urbina2016/> He used a [[Staff of office|rod]] with a silver handle as symbol of authority.<ref name=Urbina2016/>
==Rescue of HMS ''Wager'' survivors==
Olleta led a party of indigenous Chono that visited Captain Cheap stranded group in [[Wager Island]], [[Guayaneco Archipelago]]. This happened fifteen days after a group of British sailors returned to Wager Island after failing to round [[Taitao Peninsula]] with an improvised barge.<ref name=urbinaburgos2007></ref> The Spanish proficency of the Chonos led by Martín Olleta was enough to communicate with the Spanish-speaking surgeon of the British party.<ref name=Urbina2016/> After some negotiation the Chono agreed to guide Cheap's group to a small Spanish settlement up the coast, using an overland route to avoid the peninsula. The castaways traded the barge and iron objects for the journey. [[Iron]] was highly valued by the Chono as this metal was even scarce in the Spanish settlements further north.<ref name=Urbina2016/> The survivors of HMS ''Wager'' boarded the [[dalca]]s of Olleta's party and headed north.<ref name=Urbina2016/> Martín Olleta led the surviros trough an unusual route across [[Presidente Ríos Lake]] in [[Taitao Peninsula]] avoiding the common route through [[San Tadeo River]] and [[San Rafael Lake]].<ref name=Alvarezetal2015>Liquid error: wrong number of arguments (given 1, expected 2)</ref><ref name=VasquezRicardo>Liquid error: wrong number of arguments (given 1, expected 2)</ref> Before handing over the English to Spanish authorities Martín Olleta's party stopped somewhere south of [[Chiloé Island]] to hide all iron objects, likely to avoid have them confiscated.<ref name=Urbina2016/> When Spanish authorities learned that Leutenant Hamilton had been lost in the way north he compelled Olleta to go back south and find him which he actually did.<ref name=Urbina2016/>
Scholar Ximena Urbina conjectures that Martín Olleta must have lived close to the Spanish and heard from other natives of the wreckage. Thus the rescue was not by chance but an enterprise done with prior knowledge of the Spanish interest in foreigners and of the valuable loot to be found at the wreckage.<ref name=Urbina2016/>
==References==
[[Category:Chono people]]
[[Category:18th century in Chile]]
[[Category:History of Aysén Region]]
[[Category:History of Chiloé]]
[[Category:People from Aysén Region]]
[[Category:18th-century indigenous people of the Americas]]
[[Category:Chilean sailors]]
==Rescue of HMS ''Wager'' survivors==
Olleta led a party of indigenous Chono that visited Captain Cheap stranded group in [[Wager Island]], [[Guayaneco Archipelago]]. This happened fifteen days after a group of British sailors returned to Wager Island after failing to round [[Taitao Peninsula]] with an improvised barge.<ref name=urbinaburgos2007></ref> The Spanish proficency of the Chonos led by Martín Olleta was enough to communicate with the Spanish-speaking surgeon of the British party.<ref name=Urbina2016/> After some negotiation the Chono agreed to guide Cheap's group to a small Spanish settlement up the coast, using an overland route to avoid the peninsula. The castaways traded the barge and iron objects for the journey. [[Iron]] was highly valued by the Chono as this metal was even scarce in the Spanish settlements further north.<ref name=Urbina2016/> The survivors of HMS ''Wager'' boarded the [[dalca]]s of Olleta's party and headed north.<ref name=Urbina2016/> Martín Olleta led the surviros trough an unusual route across [[Presidente Ríos Lake]] in [[Taitao Peninsula]] avoiding the common route through [[San Tadeo River]] and [[San Rafael Lake]].<ref name=Alvarezetal2015>Liquid error: wrong number of arguments (given 1, expected 2)</ref><ref name=VasquezRicardo>Liquid error: wrong number of arguments (given 1, expected 2)</ref> Before handing over the English to Spanish authorities Martín Olleta's party stopped somewhere south of [[Chiloé Island]] to hide all iron objects, likely to avoid have them confiscated.<ref name=Urbina2016/> When Spanish authorities learned that Leutenant Hamilton had been lost in the way north he compelled Olleta to go back south and find him which he actually did.<ref name=Urbina2016/>
Scholar Ximena Urbina conjectures that Martín Olleta must have lived close to the Spanish and heard from other natives of the wreckage. Thus the rescue was not by chance but an enterprise done with prior knowledge of the Spanish interest in foreigners and of the valuable loot to be found at the wreckage.<ref name=Urbina2016/>
==References==
[[Category:Chono people]]
[[Category:18th century in Chile]]
[[Category:History of Aysén Region]]
[[Category:History of Chiloé]]
[[Category:People from Aysén Region]]
[[Category:18th-century indigenous people of the Americas]]
[[Category:Chilean sailors]]
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