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'''Robert Cook''' (also known as '''Robert Cooke''')<ref>[https://ift.tt/2Oa1jfw "Cooke Cook, Robert called Linen Cooke"]. Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. Retrieved January 30, 2020.</ref> (1646-1726) was an Irish [[Eccentricity (behavior)|eccentric]] farmer and early [[veganism]] activist.
==Biography==
Cook was wealthy [[merchant]] and worked as a woollen manufacturer in [[Wexford]].<ref name="Coke 1697">Coke, Roger. (1697). [https://ift.tt/37zlzix ''A Detection of the Court and State of England During the Four Last Reigns'']. Bell. p. 664</ref> Cook was generous and only had poor married people and their children work for him. He corresponded with merchants in [[Holland]] for woollen cloths and earned a fortune.<ref name="Coke 1697"/> He fled to [[Ipswich]] during the troubles in the reign of [[James II of England|James II]].<ref name="Cooper 1887">Cooper, Thompson. (1887). [https://ift.tt/2GyLpHx ''Cook, Robert (1646?-1726?)'']. In ''[[Dictionary of National Biography]], 1885-1900, Volume 12''. p. 74</ref> The parliament in [[Dublin]] on May 7, 1689 declared him to be attainted as a traitor if he failed to return to Ireland by 1 September.<ref name="Cooper 1887"/> However, after William's victory at the [[Battle of the Boyne]] in 1690, the threat was dismissed.<ref> O'Sullivan, Melanie; McCarthy, Kevin M. (1999). ''Cappoquin: A Walk Through History''. Cappoquin Development Company. p. 102</ref> Cook resided in Ipswich and [[Bristol]], 1688-1692.<ref>Lee, Sidney. (1906). [https://ift.tt/3aTPkN1 ''Dictionary of National Biography'']. New York: The Macmillan Company. p. 273</ref>
Cook returned to Ireland in the early 1690s and became a vegan. In 1697, author Roger Coke noted that Cook was "a more rigid Pythagorean than any (I think) of the ancients, for he will not drink any thing but water, nor eat any thing which has sensitive life."<ref name="Coke 1697"/> Cook lived on a farm in [[Cappoquin]], County Waterford and was influenced by [[Pythagoras]]. He was a strict [[Vegetarianism|vegetarian]] (later termed vegan) who did not eat or wear anything of animal origin.<ref name="Somerville-Large 1975">Somerville-Large, Peter. (1975). ''Irish Eccentrics: A Selection''. Hamish Hamilton. p. 12</ref> He opposed the consumption of meat, dairy and eggs. Historian Charles Smith commented that Cook "for many years before he died, neither ate fish, flesh, milk, butter, &c. nor drank any kind of fermented liquor, nor wore woollen clothes, or any other produce of an animal, but linen."<ref>Smith, Charles. (1774). [https://ift.tt/2U86TTN ''The Ancient and Present State of the County and City of Waterford'']. Dublin. p. 371</ref><ref name="Wilson 1913">Wilson, Charles Henry. (1813). [https://ift.tt/2S1wuLh ''Anecdotes of Eminent Persons, Volume 2]''. pp. 196-200</ref>
Cook managed his farm by a "Phagorian Philosophy" and all the animals were white, including the horses. He refused to have any black cattle on his farm.<ref name="Somerville-Large 1975"/><ref>Shaw, Karl. (2004). ''Book of Oddballs and Eccentrics''. Book Sales. p. 411</ref> He became known as "Linen Cook" because he wore only white linen clothes.<ref name="Somerville-Large 1975"/> He refused leather and wool as he objected to their animal origins.<ref name="Bohan 2010">Bohan, Rob. (2010). [https://ift.tt/2U9vQOK ''Irish Lives'']. ''[[The Irish Times]]''. Retrieved January 30, 2020.</ref> Cook identified as a [[Protestantism|Protestant]].<ref name="Madden 1847">Madden, R. R. (1847). [https://ift.tt/2uIe2iP ''Some notices of the Irish mesmerists of the seventeenth century Greatrakes, Cook and Finaghty'']. ''[[Irish Journal of Medical Science|Dublin Quarterly Journal of Medical Science]]'' 4: 254–272.</ref> On one occasion when a fox was caught attacking his chickens, Cook prevented his servants from killing it. He gave the fox a lecture on the Fifth Commandment ([[Thou shalt not kill]]) and sent it on its way.<ref>Leyland, Simon. (2019). ''Robert Cook (1646-1726)''. In ''The Men Who Stare at Hens: Great Irish Eccentrics, from WB Yeats to Brendan Behan''. The History Press. ISBN 978-0750989275</ref> Cook married twice. His first wife was from Bristol and he had pile of stones erected on a rock in the [[Bristol Channel]], known as Cook's Folly.<ref name="Bohan 2010"/> He had three sons and two daughters with his second wife, Cecilia.<ref name="Bohan 2010"/>
Cook's diet consisted of [[Legume|pulses]] such as [[Maize|corn]], vegetables and water.<ref name="Wilson 1913"/> In 1691, Cook published a paper in defence of the "Pythagorean" regime supported by verses from the Bible, refusing to eat any food which came from an animal.<ref name="Wilson 1913"/><ref>Thomas, Keith Vivian. (1983). ''Man and the Natural World: A History of the Modern Sensibility''. New York: Pantheon Books. p. 291. ISBN 0-394-49945-X</ref> The ideas in his paper were criticized by the [[Athenian Society]].<ref name="Cooper 1887"/><ref name="Madden 1847"/>
==See also==
*[[Roger Crab]]
==References==
==Further reading==
*[[Bernard Burke]]. (1849). [https://ift.tt/3aTxIRv ''Robert Cooke, ESQ, Called "Linen Cooke"'']. In ''Anecdotes of the Aristocracy, Volume 1''. London: Henry Colburn.
*[https://ift.tt/2S0ueE7 ''Extracts from the Portfolio of a Man of Letters'']. In ''The Monthly Magazine'', 1811.
[[Category:1646 births]]
[[Category:1726 deaths]]
[[Category:Irish farmers]]
[[Category:Irish merchants]]
[[Category:Irish Protestants]]
[[Category:Veganism activists]]
==Biography==
Cook was wealthy [[merchant]] and worked as a woollen manufacturer in [[Wexford]].<ref name="Coke 1697">Coke, Roger. (1697). [https://ift.tt/37zlzix ''A Detection of the Court and State of England During the Four Last Reigns'']. Bell. p. 664</ref> Cook was generous and only had poor married people and their children work for him. He corresponded with merchants in [[Holland]] for woollen cloths and earned a fortune.<ref name="Coke 1697"/> He fled to [[Ipswich]] during the troubles in the reign of [[James II of England|James II]].<ref name="Cooper 1887">Cooper, Thompson. (1887). [https://ift.tt/2GyLpHx ''Cook, Robert (1646?-1726?)'']. In ''[[Dictionary of National Biography]], 1885-1900, Volume 12''. p. 74</ref> The parliament in [[Dublin]] on May 7, 1689 declared him to be attainted as a traitor if he failed to return to Ireland by 1 September.<ref name="Cooper 1887"/> However, after William's victory at the [[Battle of the Boyne]] in 1690, the threat was dismissed.<ref> O'Sullivan, Melanie; McCarthy, Kevin M. (1999). ''Cappoquin: A Walk Through History''. Cappoquin Development Company. p. 102</ref> Cook resided in Ipswich and [[Bristol]], 1688-1692.<ref>Lee, Sidney. (1906). [https://ift.tt/3aTPkN1 ''Dictionary of National Biography'']. New York: The Macmillan Company. p. 273</ref>
Cook returned to Ireland in the early 1690s and became a vegan. In 1697, author Roger Coke noted that Cook was "a more rigid Pythagorean than any (I think) of the ancients, for he will not drink any thing but water, nor eat any thing which has sensitive life."<ref name="Coke 1697"/> Cook lived on a farm in [[Cappoquin]], County Waterford and was influenced by [[Pythagoras]]. He was a strict [[Vegetarianism|vegetarian]] (later termed vegan) who did not eat or wear anything of animal origin.<ref name="Somerville-Large 1975">Somerville-Large, Peter. (1975). ''Irish Eccentrics: A Selection''. Hamish Hamilton. p. 12</ref> He opposed the consumption of meat, dairy and eggs. Historian Charles Smith commented that Cook "for many years before he died, neither ate fish, flesh, milk, butter, &c. nor drank any kind of fermented liquor, nor wore woollen clothes, or any other produce of an animal, but linen."<ref>Smith, Charles. (1774). [https://ift.tt/2U86TTN ''The Ancient and Present State of the County and City of Waterford'']. Dublin. p. 371</ref><ref name="Wilson 1913">Wilson, Charles Henry. (1813). [https://ift.tt/2S1wuLh ''Anecdotes of Eminent Persons, Volume 2]''. pp. 196-200</ref>
Cook managed his farm by a "Phagorian Philosophy" and all the animals were white, including the horses. He refused to have any black cattle on his farm.<ref name="Somerville-Large 1975"/><ref>Shaw, Karl. (2004). ''Book of Oddballs and Eccentrics''. Book Sales. p. 411</ref> He became known as "Linen Cook" because he wore only white linen clothes.<ref name="Somerville-Large 1975"/> He refused leather and wool as he objected to their animal origins.<ref name="Bohan 2010">Bohan, Rob. (2010). [https://ift.tt/2U9vQOK ''Irish Lives'']. ''[[The Irish Times]]''. Retrieved January 30, 2020.</ref> Cook identified as a [[Protestantism|Protestant]].<ref name="Madden 1847">Madden, R. R. (1847). [https://ift.tt/2uIe2iP ''Some notices of the Irish mesmerists of the seventeenth century Greatrakes, Cook and Finaghty'']. ''[[Irish Journal of Medical Science|Dublin Quarterly Journal of Medical Science]]'' 4: 254–272.</ref> On one occasion when a fox was caught attacking his chickens, Cook prevented his servants from killing it. He gave the fox a lecture on the Fifth Commandment ([[Thou shalt not kill]]) and sent it on its way.<ref>Leyland, Simon. (2019). ''Robert Cook (1646-1726)''. In ''The Men Who Stare at Hens: Great Irish Eccentrics, from WB Yeats to Brendan Behan''. The History Press. ISBN 978-0750989275</ref> Cook married twice. His first wife was from Bristol and he had pile of stones erected on a rock in the [[Bristol Channel]], known as Cook's Folly.<ref name="Bohan 2010"/> He had three sons and two daughters with his second wife, Cecilia.<ref name="Bohan 2010"/>
Cook's diet consisted of [[Legume|pulses]] such as [[Maize|corn]], vegetables and water.<ref name="Wilson 1913"/> In 1691, Cook published a paper in defence of the "Pythagorean" regime supported by verses from the Bible, refusing to eat any food which came from an animal.<ref name="Wilson 1913"/><ref>Thomas, Keith Vivian. (1983). ''Man and the Natural World: A History of the Modern Sensibility''. New York: Pantheon Books. p. 291. ISBN 0-394-49945-X</ref> The ideas in his paper were criticized by the [[Athenian Society]].<ref name="Cooper 1887"/><ref name="Madden 1847"/>
==See also==
*[[Roger Crab]]
==References==
==Further reading==
*[[Bernard Burke]]. (1849). [https://ift.tt/3aTxIRv ''Robert Cooke, ESQ, Called "Linen Cooke"'']. In ''Anecdotes of the Aristocracy, Volume 1''. London: Henry Colburn.
*[https://ift.tt/2S0ueE7 ''Extracts from the Portfolio of a Man of Letters'']. In ''The Monthly Magazine'', 1811.
[[Category:1646 births]]
[[Category:1726 deaths]]
[[Category:Irish farmers]]
[[Category:Irish merchants]]
[[Category:Irish Protestants]]
[[Category:Veganism activists]]
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