Cleansing the Class Ranks

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'''Cleansing the Class Ranks''' ([[Chinese language|Chinese]]: 清理阶级队伍), or '''Cleansing of Class Ranks Campaigns''', is a massive political movement during the [[Chinese cultural revolution|Chinese Cultural Revolution]].<ref name=":2">Liquid error: wrong number of arguments (given 1, expected 2)</ref><ref>Liquid error: wrong number of arguments (given 1, expected 2)</ref><ref name=":3"> Sciences Po Mass Violence and Resistance - Research Network|last=|first=|date=|website=chronology-mass-killings-during-chinese-cultural-revolution-1966-1976.html|language=en|url-status=live|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=2020-02-16}}</ref><ref> Facts and Details|last=Hays|first=Jeffrey|website=factsanddetails.com|language=en|access-date=2020-02-16}}</ref><ref>Liquid error: wrong number of arguments (given 1, expected 2)</ref> Starting from May 25, 1968, around 30 million people were persecuted, with an estimated death toll of 0.5-1.5 million.<ref name=":3" /><ref name="著2017">Liquid error: wrong number of arguments (given 1, expected 2)</ref><ref>Liquid error: wrong number of arguments (given 1, expected 2)</ref> After the Cultural Revolution, the [[Communist Party of China]] as well as the Chinese government admitted that many of the cases in the Cleansing movement were "wrongful, false, mistaken" cases.<ref name=":3" /><ref></ref> The primary purpose of the Cleansing movement was to clear "traitors, spies, [[Capitalist roader|capitalist roaders]], [[counter-revolutionaries]] and members of the [[Five Black Categories]]".<ref name=":2" /><ref name=":3" /><ref name=":0">Liquid error: wrong number of arguments (given 1, expected 2)</ref><ref name=":1">Liquid error: wrong number of arguments (given 1, expected 2)</ref><ref>Liquid error: wrong number of arguments (given 1, expected 2)</ref>

On May 13, 1968, [[Yao Wenyuan]] submitted a document ("北京新华印刷厂军管会发动群众开展对敌斗争的经验") to [[Mao Zedong]], in which Yao wrote "this document summarizes some of the policies in cleansing the class ranks". <ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1" /> On May 19, Mao commented on the document, "Wenyuan: I suggest nationwide circulation and publication of this document; it is the best-written piece among all relevant files I have seen."<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1" /> As a result, the movement of Cleansing the Class Ranks began in China on May 25, 1968.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1" /> [[Lynching]] such as the use of systematic torture, trial by suspicion, conviction by forced confessions, [[massacre]]/[[Pogrom|pogroms]] and other forms of mass killings all took place during the Cleansing.<ref name=":3" />

== See also ==

* [[Cultural Revolution]]
*[[List of campaigns of the Communist Party of China]]
*[[Great Purge]]
*[[Inner Mongolia incident]]

== References ==

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