Iberouts: ←Created page with ''''Summary''' Faftertin (فافرتين) is a village in northwestern Syria, located in the Jebel Sem’an region of the Dead Cities. The village was founde...'
'''Summary'''
Faftertin (فافرتين) is a village in northwestern Syria, located in the Jebel Sem’an region of the [[Dead Cities]]. The village was founded in the 4th century CE, and in 2011 was named a [[UNESCO]] [[World Heritage Site]] as part of the Dead Cities. The only structure preserved in the village is the apse of its church, one the oldest surviving churches in the world.<ref>Liquid error: wrong number of arguments (given 1, expected 2)</ref>
[[File:Church, Fafertin (فافرتين), Syria - View of sanctuary apse with diaconicon to the north - PHBZ024 2016 1729 - Dumbarton Oaks.jpg|thumb|Church, Fafertin (فافرتين), Syria - View of sanctuary apse with diaconicon to the north - PHBZ024 2016 1729 - Dumbarton Oaks]]
'''Location'''
Fafertin is located under a crest on an eastward slope<ref>Liquid error: wrong number of arguments (given 1, expected 2)</ref> in the heart of the Jebel Sem’an region.<ref>Liquid error: wrong number of arguments (given 1, expected 2)</ref> There is arable land on the nearby ridge and valley, and the town is still inhabited by [[Kurds|Kurdish-speaking people]] (Castellana 159).
'''Archaeological Remains'''
[[File:Church, Fafertin (فافرتين), Syria - View of sanctuary apse from north - PHBZ024 2016 1737 - Dumbarton Oaks.jpg|thumb|Church, Fafertin (فافرتين), Syria - View of sanctuary apse from north - PHBZ024 2016 1737 - Dumbarton Oaks]]
The only archaeological remain at Fafertin is the church, and its apse stands in good condition.<ref>Liquid error: wrong number of arguments (given 1, expected 2)</ref> One of the oldest surviving in the world, and the earliest surviving church in Syria, it dates to 372 CE, as mentioned in an inscription found by Butler on the eastern doorway lintel of the south aisle.<ref>Liquid error: wrong number of arguments (given 1, expected 2)</ref> A complete record of the church plan was observed and recorded by [[Howard Crosby Butler|H.C. Butler]] during the Princeton Archaeological Expedition in 1905, but much of the structure has deteriorated since.<ref>Liquid error: wrong number of arguments (given 1, expected 2)</ref> The triumphal arch has four bands, and a circle with a [[chi rho]] symbol at its center decorates the arch’s keystone. The apse was flanked by square side chambers, both accessed from the aisles. The doorway to the north chamber from the aisle is still preserved. The south chamber also had a southern doorway, leading to the outside. This church comprised a nave of seven bays, with one at the west end and two onto the south aisle. The column capitals of the nave arcade had Doric and Tuscan designs, while the interior and exterior doorways, along with their rectangular clearstory windows, had no ornament.<ref>Liquid error: wrong number of arguments (given 1, expected 2)</ref> Nothing remains of the bema once located in the center of the nave.<ref>Liquid error: wrong number of arguments (given 1, expected 2)</ref> The north wall was essentially cut out of the natural rock on the hillside.<ref>Liquid error: wrong number of arguments (given 1, expected 2)</ref>
[[File:Church, Fafertin (فافرتين), Syria - Detail of triumphal arch - PHBZ024 2016 1733 - Dumbarton Oaks.jpg|thumb|Church, Fafertin (فافرتين), Syria - Detail of triumphal arch - PHBZ024 2016 1733 - Dumbarton Oaks]]
'''References'''
Faftertin (فافرتين) is a village in northwestern Syria, located in the Jebel Sem’an region of the [[Dead Cities]]. The village was founded in the 4th century CE, and in 2011 was named a [[UNESCO]] [[World Heritage Site]] as part of the Dead Cities. The only structure preserved in the village is the apse of its church, one the oldest surviving churches in the world.<ref>Liquid error: wrong number of arguments (given 1, expected 2)</ref>
[[File:Church, Fafertin (فافرتين), Syria - View of sanctuary apse with diaconicon to the north - PHBZ024 2016 1729 - Dumbarton Oaks.jpg|thumb|Church, Fafertin (فافرتين), Syria - View of sanctuary apse with diaconicon to the north - PHBZ024 2016 1729 - Dumbarton Oaks]]
'''Location'''
Fafertin is located under a crest on an eastward slope<ref>Liquid error: wrong number of arguments (given 1, expected 2)</ref> in the heart of the Jebel Sem’an region.<ref>Liquid error: wrong number of arguments (given 1, expected 2)</ref> There is arable land on the nearby ridge and valley, and the town is still inhabited by [[Kurds|Kurdish-speaking people]] (Castellana 159).
'''Archaeological Remains'''
[[File:Church, Fafertin (فافرتين), Syria - View of sanctuary apse from north - PHBZ024 2016 1737 - Dumbarton Oaks.jpg|thumb|Church, Fafertin (فافرتين), Syria - View of sanctuary apse from north - PHBZ024 2016 1737 - Dumbarton Oaks]]
The only archaeological remain at Fafertin is the church, and its apse stands in good condition.<ref>Liquid error: wrong number of arguments (given 1, expected 2)</ref> One of the oldest surviving in the world, and the earliest surviving church in Syria, it dates to 372 CE, as mentioned in an inscription found by Butler on the eastern doorway lintel of the south aisle.<ref>Liquid error: wrong number of arguments (given 1, expected 2)</ref> A complete record of the church plan was observed and recorded by [[Howard Crosby Butler|H.C. Butler]] during the Princeton Archaeological Expedition in 1905, but much of the structure has deteriorated since.<ref>Liquid error: wrong number of arguments (given 1, expected 2)</ref> The triumphal arch has four bands, and a circle with a [[chi rho]] symbol at its center decorates the arch’s keystone. The apse was flanked by square side chambers, both accessed from the aisles. The doorway to the north chamber from the aisle is still preserved. The south chamber also had a southern doorway, leading to the outside. This church comprised a nave of seven bays, with one at the west end and two onto the south aisle. The column capitals of the nave arcade had Doric and Tuscan designs, while the interior and exterior doorways, along with their rectangular clearstory windows, had no ornament.<ref>Liquid error: wrong number of arguments (given 1, expected 2)</ref> Nothing remains of the bema once located in the center of the nave.<ref>Liquid error: wrong number of arguments (given 1, expected 2)</ref> The north wall was essentially cut out of the natural rock on the hillside.<ref>Liquid error: wrong number of arguments (given 1, expected 2)</ref>
[[File:Church, Fafertin (فافرتين), Syria - Detail of triumphal arch - PHBZ024 2016 1733 - Dumbarton Oaks.jpg|thumb|Church, Fafertin (فافرتين), Syria - Detail of triumphal arch - PHBZ024 2016 1733 - Dumbarton Oaks]]
'''References'''
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