Noswall59:
'''Alma Ostra-Oinas''' (born '''Alma Ostra'''; 4 or 16 September 1886 – 2 November 1960), also known as '''Alma Anvelt-Ostra''', was an Estonian journalist, writer and politician.
== Early life and education ==
Born in the village of [[Vastse-Kuuste]] on 4 or 16 September 1886, Ostra completed her elementary education at Schwarz Elementary School between 1893 and 1898, after which she began studying at G. Faure's dairy. She then attended [[Pushkin Girls' Gymnasium]] at [[Tartu]] between 1901 and 1905 and became active in underground radical-national politics, joining the [[Russian Social Democratic Labour Party|Russian Social Democratic Party]] in 1903, working on its inter-school organisation and attending speeches by Russian socialists.<ref name=":0" /><ref name="ebl">[https://ift.tt/2Ss3F94 "Ostra-Oinas, Alma"], ''[[Eesti Biograafiline Leksikon]]'' (1926–29), p. 356.</ref>
== Politics, family and later life ==
She was forced to leave school in 1905 over her involvement in radical politics and moved to [[Riga]], where she was arrested by the Russia authorities for her involvement in an illegal printing press, and was eventually sent to [[Siberia]], escaping imprisonment the following year and attended the Russian Social Democractic Party Congress in [[London]] in 1907. In 1909, she married the communist [[Jaan Anvelt]] so she could assume a different legal name, and between 1910 and 1915 she studied mathematics and philosophy in the [[Bestuzhev Courses]] at [[Saint Petersburg|St Petersburg]], also marrying the politician [[Aleksander Oinas]] in 1914.<ref name=":0">[https://ift.tt/2XmbfWu "Alma Ostra-Oinas"], ''[[National Library of Estonia]]''. Retrieved 25 February 2019.</ref>
She then settled in the Estonian town of [[Võnnu]] where, between 1916 and 1917, she was a director of [[Severopomoštš]], and in 1917 she moved was elected a member of the Council of Workers and Soldiers, also editing the newspaper ''Social Democrat'' (''Sotsiaaldemokraadi toimetus'') between 1917 and 1918.<ref name=":0" /> She joined the [[Estonian Provincial Assembly]] on 20 November 1918, replacing [[Jaan Treial]]; she was also a member of the [[Asutav Kogu]] (Constituent Assembly) between 1919 and 1920, and was elected to the first legislature of the [[Riigikogu]] (Estonian parliament), in 1920, serving until the end of the session. In the second legislature, she replaced [[Mihkel Janson]] on 3 October 1925 and sat until the end of the session. She was elected to the third legislature when convened in 1926, but stepped down on 1 July in that year, and was replaced by [[Eduard Kink]]. Throughout, she sat as a member of the [[Estonian Social Democratic Workers' Party]] (ESDTP).<ref>Jaan Toomla, ''[https://ift.tt/2tuLp4P Valitud ja Valitsenud: Eesti parlamentaarsete ja muude esinduskogude ning valitsuste isikkoosseis aastail 1917–1999]'' ([[National Library of Estonia]], 1999), pp. 22, 25, 33, 47, 54, 342.</ref> Her work in the Riigikogu included introducing a bill concerning family law, which was not passed but influenced subsequent legislation.<ref name=":0" /> Ostra-Oinas remained active as a journalist; she was editor of ''Ametiühisusline kuukiri'' (1923–27),<ref>[https://ift.tt/2SpKNaw "Oinas, Alma"], ''Eesti Biograafiline Andmebaas I'' ([[Estonian Literary Museum|Eesti Kirjandusmuuseum]]). Retrieved 25 February 2019.</ref> and also returned to studies, initially in medicine but from 1921 to 1929 studied law at the University of Tartu.<ref name=":0" />
Ostra-Oinas's husband Aleksander was arrested by the Soviet authorities and sent to Siberia, where he died in 1942. Ostra-Oinas herself was arrested during the Second World War, firstly by the occupying Germans and then in 1944 by the Soviets; she was sentenced to five years' imprisonment and deportation,<ref name=":0" /> and died in 1960 in [[Inta]], in the [[Komi Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic]] of the [[USSR]].<ref>Toomla, p. 342.</ref>
Aside from her contributions to Estonian politics, Ostra-Oinas is remembered as one of the first women politicians in Estonia, having been of only a small number to serve in its first legislative chambers.<ref name=":0" />
== References ==
[[Category:1886 births]]
[[Category:1960 deaths]]
[[Category:Estonian politicians]]
[[Category:Members of the Estonian Provincial Assembly]]
[[Category:Members of the Estonian Constituent Assembly]]
[[Category:Members of the Riigikogu, 1920–23]]
[[Category:Members of the Riigikogu, 1923–26]]
[[Category:Members of the Riigikogu, 1926–29]]
[[Category:Women members of the Riigikogu]]
== Early life and education ==
Born in the village of [[Vastse-Kuuste]] on 4 or 16 September 1886, Ostra completed her elementary education at Schwarz Elementary School between 1893 and 1898, after which she began studying at G. Faure's dairy. She then attended [[Pushkin Girls' Gymnasium]] at [[Tartu]] between 1901 and 1905 and became active in underground radical-national politics, joining the [[Russian Social Democratic Labour Party|Russian Social Democratic Party]] in 1903, working on its inter-school organisation and attending speeches by Russian socialists.<ref name=":0" /><ref name="ebl">[https://ift.tt/2Ss3F94 "Ostra-Oinas, Alma"], ''[[Eesti Biograafiline Leksikon]]'' (1926–29), p. 356.</ref>
== Politics, family and later life ==
She was forced to leave school in 1905 over her involvement in radical politics and moved to [[Riga]], where she was arrested by the Russia authorities for her involvement in an illegal printing press, and was eventually sent to [[Siberia]], escaping imprisonment the following year and attended the Russian Social Democractic Party Congress in [[London]] in 1907. In 1909, she married the communist [[Jaan Anvelt]] so she could assume a different legal name, and between 1910 and 1915 she studied mathematics and philosophy in the [[Bestuzhev Courses]] at [[Saint Petersburg|St Petersburg]], also marrying the politician [[Aleksander Oinas]] in 1914.<ref name=":0">[https://ift.tt/2XmbfWu "Alma Ostra-Oinas"], ''[[National Library of Estonia]]''. Retrieved 25 February 2019.</ref>
She then settled in the Estonian town of [[Võnnu]] where, between 1916 and 1917, she was a director of [[Severopomoštš]], and in 1917 she moved was elected a member of the Council of Workers and Soldiers, also editing the newspaper ''Social Democrat'' (''Sotsiaaldemokraadi toimetus'') between 1917 and 1918.<ref name=":0" /> She joined the [[Estonian Provincial Assembly]] on 20 November 1918, replacing [[Jaan Treial]]; she was also a member of the [[Asutav Kogu]] (Constituent Assembly) between 1919 and 1920, and was elected to the first legislature of the [[Riigikogu]] (Estonian parliament), in 1920, serving until the end of the session. In the second legislature, she replaced [[Mihkel Janson]] on 3 October 1925 and sat until the end of the session. She was elected to the third legislature when convened in 1926, but stepped down on 1 July in that year, and was replaced by [[Eduard Kink]]. Throughout, she sat as a member of the [[Estonian Social Democratic Workers' Party]] (ESDTP).<ref>Jaan Toomla, ''[https://ift.tt/2tuLp4P Valitud ja Valitsenud: Eesti parlamentaarsete ja muude esinduskogude ning valitsuste isikkoosseis aastail 1917–1999]'' ([[National Library of Estonia]], 1999), pp. 22, 25, 33, 47, 54, 342.</ref> Her work in the Riigikogu included introducing a bill concerning family law, which was not passed but influenced subsequent legislation.<ref name=":0" /> Ostra-Oinas remained active as a journalist; she was editor of ''Ametiühisusline kuukiri'' (1923–27),<ref>[https://ift.tt/2SpKNaw "Oinas, Alma"], ''Eesti Biograafiline Andmebaas I'' ([[Estonian Literary Museum|Eesti Kirjandusmuuseum]]). Retrieved 25 February 2019.</ref> and also returned to studies, initially in medicine but from 1921 to 1929 studied law at the University of Tartu.<ref name=":0" />
Ostra-Oinas's husband Aleksander was arrested by the Soviet authorities and sent to Siberia, where he died in 1942. Ostra-Oinas herself was arrested during the Second World War, firstly by the occupying Germans and then in 1944 by the Soviets; she was sentenced to five years' imprisonment and deportation,<ref name=":0" /> and died in 1960 in [[Inta]], in the [[Komi Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic]] of the [[USSR]].<ref>Toomla, p. 342.</ref>
Aside from her contributions to Estonian politics, Ostra-Oinas is remembered as one of the first women politicians in Estonia, having been of only a small number to serve in its first legislative chambers.<ref name=":0" />
== References ==
[[Category:1886 births]]
[[Category:1960 deaths]]
[[Category:Estonian politicians]]
[[Category:Members of the Estonian Provincial Assembly]]
[[Category:Members of the Estonian Constituent Assembly]]
[[Category:Members of the Riigikogu, 1920–23]]
[[Category:Members of the Riigikogu, 1923–26]]
[[Category:Members of the Riigikogu, 1926–29]]
[[Category:Women members of the Riigikogu]]
from Wikipedia - New pages [en] https://ift.tt/2XlY8EF
via IFTTT
No comments:
Post a Comment