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Council for Aboriginal Rights
AnomieBOT: Dating maintenance tags:
Liquid error: wrong number of arguments (given 1, expected 2)
Liquid error: wrong number of arguments (given 1, expected 2)
The '''Council for Aboriginal Rights''' ('''CAR''') was founded in [[Melbourne]] in 1951 and wound up in the mid-1980s. Its stated aim was to "plan, conduct and organize the widest possible support for a campaign to obtain justice for all [[Australian Aborigines]]".<ref name=caradb>Liquid error: wrong number of arguments (given 1, expected 2)</ref>
==Foundation==
A strike in [[Darwin, Northern Territory|Darwin]] in 1950 led indirectly to the creation of CAR. The [[North Australian Workers' Union]] (NAWU) had supported the residents of the [[Aboriginal reserve]]s of [[Bagot Community|Bagot]] and [[Berrimah, Northern Territory|Berrimah]] reserves in their actions opposing [[curfew]]s imposed on by the government, and demands for for better housing, wages and working conditions. NAWU also publicised the exile of the leader of the strike action, Fred Waters, to [[Haast's Bluff]], west of [[Alice Springs]], over from his home and family, by the Department of Native Affairs, despite having not been convicted of any crime. NAWU president Murray Norris garnered support on a speaking tour of the eastern states, helping non-Indigenous people to understand the conditions suffered by Aboriginal Territorians.
After hearing Norris speak, a group of people founded the Council for Aboriginal Rights at a meeting on 16 March 1951, attended by about 70 people, including members of [[trades unions]], women’s organisations, and churches. The new organisation's aims were to fight for the rights of and justice for Aboriginal Australians, although pastor (and former footballer) [[Doug Nicholls]] and [[Bill Onus]] were the only Aboriginal people present. The group based the principles, constitution and subsequent campaigns of the Council on the [[United Nations Declaration of Human Rights]] (passed in 1948). The first office-bearers elected were:
*President: Farnham Maynard, an [[Anglican]] clergyman
*Vice-President: Colin Williams, a [[Methodist]] minister
*Honorary Secretary: Henry Wardlaw
Executive members (all peace activists) included [[Shirley Andrews]], biochemist, researcher and activist, and Molly Rayne, an academic at the [[University of Melbourne]].
A few months later, the first public meeting of the Council was held in [[Melbourne Town Hall]] on 19 June 1951 and attracting 900 people, including individuals from other states and various organisations such as unions, women’s organisations, and religious bodies who joined the new body. The three speakers at the inaugural meeting, medical practitioner and church moderator [[Charles Duguid]] of [[South Australia]], writer [[Alan Marshall (Australian author)|Alan Marshall]], and Doug Nicholls. The meeting publicised the new organisation.<ref name=caradb/>
==1950s–1960s==
In early 1952, Andrews was elected honorary secretary after Wardlaw resigned.<ref name=caradb/> She held this office until 1961,<ref name=nma/> and through mobilising a network of contacts she developed, starting campaigns aiming to change discriminatory laws and practices, she and the Council began to affect some of the entrenched negative attitudes towards Aboriginal people held by white Australians. Between 1953 and 1961 Andrews wrote and edited the biannual ''Bulletin'', consisting of four or five [[Paper size#Traditional inch-based paper sizes|foolscap]] pages stapled together which described the latest CAR activities. The ''Bulletin'' even reached members abroad in England, Italy, and India.
Among her contacts, there were a few particular people with whom she worked extensively. One of these was [[Don McLeod (Aboriginal rights activist)|Don Mcleod]], the [[Western Australia]]n Aboriginal rights activist in the [[Pilbara#20th century|Pilbara in the mid-20th century]]. She enabled McLeod's lecture tour of the eastern states in 1955, which was sponsored by the Council. About 3,000 Victorians were inspired by hearing him speak about Aboriginal self-determination in WA in the form of an Aboriginal-run mining company. Another of Andrews' regular correspondents was [[Mary Montgomerie Bennett]], who worked with the [[Wongutha]] people of the [[Eastern Goldfields]] region of WA. Inspired by her work, Andrews lobbied the federal government for amendments to the ''[[Social Services Consolidation Act 1947]]'' to enable Aboriginal people's eligibility for the old age pension, [[unemployment benefit]]s, and other [[social services]].
The Council's focus was on educating non-Indigenous people about how Aboriginal people's rights were not heeded in many cases across the country. It organised defence for artist [[Albert Namatjira]], after he was charged with an offence under the ''[[Welfare Ordinance 1953]]''.
During the 1950s the Council was the strongest voice for justice for Aboriginal people in Australia, and worked towards the creation of a national advocacy body. Andrews wrote to the [[Aborigines' Advancement League of South Australia]] and the Western Australian [[Native Welfare Council]] (created in 1952 at the request of the WA Minister for Native Affairs<ref name=nma/> and co-founded by [[George Abdullah]]) in 1953 but her ideas were not greeted with action. However in 1956 Australian suffragette and committee member of the [[Anti-Slavery and Aborigines' Protection Society]] in [[London]], [[Jessie Street]], wrote to Andrews about the Council's plans to bring Australia’s treatment of its Aboriginal population to the attention of the United Nations.<ref name=nma></ref>
Duguid had a very high opinion of the work done by the Council for Aboriginal Rights, considering them the most important activist body in the 1950s.<ref name=nma/>
Following the [[Warburton Ranges controversy]] in 1957, CAR was a founding member of the [[Federal Council for Aboriginal Advancement]] (FCAA, later FCAATSI), with representatives at the Adelaide meeting on 16 February 1958 which marked the founding of the first body which represented Aboriginal interests nationally. With the FCAA headquarters in Melbourne, CAR would often take on projects upon request by Davey, who was FCAA secretary.<ref name=nma/>
In 1957 [[Barry Christophers]] became president after Baynes' resignation. Doug Nicholls and Stan Davey wished to focus more on the welfare needs of [[Aboriginal Victorians]], so Andrews encouraged them to establish a new organisation; this would become the [[Victorian Aborigines Advancement League]] (VAAL), established in 1957 (now Aboriginal Advancement League). Both organisations remained affiliated with the FCAA. [[ASIO]] became interested in the organisation as several of the office bearers were members of the [[Communist Party of Australia]], and it was during the [[Cold War]] years.<ref name=caradb/>
In 1961 [[Pauline Pickford]] took over the position of honorary secretary from Andrews. Pickford's presence brought in more Aboriginal Victorians, including [[Laurie Moffatt]] from [[Lake Tyers]], sister of [[Joe McGinness]]' sister Margaret Edwards, and Nicholls and [[Bill Onus]] were all active during the 1960s. After involvement with a case concerning the [[Cape Bedford Mission]] at [[Hopevale, Queensland|Hope Vale]] in [[Queensland]] in 1961, Pickford retained close ties with [[Gladys O'Shane]], president of the [[Cairns Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Advancement League]] and other activists from far north Queensland, such as McGinness and [[Evelyn Scott (activist)|Evelyn Scott]].<ref name=caradb/>
==1970s–1980s==
In 1973 FCAATSI became an Indigenous-controlled body, and the [[Whitlam Labor government]] set up the [[National Aboriginal Consultative Committee]] in the same year, and helped to fund new organisations such as [[ATSILS|Aboriginal legal services]] and Aboriginal health services. CAR continued to support Indigenous enterprises, but its earlier sense of purpose had diminished. There is no evidence in the organisation's files, held in the [[State Library of Victoria]], of an exact date when it ceased to function, but its activities appear to have come to an end in the mid-1980s.<ref name=caradb/>
==References==
[[Category:Indigenous rights organizations]]
[[Category:1951 establishments in Australia]]
[[Category:Victoria (Australia)]]
[[Category:Organisations serving Indigenous Australians]]
[[Category:Indigenous Australian politics]]
Liquid error: wrong number of arguments (given 1, expected 2)
The '''Council for Aboriginal Rights''' ('''CAR''') was founded in [[Melbourne]] in 1951 and wound up in the mid-1980s. Its stated aim was to "plan, conduct and organize the widest possible support for a campaign to obtain justice for all [[Australian Aborigines]]".<ref name=caradb>Liquid error: wrong number of arguments (given 1, expected 2)</ref>
==Foundation==
A strike in [[Darwin, Northern Territory|Darwin]] in 1950 led indirectly to the creation of CAR. The [[North Australian Workers' Union]] (NAWU) had supported the residents of the [[Aboriginal reserve]]s of [[Bagot Community|Bagot]] and [[Berrimah, Northern Territory|Berrimah]] reserves in their actions opposing [[curfew]]s imposed on by the government, and demands for for better housing, wages and working conditions. NAWU also publicised the exile of the leader of the strike action, Fred Waters, to [[Haast's Bluff]], west of [[Alice Springs]], over from his home and family, by the Department of Native Affairs, despite having not been convicted of any crime. NAWU president Murray Norris garnered support on a speaking tour of the eastern states, helping non-Indigenous people to understand the conditions suffered by Aboriginal Territorians.
After hearing Norris speak, a group of people founded the Council for Aboriginal Rights at a meeting on 16 March 1951, attended by about 70 people, including members of [[trades unions]], women’s organisations, and churches. The new organisation's aims were to fight for the rights of and justice for Aboriginal Australians, although pastor (and former footballer) [[Doug Nicholls]] and [[Bill Onus]] were the only Aboriginal people present. The group based the principles, constitution and subsequent campaigns of the Council on the [[United Nations Declaration of Human Rights]] (passed in 1948). The first office-bearers elected were:
*President: Farnham Maynard, an [[Anglican]] clergyman
*Vice-President: Colin Williams, a [[Methodist]] minister
*Honorary Secretary: Henry Wardlaw
Executive members (all peace activists) included [[Shirley Andrews]], biochemist, researcher and activist, and Molly Rayne, an academic at the [[University of Melbourne]].
A few months later, the first public meeting of the Council was held in [[Melbourne Town Hall]] on 19 June 1951 and attracting 900 people, including individuals from other states and various organisations such as unions, women’s organisations, and religious bodies who joined the new body. The three speakers at the inaugural meeting, medical practitioner and church moderator [[Charles Duguid]] of [[South Australia]], writer [[Alan Marshall (Australian author)|Alan Marshall]], and Doug Nicholls. The meeting publicised the new organisation.<ref name=caradb/>
==1950s–1960s==
In early 1952, Andrews was elected honorary secretary after Wardlaw resigned.<ref name=caradb/> She held this office until 1961,<ref name=nma/> and through mobilising a network of contacts she developed, starting campaigns aiming to change discriminatory laws and practices, she and the Council began to affect some of the entrenched negative attitudes towards Aboriginal people held by white Australians. Between 1953 and 1961 Andrews wrote and edited the biannual ''Bulletin'', consisting of four or five [[Paper size#Traditional inch-based paper sizes|foolscap]] pages stapled together which described the latest CAR activities. The ''Bulletin'' even reached members abroad in England, Italy, and India.
Among her contacts, there were a few particular people with whom she worked extensively. One of these was [[Don McLeod (Aboriginal rights activist)|Don Mcleod]], the [[Western Australia]]n Aboriginal rights activist in the [[Pilbara#20th century|Pilbara in the mid-20th century]]. She enabled McLeod's lecture tour of the eastern states in 1955, which was sponsored by the Council. About 3,000 Victorians were inspired by hearing him speak about Aboriginal self-determination in WA in the form of an Aboriginal-run mining company. Another of Andrews' regular correspondents was [[Mary Montgomerie Bennett]], who worked with the [[Wongutha]] people of the [[Eastern Goldfields]] region of WA. Inspired by her work, Andrews lobbied the federal government for amendments to the ''[[Social Services Consolidation Act 1947]]'' to enable Aboriginal people's eligibility for the old age pension, [[unemployment benefit]]s, and other [[social services]].
The Council's focus was on educating non-Indigenous people about how Aboriginal people's rights were not heeded in many cases across the country. It organised defence for artist [[Albert Namatjira]], after he was charged with an offence under the ''[[Welfare Ordinance 1953]]''.
During the 1950s the Council was the strongest voice for justice for Aboriginal people in Australia, and worked towards the creation of a national advocacy body. Andrews wrote to the [[Aborigines' Advancement League of South Australia]] and the Western Australian [[Native Welfare Council]] (created in 1952 at the request of the WA Minister for Native Affairs<ref name=nma/> and co-founded by [[George Abdullah]]) in 1953 but her ideas were not greeted with action. However in 1956 Australian suffragette and committee member of the [[Anti-Slavery and Aborigines' Protection Society]] in [[London]], [[Jessie Street]], wrote to Andrews about the Council's plans to bring Australia’s treatment of its Aboriginal population to the attention of the United Nations.<ref name=nma></ref>
Duguid had a very high opinion of the work done by the Council for Aboriginal Rights, considering them the most important activist body in the 1950s.<ref name=nma/>
Following the [[Warburton Ranges controversy]] in 1957, CAR was a founding member of the [[Federal Council for Aboriginal Advancement]] (FCAA, later FCAATSI), with representatives at the Adelaide meeting on 16 February 1958 which marked the founding of the first body which represented Aboriginal interests nationally. With the FCAA headquarters in Melbourne, CAR would often take on projects upon request by Davey, who was FCAA secretary.<ref name=nma/>
In 1957 [[Barry Christophers]] became president after Baynes' resignation. Doug Nicholls and Stan Davey wished to focus more on the welfare needs of [[Aboriginal Victorians]], so Andrews encouraged them to establish a new organisation; this would become the [[Victorian Aborigines Advancement League]] (VAAL), established in 1957 (now Aboriginal Advancement League). Both organisations remained affiliated with the FCAA. [[ASIO]] became interested in the organisation as several of the office bearers were members of the [[Communist Party of Australia]], and it was during the [[Cold War]] years.<ref name=caradb/>
In 1961 [[Pauline Pickford]] took over the position of honorary secretary from Andrews. Pickford's presence brought in more Aboriginal Victorians, including [[Laurie Moffatt]] from [[Lake Tyers]], sister of [[Joe McGinness]]' sister Margaret Edwards, and Nicholls and [[Bill Onus]] were all active during the 1960s. After involvement with a case concerning the [[Cape Bedford Mission]] at [[Hopevale, Queensland|Hope Vale]] in [[Queensland]] in 1961, Pickford retained close ties with [[Gladys O'Shane]], president of the [[Cairns Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Advancement League]] and other activists from far north Queensland, such as McGinness and [[Evelyn Scott (activist)|Evelyn Scott]].<ref name=caradb/>
==1970s–1980s==
In 1973 FCAATSI became an Indigenous-controlled body, and the [[Whitlam Labor government]] set up the [[National Aboriginal Consultative Committee]] in the same year, and helped to fund new organisations such as [[ATSILS|Aboriginal legal services]] and Aboriginal health services. CAR continued to support Indigenous enterprises, but its earlier sense of purpose had diminished. There is no evidence in the organisation's files, held in the [[State Library of Victoria]], of an exact date when it ceased to function, but its activities appear to have come to an end in the mid-1980s.<ref name=caradb/>
==References==
[[Category:Indigenous rights organizations]]
[[Category:1951 establishments in Australia]]
[[Category:Victoria (Australia)]]
[[Category:Organisations serving Indigenous Australians]]
[[Category:Indigenous Australian politics]]
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Zacariah Wines
FloridaArmy:
'''Zacariah Wines''' (November 12, 1847 - Janiary 28, 1920) was a dtate representative in South Carolina. A historical marker.commemorates his life.<ref>https://ift.tt/3mq8sI3>
He briefly attended [[Calver Institute]] before returning home to help his father who was struggling financially.<ref>https://ift.tt/39wITS2>
==References==
He briefly attended [[Calver Institute]] before returning home to help his father who was struggling financially.<ref>https://ift.tt/39wITS2>
==References==
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Deaths in 2021
TDKR Chicago 101: ←Created page with ' The following deaths of notable individuals occurred in 2021. Names are reported under the dat...'
The following deaths of notable individuals occurred in 2021. Names are reported under the date of death, in alphabetical order by surname or pseudonym.
A typical entry reports information in the following sequence:
* Name, age, country of citizenship at birth, subsequent [[nationality]] (if applicable), what subject was noted for, cause of death (if known), and reference.
<!--
* * * * * * * Please adhere to the guidelines below when adding a name to this article. * * * * * * *
A typical entry reports information in the following sequence: Name, age, country of citizenship at birth or nationality if the subject is not eligible (for example, in the case of animals), subsequent nationality (if applicable), what subject was noted for, cause of death (if known), and reference. Do not place a period at the end of the entry. Names are reported under the date of death. Names under each date are reported in alphabetical order by surname or pseudonym.
(1) Please add only those meeting Wikipedia notability guidelines. Include a reference to a reliable source.[a] [b] If a Wikipedia article for the dead does not yet exist, reconsider whether the subject is actually notable. If so, consider writing an article yourself. Those without a Wikipedia article are removed after one month.
(2) Please understand that the intent of this article is to report notable deaths. Tragic deaths, while unfortunate, do not necessarily render the dead "notable". If you report the death of a notable subject that does not already have a Wikipedia article, consider starting one. Include third-party sources other than the obituary.
(3) Please add entries in alphabetical order by family name. Please avoid over-linking. As such, please do not add links to nationalities, common occupations, or common causes of death. Rather, include only "links that aid navigation and understanding". Thank you.
(4) References should be in <ref>[url & title]</ref> format, as full citations make the page too slow to load, and too big to edit.
--Notes--
[a] See [[WP:RS]] for definition of reliable source, and [[WP:BLPSOURCE]] for living and recently deceased persons.
[b] For information on using information from Ancestry.com, Find-a-grave, or IMDb, please see [[WP:ELPEREN]].
* * * * * * * Please adhere to the guidelines above when adding a name to this article. * * * * * * *
--->
==January==
===1===
==See also==
*[[Lists of deaths by year]]
==References==
==External links==
*[https://ift.tt/1XjX2EC ''The Guardian'', UK obituaries]
*[https://ift.tt/3mpDlvX ''The Telegraph'' obituaries]
*[https://ift.tt/3lpfSdb Obituaries, ''Chicago Tribune'']
*[https://ift.tt/36mY4uY Obituaries, ''Los Angeles Times'']
*[https://ift.tt/MhOUyZ ''The New York Times'', US obituaries]
*[https://ift.tt/1Xi7AGr ''The Washington Post'' obituaries]
*[https://ift.tt/3fRB22g ''The Sydney Morning Herald'', Australian obituaries]
[[Category:2021 deaths| ]]
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Demetric
Bagumba: +see also
'''Demetric''' is a [[given name]]. Notable people with the name include:
*[[Demetric Austin]] (born 1995), American basketball player
*[[Demetric Evans]] (born 1979), American football player
*[[Demetric Felton]], American football player
==See also==
*[[Demetrice]]
*[[Demetric Austin]] (born 1995), American basketball player
*[[Demetric Evans]] (born 1979), American football player
*[[Demetric Felton]], American football player
==See also==
*[[Demetrice]]
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Peter I (bishop of Benevento)
Srnec: start
'''Peter I''' () was the [[bishop of Benevento]] from 887 until his death in 914 and the regent of the [[Principality of Benevento]] between 897 and 900.
According to the ''[[Annales Beneventani]]'', Peter was elected bishop in 887.<ref>, however, has Peter succeeding Bishop Conservatus in 894.</ref>
Peter received a letter from [[Pope Formosus]] dated 30 January 893. Without raising the diocese of Benevento to [[Metropolitan bishop|metropolitan rank]], the pope confirmed the [[diocese of Siponto]] as subordinate to it. This letter, seen by [[Ferdinando Ughelli]], is now lost.
Peter's pontificate was marked by tumult in the Principality of Benevento. In 891, it was annexed by the [[Byzantine emperor]] [[Leo VI the Wise|Leo VI]]. In 894, the [[Carolingian Empire|Frankish emperor]] [[Guy of Italy|Guy]] occupied it, but in 897 it was taken over by Prince [[Guaimar I of Salerno]]. Guido expelled Peter from the city. From 897 to 900, however, Peter served as regent for Prince [[Radelchis II]]. After Count [[Atenulf I of Capua|Atenulf of Capua]] deposed Radelchis in 900, he left Peter in charge of Benevento and returned to Capua.
The ''Annales Beneventani'' record Peter's death in 914.
==Notes==
==Bibliography==
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
[[Category:914 deaths]]
[[Category:Bishops of Benevento]]
[[it:Pietro (vescovo di Benevento)]]
According to the ''[[Annales Beneventani]]'', Peter was elected bishop in 887.<ref>, however, has Peter succeeding Bishop Conservatus in 894.</ref>
Peter received a letter from [[Pope Formosus]] dated 30 January 893. Without raising the diocese of Benevento to [[Metropolitan bishop|metropolitan rank]], the pope confirmed the [[diocese of Siponto]] as subordinate to it. This letter, seen by [[Ferdinando Ughelli]], is now lost.
Peter's pontificate was marked by tumult in the Principality of Benevento. In 891, it was annexed by the [[Byzantine emperor]] [[Leo VI the Wise|Leo VI]]. In 894, the [[Carolingian Empire|Frankish emperor]] [[Guy of Italy|Guy]] occupied it, but in 897 it was taken over by Prince [[Guaimar I of Salerno]]. Guido expelled Peter from the city. From 897 to 900, however, Peter served as regent for Prince [[Radelchis II]]. After Count [[Atenulf I of Capua|Atenulf of Capua]] deposed Radelchis in 900, he left Peter in charge of Benevento and returned to Capua.
The ''Annales Beneventani'' record Peter's death in 914.
==Notes==
==Bibliography==
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
[[Category:914 deaths]]
[[Category:Bishops of Benevento]]
[[it:Pietro (vescovo di Benevento)]]
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Constellation Furyk and Friends
PwilliamQ99: fix date + stub
The '''Constellation Furyk and Friends''' is a [[PGA Tour Champions]] event hosted by [[Jim Furyk]] at the [[Timuquana Country Club]] in [[Jacksonville, Florida]]. The event will makes its debut in October 2021 as part of the [[2020–21 PGA Tour Champions]] season.
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Claire Adida
Snooganssnoogans:
'''Claire Adida''' is Professor of Political Scientist at the University of California, San Diego.<ref name=":0"></ref> She is on the editorial board of the ''American Political Science Review''.<ref></ref> She is known for research on immigration and integration, as well use of survey experiments.<ref>Liquid error: wrong number of arguments (given 1, expected 2)</ref><ref>Liquid error: wrong number of arguments (given 1, expected 2)</ref><ref>Liquid error: wrong number of arguments (given 1, expected 2)</ref><ref>Liquid error: wrong number of arguments (given 1, expected 2)</ref> She has a PhD in Political Science from Stanford University.<ref name=":0" />
== References ==
[[Category:French political scientists]]
== References ==
[[Category:French political scientists]]
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Skilling Open
Andrew nyr: Added tags to the page using Page Curation (refimprove, stub, rough translation)
Liquid error: wrong number of arguments (given 1, expected 2)
The Skilling Open was an online [[rapid chess]] tournament that took place from November 22nd to November 30th, 2020. It was the first tournament of the [[Champions Chess Tour 2021]]. American [[Wesley So]] defeated the reigning World Chess Champion, Norwegian [[Magnus Carlsen]], on the latter's 30th birthday to secure the first prize of US$30,000.
== Coverage ==
The tournament was broadcast free of charge on [[Chess24.com]] and featured commentary in ten languages.<ref> Skilling Open Prelims 2020|periodical=|publisher=|url=https://chess24.com/de/watch/live-tournaments/champions-chess-tour-skilling-open-2020-prelims/1/1/1|url-status=|format=|access-date=|archive-url=|archive-date=|last=|date=|year=|language=de|pages=|quote=}}</ref>
== Stakes ==
Prize money of US$100,000 was awarded for the tournament, of which the winner received $30,000.
== Participants ==
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center;"
!Nr.
!Name
!Classic [[Elo rating system|ELO rating]]<br />(November 2020)
!Classic World Ranking<br />(November 2020)
|-
|1
| style="text-align:left;" data-sort-value="Carlsen" | [[Magnus Carlsen]]
|2862
|1
|-
|2
| style="text-align:left;" data-sort-value="Ding" | [[Ding Liren]]
|2791
|3
|-
|3
| style="text-align:left;" data-sort-value="Nepomnjaschtschi" | [[Jan Alexandrowitsch Nepomnjaschtschi|Jan Nepomnjaschtschi]]
|2784
|4
|-
|4
| style="text-align:left;" data-sort-value="Giri" | [[Anish Giri]]
|2764
|11
|-
|5
| style="text-align:left;" data-sort-value="So" | [[Wesley So]]
|2770
|9
|-
|6
| style="text-align:left;" data-sort-value="Vidit" | [[Santosh Gujrathi Vidit|Vidit Gujrathi]]
|2726
|25
|-
|7
| style="text-align:left;" data-sort-value="Svidler" | [[Pjotr Weniaminowitsch Swidler|Peter Svidler]]
|2723
|26
|-
|8
| style="text-align:left;" data-sort-value="Radjabov" | [[Teymur Rəcəbov|Teimour Radjabov]]
|2765
|10
|-
|9
| style="text-align:left;" data-sort-value="Nakamura" | [[Hikaru Nakamura]]
|2736
|20
|-
|10
| style="text-align:left;" data-sort-value="Liêm" | [[Lê Quang Liêm]]
|2709
|31
|-
|11
| style="text-align:left;" data-sort-value="Karjakin" | [[Sergei Alexandrowitsch Karjakin|Sergei Karjakin]]
|2752
|17
|-
|12
| style="text-align:left;" data-sort-value="Duda" | [[Jan-Krzysztof Duda]]
|2743
|19
|-
|13
| style="text-align:left;" data-sort-value="Aronian" | [[Lewon Aronjan|Levon Aronian]]
|2781
|6
|-
|14
| style="text-align:left;" data-sort-value="Vachier" | [[Maxime Vachier-Lagrave]]
|2784
|5
|-
|15
| style="text-align:left;" data-sort-value="Guijarro" | [[David Antón Guijarro]]
|2675
|62
|-
|16
| style="text-align:left;" data-sort-value="Firouzja" |(FIDE) [[Alireza Firouzja]]
|2749
|18
|}
== Results ==
=== Preliminary round ===
The preliminary round took place from November 22nd to November 24th.
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;"
!
!Teilnehmer
!ELO
!01
!02
!03
!04
!05
!06
!07
!08
!09
!10
!11
!12
!13
!14
!15
!16
!Punkte
|-
|01
| style="text-align:left;" data-sort-value="Carlsen" | [[Magnus Carlsen]]
|2862
| -
|½
|½
|0
|½
|1
|½
|½
|1
|½
|½
|1
|1
|½
|0
|1
|9
|-
|02
| style="text-align:left;" data-sort-value="Nakamura" | [[Hikaru Nakamura]]
|2736
|½
| -
|½
|1
|½
|½
|½
|½
|1
| 0
|½
|½
|1
|½
|1
|½
|9
|-
|03
| style="text-align:left;" data-sort-value="So" | [[Wesley So]]
|2770
|½
|½
| -
|½
|1
| ½
|½
|½
|0
|1
|½
|½
|½
|½
|½
|1
|8,5
|-
|04
| style="text-align:left;" data-sort-value="Nepomnjaschtschi" | [[Jan Alexandrowitsch Nepomnjaschtschi|Jan Nepomnjaschtschi]]
|2784
|1
|0
|½
| -
|½
|1
|½
|½
|½
|½
|½
|½
|0
|1
|½
|½
|8,5
|-
|05
| style="text-align:left;" data-sort-value="Aronian" | [[Lewon Aronjan|Levon Aronian]]
|2781
|½
|½
|0
|½
| -
|0
|½
|1
|0
|1
|½
|1
|½
|½
|1
|1
|8,5
|-
|06
| style="text-align:left;" data-sort-value="Radjabov" | [[Teymur Rəcəbov|Teimour Radjabov]]
|2765
|0
|½
|½
|0
|1
| -
|1
|½
| 1
|½
|0
|½
|0
|½
|1
|1
|8
|-
|07
| style="text-align:left;" data-sort-value="Vachier" | [[Maxime Vachier-Lagrave]]
|2784
|½
|½
|½
|½
|½
|0
| -
|½
|½
|1
|½
|½
|1
| 0
|½
|1
|8
|-
|08
| style="text-align:left;" data-sort-value="Giri" | [[Anish Giri]]
|2764
|½
|½
|½
|½
| 0
|½
|½
| -
|0
|1
|½
|1
|½
|½
|1
|½
|8
|-
| style="border-top: 2px solid #000000;"| 09
| style="text-align:left; border-top: 2px solid #000000;" data-sort-value="Firouzja" |(FIDE) [[Alireza Firouzja]]
| style="border-top: 2px solid #000000;"|2749
| style="border-top: 2px solid #000000;"|0
| style="border-top: 2px solid #000000;"|0
| style="border-top: 2px solid #000000;"|1
| style="border-top: 2px solid #000000;"|½
| style="border-top: 2px solid #000000;"|1
| style="border-top: 2px solid #000000;"|0
| style="border-top: 2px solid #000000;"|½
| style="border-top: 2px solid #000000;"|1
| style="border-top: 2px solid #000000;"|-
| style="border-top: 2px solid #000000;"|0
| style="border-top: 2px solid #000000;"|1
| style="border-top: 2px solid #000000;"|½
| style="border-top: 2px solid #000000;"|1
| style="border-top: 2px solid #000000;"|½
| style="border-top: 2px solid #000000;"|1
| style="border-top: 2px solid #000000;"|0
| style="border-top: 2px solid #000000;"|8
|-
|10
| style="text-align:left;" data-sort-value="Liêm" | [[Lê Quang Liêm]]
|2709
|½
|1
|0
|½
|0
|½
|0
|0
|1
| -
| ½
|½
|1
|1
|1
|½
|8
|-
|11
| style="text-align:left;" data-sort-value="Ding" | [[Ding Liren]]
|2791
|½
|½
| ½
|½
|½
|1
|½
|½
|0
|½
| -
|½
|1
|½
|½
|0
|7,5
|-
|12
| style="text-align:left;" data-sort-value="Vidit" | [[Santosh Gujrathi Vidit|Vidit Gujrathi]]
|2726
|0
|½
|½
|½
|0
|½
| ½
|0
|½
|½
|½
| -
|1
|1
|0
|½
|6,5
|-
|13
| style="text-align:left;" data-sort-value="Guijarro" | [[David Antón Guijarro]]
|2675
|0
|0
|½
|1
|½
|1
|0
|½
|0
|0
|0
|0
| -
|1
| 1
|1
|6,5
|-
|14
| style="text-align:left;" data-sort-value="Svidler" | [[Pjotr Weniaminowitsch Swidler|Peter Svidler]]
|2723
|½
|½
|½
|0
|½
|½
|1
| ½
|½
|0
|½
|0
|0
| -
|½
|½
|6
|-
|15
| style="text-align:left;" data-sort-value="Karjakin" | [[Sergei Alexandrowitsch Karjakin|Sergei Karjakin]]
|2752
|1
|0
|½
|½
|0
|0
|½
|0
|0
|0
|½
| 1
|0
|½
| -
|1
|5,5
|-
|16
| style="text-align:left;" data-sort-value="Duda" | [[Jan-Krzysztof Duda]]
|2743
|0
|½
|0
|½
|0
|0
|0
|½
|1
|½
|1
|½
| 0
|½
|0
| -
|4,5
|}
The first 8 players were qualified for the quarter-finals. In the event of a tie, the order was decided by points evaluation.
=== Play-offs ===
The play-offs took place from November 25th to November 30th.
<nowiki>*</nowiki>These players each prevailed in the tie-breaker.
== Weblinks ==
[https://ift.tt/33tWdmk Offizielle Internetseite der Skilling Open]
[https://ift.tt/2VlobMp Offizielle Internetseite der Champions Chess Tour 2021]
== Einzelnachweise ==
<references />
[[Kategorie:Schachturnier]]
[[Kategorie:Sportveranstaltung im Internet]]
[[Kategorie:Schachveranstaltung 2020]]
The Skilling Open was an online [[rapid chess]] tournament that took place from November 22nd to November 30th, 2020. It was the first tournament of the [[Champions Chess Tour 2021]]. American [[Wesley So]] defeated the reigning World Chess Champion, Norwegian [[Magnus Carlsen]], on the latter's 30th birthday to secure the first prize of US$30,000.
== Coverage ==
The tournament was broadcast free of charge on [[Chess24.com]] and featured commentary in ten languages.<ref> Skilling Open Prelims 2020|periodical=|publisher=|url=https://chess24.com/de/watch/live-tournaments/champions-chess-tour-skilling-open-2020-prelims/1/1/1|url-status=|format=|access-date=|archive-url=|archive-date=|last=|date=|year=|language=de|pages=|quote=}}</ref>
== Stakes ==
Prize money of US$100,000 was awarded for the tournament, of which the winner received $30,000.
== Participants ==
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center;"
!Nr.
!Name
!Classic [[Elo rating system|ELO rating]]<br />(November 2020)
!Classic World Ranking<br />(November 2020)
|-
|1
| style="text-align:left;" data-sort-value="Carlsen" | [[Magnus Carlsen]]
|2862
|1
|-
|2
| style="text-align:left;" data-sort-value="Ding" | [[Ding Liren]]
|2791
|3
|-
|3
| style="text-align:left;" data-sort-value="Nepomnjaschtschi" | [[Jan Alexandrowitsch Nepomnjaschtschi|Jan Nepomnjaschtschi]]
|2784
|4
|-
|4
| style="text-align:left;" data-sort-value="Giri" | [[Anish Giri]]
|2764
|11
|-
|5
| style="text-align:left;" data-sort-value="So" | [[Wesley So]]
|2770
|9
|-
|6
| style="text-align:left;" data-sort-value="Vidit" | [[Santosh Gujrathi Vidit|Vidit Gujrathi]]
|2726
|25
|-
|7
| style="text-align:left;" data-sort-value="Svidler" | [[Pjotr Weniaminowitsch Swidler|Peter Svidler]]
|2723
|26
|-
|8
| style="text-align:left;" data-sort-value="Radjabov" | [[Teymur Rəcəbov|Teimour Radjabov]]
|2765
|10
|-
|9
| style="text-align:left;" data-sort-value="Nakamura" | [[Hikaru Nakamura]]
|2736
|20
|-
|10
| style="text-align:left;" data-sort-value="Liêm" | [[Lê Quang Liêm]]
|2709
|31
|-
|11
| style="text-align:left;" data-sort-value="Karjakin" | [[Sergei Alexandrowitsch Karjakin|Sergei Karjakin]]
|2752
|17
|-
|12
| style="text-align:left;" data-sort-value="Duda" | [[Jan-Krzysztof Duda]]
|2743
|19
|-
|13
| style="text-align:left;" data-sort-value="Aronian" | [[Lewon Aronjan|Levon Aronian]]
|2781
|6
|-
|14
| style="text-align:left;" data-sort-value="Vachier" | [[Maxime Vachier-Lagrave]]
|2784
|5
|-
|15
| style="text-align:left;" data-sort-value="Guijarro" | [[David Antón Guijarro]]
|2675
|62
|-
|16
| style="text-align:left;" data-sort-value="Firouzja" |(FIDE) [[Alireza Firouzja]]
|2749
|18
|}
== Results ==
=== Preliminary round ===
The preliminary round took place from November 22nd to November 24th.
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;"
!
!Teilnehmer
!ELO
!01
!02
!03
!04
!05
!06
!07
!08
!09
!10
!11
!12
!13
!14
!15
!16
!Punkte
|-
|01
| style="text-align:left;" data-sort-value="Carlsen" | [[Magnus Carlsen]]
|2862
| -
|½
|½
|0
|½
|1
|½
|½
|1
|½
|½
|1
|1
|½
|0
|1
|9
|-
|02
| style="text-align:left;" data-sort-value="Nakamura" | [[Hikaru Nakamura]]
|2736
|½
| -
|½
|1
|½
|½
|½
|½
|1
| 0
|½
|½
|1
|½
|1
|½
|9
|-
|03
| style="text-align:left;" data-sort-value="So" | [[Wesley So]]
|2770
|½
|½
| -
|½
|1
| ½
|½
|½
|0
|1
|½
|½
|½
|½
|½
|1
|8,5
|-
|04
| style="text-align:left;" data-sort-value="Nepomnjaschtschi" | [[Jan Alexandrowitsch Nepomnjaschtschi|Jan Nepomnjaschtschi]]
|2784
|1
|0
|½
| -
|½
|1
|½
|½
|½
|½
|½
|½
|0
|1
|½
|½
|8,5
|-
|05
| style="text-align:left;" data-sort-value="Aronian" | [[Lewon Aronjan|Levon Aronian]]
|2781
|½
|½
|0
|½
| -
|0
|½
|1
|0
|1
|½
|1
|½
|½
|1
|1
|8,5
|-
|06
| style="text-align:left;" data-sort-value="Radjabov" | [[Teymur Rəcəbov|Teimour Radjabov]]
|2765
|0
|½
|½
|0
|1
| -
|1
|½
| 1
|½
|0
|½
|0
|½
|1
|1
|8
|-
|07
| style="text-align:left;" data-sort-value="Vachier" | [[Maxime Vachier-Lagrave]]
|2784
|½
|½
|½
|½
|½
|0
| -
|½
|½
|1
|½
|½
|1
| 0
|½
|1
|8
|-
|08
| style="text-align:left;" data-sort-value="Giri" | [[Anish Giri]]
|2764
|½
|½
|½
|½
| 0
|½
|½
| -
|0
|1
|½
|1
|½
|½
|1
|½
|8
|-
| style="border-top: 2px solid #000000;"| 09
| style="text-align:left; border-top: 2px solid #000000;" data-sort-value="Firouzja" |(FIDE) [[Alireza Firouzja]]
| style="border-top: 2px solid #000000;"|2749
| style="border-top: 2px solid #000000;"|0
| style="border-top: 2px solid #000000;"|0
| style="border-top: 2px solid #000000;"|1
| style="border-top: 2px solid #000000;"|½
| style="border-top: 2px solid #000000;"|1
| style="border-top: 2px solid #000000;"|0
| style="border-top: 2px solid #000000;"|½
| style="border-top: 2px solid #000000;"|1
| style="border-top: 2px solid #000000;"|-
| style="border-top: 2px solid #000000;"|0
| style="border-top: 2px solid #000000;"|1
| style="border-top: 2px solid #000000;"|½
| style="border-top: 2px solid #000000;"|1
| style="border-top: 2px solid #000000;"|½
| style="border-top: 2px solid #000000;"|1
| style="border-top: 2px solid #000000;"|0
| style="border-top: 2px solid #000000;"|8
|-
|10
| style="text-align:left;" data-sort-value="Liêm" | [[Lê Quang Liêm]]
|2709
|½
|1
|0
|½
|0
|½
|0
|0
|1
| -
| ½
|½
|1
|1
|1
|½
|8
|-
|11
| style="text-align:left;" data-sort-value="Ding" | [[Ding Liren]]
|2791
|½
|½
| ½
|½
|½
|1
|½
|½
|0
|½
| -
|½
|1
|½
|½
|0
|7,5
|-
|12
| style="text-align:left;" data-sort-value="Vidit" | [[Santosh Gujrathi Vidit|Vidit Gujrathi]]
|2726
|0
|½
|½
|½
|0
|½
| ½
|0
|½
|½
|½
| -
|1
|1
|0
|½
|6,5
|-
|13
| style="text-align:left;" data-sort-value="Guijarro" | [[David Antón Guijarro]]
|2675
|0
|0
|½
|1
|½
|1
|0
|½
|0
|0
|0
|0
| -
|1
| 1
|1
|6,5
|-
|14
| style="text-align:left;" data-sort-value="Svidler" | [[Pjotr Weniaminowitsch Swidler|Peter Svidler]]
|2723
|½
|½
|½
|0
|½
|½
|1
| ½
|½
|0
|½
|0
|0
| -
|½
|½
|6
|-
|15
| style="text-align:left;" data-sort-value="Karjakin" | [[Sergei Alexandrowitsch Karjakin|Sergei Karjakin]]
|2752
|1
|0
|½
|½
|0
|0
|½
|0
|0
|0
|½
| 1
|0
|½
| -
|1
|5,5
|-
|16
| style="text-align:left;" data-sort-value="Duda" | [[Jan-Krzysztof Duda]]
|2743
|0
|½
|0
|½
|0
|0
|0
|½
|1
|½
|1
|½
| 0
|½
|0
| -
|4,5
|}
The first 8 players were qualified for the quarter-finals. In the event of a tie, the order was decided by points evaluation.
=== Play-offs ===
The play-offs took place from November 25th to November 30th.
<nowiki>*</nowiki>These players each prevailed in the tie-breaker.
== Weblinks ==
[https://ift.tt/33tWdmk Offizielle Internetseite der Skilling Open]
[https://ift.tt/2VlobMp Offizielle Internetseite der Champions Chess Tour 2021]
== Einzelnachweise ==
<references />
[[Kategorie:Schachturnier]]
[[Kategorie:Sportveranstaltung im Internet]]
[[Kategorie:Schachveranstaltung 2020]]
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John Powers (journalist)
Drcraiglambert: deleted needless ddetails
John Leonard Powers (born November 6, 1948) is a journalist and author who wrote for ''The Boston Globe'' for more than four decades in the Sports, Metro, Sunday, Magazine and Living departments and later became a freelance correspondent for the newspaper. Many sportswriters consider him the dean of Olympic journalists; he has covered every Olympic Games (summer and winter) since 1976 [1], excepting the 1980 Moscow Games, when the U.S. boycott led the Russians to refuse to issue a visa. He may well have reported from more Olympics than any American sportswriter. Powers was part of a highly regarded sportswriting team at the ''Globe.'' “From the mid-1970s to the early '80s,” ''Sports Illustrated'' wrote in 2009, “the ''Globe'' contained arguably the greatest collection of reporting talent ever assembled in a sports section…” [2] Powers has written or co-authored 11 books.
'''Biography'''
'''Early life and education'''
Born in Cambridge, Massachusetts, the first child of a Boston policeman, Powers graduated in 1966 from Boston Latin School. He earned an A.B. cum laude from Harvard in 1970 and, while there, wrote for the sports section of ''The Harvard Crimson'' student newspaper. From 1970 to 1972, Powers served as a U.S. Navy line officer aboard an aircraft carrier, the USS Franklin D. Roosevelt.
'''Career'''
Besides covering the Olympics, Powers written about nearly all major sports, and has expertise in specialized disciplines such as rowing. He has reported from five men's and two women's soccer World Cups, and filed stories from five continents. Powers has led ''The Boston Globe’''s coverage of the Boston Marathon and covered that event for nearly five decades.
'''Personal life'''
Powers married Elaine LePage in 1974. They have two sons, Jonathan and Evan, and three grandchildren. The family lived for many years in Wellesley, Massachusetts, until moving to Brewster, Massachusetts, on Cape Cod.
'''Honors and awards
'''
Powers shared the 1983 Pulitzer Prize for National Reporting for a special issue of ''The Boston Globe Sunday Magazine'' titled “War and Peace in the Nuclear Age.” [3][4]
In 2011,Powers received the Boston Athletic Association’s Will Cloney Award, presented to an individual who has promoted the sport of running, especially locally.[5]
Powers was a Poynter Fellow at Yale University.
'''Bibliography'''
''The Short Season: A Boston Celtics Diary, 1977-78''. HarperCollins, 1979. 978-0060134518
''Yankees: An Illustrated History'' (with George Sullivan). Prentice Hall, 1982. ISBN 978-0139718120
''One Goal: A Chronicle of the 1980 U.S. Olympic Hockey Team'' (with Arthur C. Kaminsky). HarperCollins, 1984. ISBN 978-0060152000
''Mary Lou: Creating an Olympic Champion'' (with Mary Lou Retton). McGraw-Hill, 1985. ISBN 978-0440155089 [6]
''Seasons to Remember: The Way It Was in American Sports, 1945-60'' (with Curt Gowdy). HarperCollins, 1993. ISBN 978-0060182281
''The Boston Handbook'' (with illustrator Peter Wallace). On Cape Publications, 1999. ISBN 978-0975850275
''The Boston Dictionary'' (with illustrator Peter Wallace). On Cape Publications, 2004. ISBN 978-0971954700
''Fenway Park: A Salute to the Coolest, Cruelest, Longest-Running Major League Baseball Stadium in America'' (with Ron Driscoll). Running Press Adult, 2012. ISBN 978-0762442041
''The Third H Book of Harvard Athletics'' (with John Veneziano). Harvard Varsity Club, 2014.
''The Head of the Charles Regatta: First 50'' Head of the Charles Regatta, 2015. ISBN 978-0692458570 [7]
''Fridays with Bill: Inside the Football Mind of Bill Belichick'' Thorndike Books, 2018. ISBN 978-1629376295
'''References'''
1. “The Olympics, via Powers,” ''Harvard Magazine''. July 30, 2012.
2. Scott Tinley, “Glory days of The Boston Globe: the greatest sports staff ever,” ''Sports Illustrated,'' June 3, 2009.
3. “Sketches of Pulitzer Prize Winners; Public Service,” ''The New York Times,'' April 19, 1983.
4. https://ift.tt/3fRREah
5. Duncan Larkin, “Jock Semple and Will Cloney Award Winners Named,” ''Competitor Running,'' December 9, 2011.
6. Grace Lichtenstein, “Mary Lou Retton: A Perfect Ten,” ''Washington Post,'' October 6, 1985.
7. Oli Rosenbladt, “Sportswriter John Powers of the Boston Globe,” ''Row 2k,'' November 4, 2015.
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American People’s Union Party
Geographyben:
The American People’s Union Party is a minor political party in the United States that was formed in 2019.
Colors: [[White]], [[Saffron (color)|Saffron]]
Founded: 2019
Ideologies:
[[Longism]]
[[New Federalism]]
[[Cooperative|Cooperativism]]
[[Nationalism]]
[[Populism]]
[[Agrarianism]]
Positions:
Social: Center-right to Right
Fiscal: Left to Center-Left
The Party was founded in 2019, and is based predominantly in the [[Southern United States|Southern]] U.S.
Their manifesto was completed in late 2020, and published to attract new members:
''The elites. Them. We know who they are. They’ve failed us. The Democratic and Republican parties have failed us. The system failed us. Washington and Wall Street and Silicon Valley — they all failed us. They went to Davos and we went deeper into debt.''
''We’re bringing back American industrial and agricultural might. We want roads, not apps. We want mom-and-pops, not blogs. We’re going to make things again and we’re going to make them with our hands — town by town, store by store, brick by brick. We will tax tech and finance, provide health care for all of us, and put America first. We’re going back to work. And back to the glory days.''
''Say no to creative-class Democrats and corporatist Republicans and say yes to the American People’s Union Party. More for us again!''
''We propose an “Amazon tax” on all e-commerce websites to incorporate all the taxes brick-and-mortar stores must pay and a “Capital One tax” on credit card companies that have driven so many decent Americans into bankruptcy. The revenue from these taxes will provide subsidies to small businesses to help rebuild small-town America.''
''Wages for the middle and lower classes have stagnated over the past 40 years while incomes for the top 1 percent have soared.''
''We also propose an immediate investment to rebuild roads, bridges, schools, rail systems, and airports.''
''We will build a new network of publicly subsidized trade schools to train Americans in welding, manufacturing, farming, mechanical repairs, and more.''
''We will refine Medicare to offer health insurance coverage to all working Americans, their spouses, and their children. American workers are at their best when they are healthy and not fighting insurance and pharmaceutical companies. We will pay for this necessary coverage through a tax on Wall Street trading.''
''We will reform welfare by excluding “free-loaders” so we can use those extra funds to extend the support for the impoverished, disabled, and elderly.''
''We advocate for free higher education at public in-state colleges and universities and for increased opportunities for vocational training and trade schools.''
''We will implement pensions for the elderly, and sufficient veterans benefits.''
Colors: [[White]], [[Saffron (color)|Saffron]]
Founded: 2019
Ideologies:
[[Longism]]
[[New Federalism]]
[[Cooperative|Cooperativism]]
[[Nationalism]]
[[Populism]]
[[Agrarianism]]
Positions:
Social: Center-right to Right
Fiscal: Left to Center-Left
The Party was founded in 2019, and is based predominantly in the [[Southern United States|Southern]] U.S.
Their manifesto was completed in late 2020, and published to attract new members:
''The elites. Them. We know who they are. They’ve failed us. The Democratic and Republican parties have failed us. The system failed us. Washington and Wall Street and Silicon Valley — they all failed us. They went to Davos and we went deeper into debt.''
''We’re bringing back American industrial and agricultural might. We want roads, not apps. We want mom-and-pops, not blogs. We’re going to make things again and we’re going to make them with our hands — town by town, store by store, brick by brick. We will tax tech and finance, provide health care for all of us, and put America first. We’re going back to work. And back to the glory days.''
''Say no to creative-class Democrats and corporatist Republicans and say yes to the American People’s Union Party. More for us again!''
''We propose an “Amazon tax” on all e-commerce websites to incorporate all the taxes brick-and-mortar stores must pay and a “Capital One tax” on credit card companies that have driven so many decent Americans into bankruptcy. The revenue from these taxes will provide subsidies to small businesses to help rebuild small-town America.''
''Wages for the middle and lower classes have stagnated over the past 40 years while incomes for the top 1 percent have soared.''
''We also propose an immediate investment to rebuild roads, bridges, schools, rail systems, and airports.''
''We will build a new network of publicly subsidized trade schools to train Americans in welding, manufacturing, farming, mechanical repairs, and more.''
''We will refine Medicare to offer health insurance coverage to all working Americans, their spouses, and their children. American workers are at their best when they are healthy and not fighting insurance and pharmaceutical companies. We will pay for this necessary coverage through a tax on Wall Street trading.''
''We will reform welfare by excluding “free-loaders” so we can use those extra funds to extend the support for the impoverished, disabled, and elderly.''
''We advocate for free higher education at public in-state colleges and universities and for increased opportunities for vocational training and trade schools.''
''We will implement pensions for the elderly, and sufficient veterans benefits.''
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Seraphim (Glushakov)
Pesqara: /* Biography */
'''Seraphim''', born '''Fiodor Michajłowicz Głuszakow''' ([[Karaganda]], 19 March 1969 – [[Samara]], 9 June 2020) was a [[Russian]] Orthodox prelate, who served as [[Eparchies and Metropolitanates of the Russian Orthodox Church|Bishop of Anadyr' and Chukotka]] from 2011 to 2015.<ref>[https://ift.tt/3qf3fVF ЖУРНАЛЫ заседания Священного Синода от 24 декабря 2015 года]</ref>
==Biography==
He was born in 1969 in Karaganda into an Orthodox family, exiled to [[Kazakhstan]] during the repressions of the 1930s. In 1986 he graduated from a secondary school and entered the Moscow Theological Seminary. After graduation, he entered the Holy Dormition Pskov-Pechersky Monastery as a novice. In 1992 he graduated from the Kuibyshev State Pedagogical Institute. On February 16, 1992, he was ordained a deacon by Archbishop Proclus of Ulyanovsk and Melekess. On July 5, 1992, he was ordained a presbyter by Archbishop Eusebius of Samara and Syzran and appointed rector of the Resurrection Cathedral under construction in the city of Samara, which was consecrated in 1993. In the 1990s, the Resurrection Cathedral became the first Orthodox church on the working-class outskirts of Samara - Bezymyanka. Under the leadership of Głuszakow, the building of the Resurrection Cathedral itself was reconstructed and significantly expanded, the adjacent territory being improved.<ref>[https://ift.tt/2Vmb8dK Часовня во имя благоверного князя Димитрия Донского]</ref>
On June 23, 1998, with the blessing of Archbishop Sergius of Samara and Syzran, he took monastic vows. By Easter 2000 he was elevated to the rank of [[hegumen]]. In 2002, he graduated from the Moscow Theological Academy with a PhD in Theology; he supervised two diocesan commissions of the Samara diocese (for external relations and for monasteries). On October 6, 2003, by the decision of the Holy Synod, the Resurrection Cathedral was transformed into the Resurrection Monastery, and Abbot Seraphim was appointed the abbot of this monastery.<ref>[https://ift.tt/3lw4n3O Утвержден наместник Свято-Воскресенского монастыря г. Самары]</ref><ref>[https://ift.tt/3mkQqqq Утвержден наместник Свято-Воскресенского монастыря Самары]</ref><ref>[https://ift.tt/3mtnQ6u Журналы заседания Священного Синода от 6 октября 2003 года]</ref>
In 2004, he graduated with honors from the Law Faculty of the Stolypin Volga Academy of Public Administration. He taught at the Samara Theological Seminary and the Samara State Economic University. By Easter 2010, he was elevated to the rank of [[archimandrite]].
On March 22, 2011, by decision of the Holy Synod, he was elected Bishop of the Resurrection, vicar of the Moscow diocese. On May 21, the day of the Council of New Martyrs, Patriarch Kirill led the rite of naming Archimandrite Seraphim (Glushakov) as Bishop of the Resurrection in the Church of the New Martyrs and Confessors of Russia. On May 22, at the Transfiguration Cathedral of the Nikolo-Ugreshsky Monastery, he was consecrated Bishop of the Resurrection, Vicar of the Moscow Diocese. The consecration was performed by the Patriarch of Moscow and All Russia Kirill, Metropolitan of Krutitsky and Kolomna Yuvenaly (Poyarkov), Archbishop Proklus (Khazov) of Simbirsk and Melekess, Archbishop Sergius of Samara and Syzran (Poletkin), Archbishop of Istra Arseny of Istra (Kipyarov), Archbishop Eugene of Vereya (Reshetnikov), Archbishop of Sergiev Posad Feognost (Guzikov), Bishop of Penza and Kuznetsk Veniamin (Zaritsky), Bishop of Solnechnogorsk Sergiy (Chashin), Bishop of Elistinsky and Kalmytsky Zinovy.<ref>[https://ift.tt/3g4zKBr Избраны викарные епископы Московской и Екатеринодарской епархий]</ref><ref>[https://ift.tt/3lrdkLo Святейший Патриарх Кирилл возглавил чин наречения архимандрита Серафима (Глушакова) во епископа Воскресенского, викария Московской епархии]</ref><ref>[https://ift.tt/3mtnQDw Предстоятель Русской Церкви возглавил хиротонию архимандрита Серафима (Глушакова) во епископа Воскресенского, викария Московской епархии]</ref>
On May 30, 2011 by decision of the Holy Synod he was appointed Bishop of Anadyr and Chukotka. On July 27, 2011, by the decision of the Holy Synod, he was relieved of his duties as the governor of the Resurrection Monastery in Samara.<ref>[https://ift.tt/3mrdCTU В пределах Красноярского края создана Енисейская епархия]</ref>
From 12 to 23 December 2011, he attended a two-week advanced training course for newly elected bishops of the Russian Orthodox Church in the general church postgraduate and doctoral studies named after Saints Equal to the Apostles Cyril and Methodius.<ref>[https://ift.tt/3mtnQU2 ЖУРНАЛЫ заседания Священного Синода от 27 июля 2011 года]</ref><ref>[https://ift.tt/2JmWyAh Митрополит Волоколамский Иларион вручил удостоверения о повышении квалификации 17 слушателям архиерейских курсов]</ref>
On December 24, 2015, the Holy Synod, having discussed the state of affairs in the Anadyr and Chukotka dioceses, ordained Bishop Seraphim to retirement and sent him at the disposal of Metropolitan Sergius of Samara and Syzran, having designated Samara as his place of residence.<ref>[https://ift.tt/3qf3fVF ЖУРНАЛЫ заседания Священного Синода от 24 декабря 2015 года]</ref>
He died on June 9, 2020 in a hospital in Samara, from [[COVID-19]], at the age of 51. On June 11, 2020, a funeral service for Bishop Seraphim took place at the Resurrection Monastery in Samara, headed by Metropolitan Sergius of Samara and Novokuibyshevsk (Poletkin), who was co-served by Bishop Sophrony of Kinelsk and Bezenchuksk, Bishop of Otradnensk and Pokhvistriki Metropolitan Narikhvistnevskiy Narikhvistriki.<ref>[https://ift.tt/3lruVTD Скончался епископ Серафим (Глушаков)]</ref><ref>[https://ift.tt/2Vnyxvc Преставился бывший глава Анадырской епархии епископ Серафим (Глушаков)]</ref><ref>[https://ift.tt/39C4Xua ПАНДЕМИЯ КАК ВОЗВРАЩЕНИЕ В ЦЕРКОВЬ]</ref><ref>[https://ift.tt/2JoE1U3 Пятый митрополит РПЦ умер от коронавирусной инфекции]</ref>
==References==
<references/>
==External links==
* [https://ift.tt/1FOGYoC Серафим, епископ (Глушаков Федор Михайлович)]
[[Category:1969 births]]
[[Category:2020 deaths]]
[[Category:Bishops of the Russian Orthodox Church]]
[[Category:Russian Orthodox clergy]]
[[Category:Russian bishops]]
[[Category:Deaths from the COVID-19 pandemic in Russia]]
[[pl:Serafin (Głuszakow)]]
[[ru:Серафим (Глушаков)]]
==Biography==
He was born in 1969 in Karaganda into an Orthodox family, exiled to [[Kazakhstan]] during the repressions of the 1930s. In 1986 he graduated from a secondary school and entered the Moscow Theological Seminary. After graduation, he entered the Holy Dormition Pskov-Pechersky Monastery as a novice. In 1992 he graduated from the Kuibyshev State Pedagogical Institute. On February 16, 1992, he was ordained a deacon by Archbishop Proclus of Ulyanovsk and Melekess. On July 5, 1992, he was ordained a presbyter by Archbishop Eusebius of Samara and Syzran and appointed rector of the Resurrection Cathedral under construction in the city of Samara, which was consecrated in 1993. In the 1990s, the Resurrection Cathedral became the first Orthodox church on the working-class outskirts of Samara - Bezymyanka. Under the leadership of Głuszakow, the building of the Resurrection Cathedral itself was reconstructed and significantly expanded, the adjacent territory being improved.<ref>[https://ift.tt/2Vmb8dK Часовня во имя благоверного князя Димитрия Донского]</ref>
On June 23, 1998, with the blessing of Archbishop Sergius of Samara and Syzran, he took monastic vows. By Easter 2000 he was elevated to the rank of [[hegumen]]. In 2002, he graduated from the Moscow Theological Academy with a PhD in Theology; he supervised two diocesan commissions of the Samara diocese (for external relations and for monasteries). On October 6, 2003, by the decision of the Holy Synod, the Resurrection Cathedral was transformed into the Resurrection Monastery, and Abbot Seraphim was appointed the abbot of this monastery.<ref>[https://ift.tt/3lw4n3O Утвержден наместник Свято-Воскресенского монастыря г. Самары]</ref><ref>[https://ift.tt/3mkQqqq Утвержден наместник Свято-Воскресенского монастыря Самары]</ref><ref>[https://ift.tt/3mtnQ6u Журналы заседания Священного Синода от 6 октября 2003 года]</ref>
In 2004, he graduated with honors from the Law Faculty of the Stolypin Volga Academy of Public Administration. He taught at the Samara Theological Seminary and the Samara State Economic University. By Easter 2010, he was elevated to the rank of [[archimandrite]].
On March 22, 2011, by decision of the Holy Synod, he was elected Bishop of the Resurrection, vicar of the Moscow diocese. On May 21, the day of the Council of New Martyrs, Patriarch Kirill led the rite of naming Archimandrite Seraphim (Glushakov) as Bishop of the Resurrection in the Church of the New Martyrs and Confessors of Russia. On May 22, at the Transfiguration Cathedral of the Nikolo-Ugreshsky Monastery, he was consecrated Bishop of the Resurrection, Vicar of the Moscow Diocese. The consecration was performed by the Patriarch of Moscow and All Russia Kirill, Metropolitan of Krutitsky and Kolomna Yuvenaly (Poyarkov), Archbishop Proklus (Khazov) of Simbirsk and Melekess, Archbishop Sergius of Samara and Syzran (Poletkin), Archbishop of Istra Arseny of Istra (Kipyarov), Archbishop Eugene of Vereya (Reshetnikov), Archbishop of Sergiev Posad Feognost (Guzikov), Bishop of Penza and Kuznetsk Veniamin (Zaritsky), Bishop of Solnechnogorsk Sergiy (Chashin), Bishop of Elistinsky and Kalmytsky Zinovy.<ref>[https://ift.tt/3g4zKBr Избраны викарные епископы Московской и Екатеринодарской епархий]</ref><ref>[https://ift.tt/3lrdkLo Святейший Патриарх Кирилл возглавил чин наречения архимандрита Серафима (Глушакова) во епископа Воскресенского, викария Московской епархии]</ref><ref>[https://ift.tt/3mtnQDw Предстоятель Русской Церкви возглавил хиротонию архимандрита Серафима (Глушакова) во епископа Воскресенского, викария Московской епархии]</ref>
On May 30, 2011 by decision of the Holy Synod he was appointed Bishop of Anadyr and Chukotka. On July 27, 2011, by the decision of the Holy Synod, he was relieved of his duties as the governor of the Resurrection Monastery in Samara.<ref>[https://ift.tt/3mrdCTU В пределах Красноярского края создана Енисейская епархия]</ref>
From 12 to 23 December 2011, he attended a two-week advanced training course for newly elected bishops of the Russian Orthodox Church in the general church postgraduate and doctoral studies named after Saints Equal to the Apostles Cyril and Methodius.<ref>[https://ift.tt/3mtnQU2 ЖУРНАЛЫ заседания Священного Синода от 27 июля 2011 года]</ref><ref>[https://ift.tt/2JmWyAh Митрополит Волоколамский Иларион вручил удостоверения о повышении квалификации 17 слушателям архиерейских курсов]</ref>
On December 24, 2015, the Holy Synod, having discussed the state of affairs in the Anadyr and Chukotka dioceses, ordained Bishop Seraphim to retirement and sent him at the disposal of Metropolitan Sergius of Samara and Syzran, having designated Samara as his place of residence.<ref>[https://ift.tt/3qf3fVF ЖУРНАЛЫ заседания Священного Синода от 24 декабря 2015 года]</ref>
He died on June 9, 2020 in a hospital in Samara, from [[COVID-19]], at the age of 51. On June 11, 2020, a funeral service for Bishop Seraphim took place at the Resurrection Monastery in Samara, headed by Metropolitan Sergius of Samara and Novokuibyshevsk (Poletkin), who was co-served by Bishop Sophrony of Kinelsk and Bezenchuksk, Bishop of Otradnensk and Pokhvistriki Metropolitan Narikhvistnevskiy Narikhvistriki.<ref>[https://ift.tt/3lruVTD Скончался епископ Серафим (Глушаков)]</ref><ref>[https://ift.tt/2Vnyxvc Преставился бывший глава Анадырской епархии епископ Серафим (Глушаков)]</ref><ref>[https://ift.tt/39C4Xua ПАНДЕМИЯ КАК ВОЗВРАЩЕНИЕ В ЦЕРКОВЬ]</ref><ref>[https://ift.tt/2JoE1U3 Пятый митрополит РПЦ умер от коронавирусной инфекции]</ref>
==References==
<references/>
==External links==
* [https://ift.tt/1FOGYoC Серафим, епископ (Глушаков Федор Михайлович)]
[[Category:1969 births]]
[[Category:2020 deaths]]
[[Category:Bishops of the Russian Orthodox Church]]
[[Category:Russian Orthodox clergy]]
[[Category:Russian bishops]]
[[Category:Deaths from the COVID-19 pandemic in Russia]]
[[pl:Serafin (Głuszakow)]]
[[ru:Серафим (Глушаков)]]
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High Tide (2020 film)
DotCampbell:
High Tide is an Argentinean drama that premiered at the [[2020 Sundance Film Festival]].<ref></ref> It is directed by Veronica Chen and is about a middle-aged woman and the laborers who help build her barbeque pit.<ref>Liquid error: wrong number of arguments (given 2, expected 1)</ref> It plays on working-class vs upper-class and feminist conflict at a seaside vacation setting.<ref></ref><ref> Festivals & Awards Roger Ebert|url=https://www.rogerebert.com/festivals/sundance-2020-high-tide-summer-white|access-date=2020-12-01|website=https://www.rogerebert.com/|language=en}}</ref> Its worldwide distribution rights were acquired by Buenos-Aires based FilmSharks.<ref>Liquid error: wrong number of arguments (given 2, expected 1)</ref> It runs for 103 minutes.
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Blast Beat (film)
DotCampbell:
Blast Beat is an American film that premiered on January 26, 2020 at the [[2020 Sundance Film Festival]]. <ref></ref> It is a coming of age film written and directed by Estaban about 2 Colombian brothers in the USA in 2000.<ref>Liquid error: wrong number of arguments (given 1, expected 2)</ref> It runs for 105 minutesand was acquired by Sony Pictures for distribution. It is in English and Spanish with English subtitles. There is a lot of "metal culture" and dancing in the film.<ref>Liquid error: wrong number of arguments (given 1, expected 2)</ref><ref> Sundance Film Festival 2020|url=https://www.latimes.com/sundance-blast-beat-abcs-123|access-date=2020-11-30|website=Los Angeles Times|language=en-US}}</ref> It competed in the Sundance Dramatic Competition.<ref> Sundance 2020 Hollywood Reporter|url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/review/blast-beat-sundance-2020-1271528|access-date=2020-11-30|website=www.hollywoodreporter.com}}</ref>
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Islands' Sounder
Szczurekn: Started a draft for Islands' Sounder
'''General'''
* Editor: Colleen Smith Armstrong<ref>Liquid error: wrong number of arguments (given 1, expected 2)</ref>
* Founded as The Orcas Sounder in 1964 by Al and Nickee Magnuson <ref>Liquid error: wrong number of arguments (given 1, expected 2)</ref>
* Location: San Juan County, WA
'''History'''
* 1964: Founded by Al and Nickee Magnuson
* 1974: Renamed Islands' Sounder
* 1985: Sold to Ted and Kay Grossman
** Moved to subscriber format
* 1994: Bought by Sound Publishing, inc.
* Editor: Colleen Smith Armstrong<ref>Liquid error: wrong number of arguments (given 1, expected 2)</ref>
* Founded as The Orcas Sounder in 1964 by Al and Nickee Magnuson <ref>Liquid error: wrong number of arguments (given 1, expected 2)</ref>
* Location: San Juan County, WA
'''History'''
* 1964: Founded by Al and Nickee Magnuson
* 1974: Renamed Islands' Sounder
* 1985: Sold to Ted and Kay Grossman
** Moved to subscriber format
* 1994: Bought by Sound Publishing, inc.
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Senator Clemens (disambiguation)
BD2412: /* See also */ *Senator Clements (disambiguation)
'''[[Jeremiah Clemens]]''' (1814–1865) was a U.S. Senator from Alabama from 1849 to 1853. '''Senator Clemens''' may also refer to:
*[[Dan Clemens]] (1945–2019), Missouri State Senate
*[[Jeff Clemens]] (born 1970), Florida State Senate
==See also==
*[[Senator Clements (disambiguation)]]
*[[A. C. Clemons]] (1921–1992), Louisiana State Senate
*[[Dan Clemens]] (1945–2019), Missouri State Senate
*[[Jeff Clemens]] (born 1970), Florida State Senate
==See also==
*[[Senator Clements (disambiguation)]]
*[[A. C. Clemons]] (1921–1992), Louisiana State Senate
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Sunday, November 29, 2020
Bara 4
SimulationWig:
'''Bara 4''' is the parliamentary constituency of [[Bara District]] in [[Nepal]]. This constituency came into existence on the Constituency Delimitation Commission (CDC) report submitted on 31 August 2017.<ref></ref>
== Incorporated areas ==
Bara 4 incorporates [[Parawanipur Rural Municipality|Parwanipur Rural Municipality]], [[Prasauni|Prasauni Rural Municipality]], [[Bishrampur Rural Municipality]], ward 17 of [[Kalaiya|Kalaiya Sub-metropolitan City]], wards 1–4 of [[Pheta, Bara|Pheta Rural Municipality]], and wards 1–10 and 19–24 of [[Jitpur Simara|Jitpur Simara Sub-metropolitan City]].
== Assembly segments ==
It encompasses the following [[Provincial Assembly of Province No. 2|Province No. 2 Provincial Assembly]] segment
* Bara 4(A)
* Bara 4(B)
== Members of Parliament ==
=== [[Federal Parliament of Nepal|Parliament/Constituent Assembly]] ===
{| class="wikitable"
! colspan="2" |Election
!Member
!Party
|-
| style="background-color:" |
|[[1991 Nepalese legislative election|1991]]
| rowspan="2" |[[Salim Miya Ansari]]
|[[CPN (UML)|CPN (Unified Marxist–Leninist)]]
|-
| style="background-color:indianred" |
|''March 1998''
|[[Communist Party of Nepal (Marxist–Leninist) (1998)|CPN (Marxist–Leninist)]]
|-
| style="background-color:" |
|[[1999 Nepalese legislative election|1999]]
|[[Farmulla Mansur|Farmullah Mansoor]]
|[[Nepali Congress]]
|-
| style="background-color:olivedrab" |
|2008
|[[Jitendra Prasad Sonal|Jitendra Prasad Sonar]]
|[[Terai Madhes Loktantrik Party]]
|-
| style="background-color:" |
|2013
|[[Nezma Khatun|Nazma Khatun]]
|[[CPN (UML)|CPN (Unified Marxist–Leninist)]]
|-
| style="background-color:#ffb300" |
|[[2017 Nepalese legislative election|2017]]
| rowspan="2" |[[Iqbal Miya]]
|[[Rastriya Janata Party Nepal]]
|-
| style="background-color:pink" |
|''April 2020''
|[[People's Socialist Party, Nepal]]
|-
|}
=== [[Provincial Assembly (Nepal)|Provincial Assembly]] ===
==== 4(A) ====
{| class="wikitable"
! colspan="2" |Election
!Member
!Party
|-
| rowspan="2" style="background-color:|
|[[2017 Nepalese provincial elections|2017]]
|rowspan="2"|Sundar Bahadur Bishwakarma
|[[CPN (UML)|CPN (Unified Marxist–Leninist)]]
|-
|''May 2018''
|[[Nepal Communist Party]]
|}
==== 4(B) ====
{| class="wikitable"
! colspan="2" |Election
!Member
!Party
|-
| style="background-color:#ffb300" |
|[[2017 Nepalese provincial elections|2017]]
|rowspan="2"|[[Jitendra Prasad Sonar]]
|[[Rastriya Janata Party Nepal]]
|-
|style="background-color:pink"|
|''April 2020''
|[[People's Socialist Party, Nepal]]
|}
== Election results ==
=== Election in the 2010s ===
==== [[2017 Nepalese legislative election|2017 legislative elections]] ====
{| class="wikitable"
! colspan="2" |Party
!Candidate
!Votes
|-
| style="background-color:#ffb300" |
|[[Rastriya Janata Party Nepal]]
|[[Iqbal Miya]]
|22,275
|-
| style="background-color:" |
|[[CPN (Maoist Centre)]]
|Dev Narayan Tharu
|20,607
|-
| style="background-color:" |
|[[Nepali Congress]]
|Lal Babu Singh Bhuihar
|14,516
|-
|
| colspan="2" |Others
|2,735
|-
| colspan="3" |Invalid votes
|3,246
|-
! colspan="2" |Result
! colspan="2" |RJPN gain
|-
| colspan="4" |Source: [https://ift.tt/33bn8Ty Election Commission]
|}
==== [[2017 Nepalese provincial elections]] ====
=====4(A) =====
{| class="wikitable"
! colspan="2" |Party
!Candidate
!Votes
|-
| style="background-color:" |
|[[CPN (UML)|CPN (Unified Marxist–Leninist)]]
|Sundar Bahadur Bishwakarma
|11,770
|-
| style="background-color:" |
|[[Nepali Congress]]
|Om Krishna Karki
|8,323
|-
| style="background-color:#ffb300" |
|[[Rastriya Janata Party Nepal]]
|Ghanashyam Giri
|7,386
|-
|
| colspan="2" |Others
|1,927
|-
|colspan="3"|Invalid votes
|1,224
|-
! colspan="2" |Result
! colspan="2" |CPN (UML) gain
|-
| colspan="4" |Source: [https://ift.tt/33bn8Ty Election Commission]
|}
=====4(B) =====
{| class="wikitable"
! colspan="2" |Party
!Candidate
!Votes
|-
| style="background-color:#ffb300" |
|[[Rastriya Janata Party Nepal]]
|[[Jitendra Prasad Sonar]]
|13,118
|-
| style="background-color:" |
|[[CPN (Maoist Centre)]]
|Umesh Kumar Kushwaha
|5,692
|-
| style="background-color:" |
|[[Nepali Congress]]
|Bijay Prakash Sah Rauniyar
|5,133
|-
|style="background-color:"|
|[[Independent politician|Independent]]
|Suresh Prasad
|3,962
|-
|style="background-color:steelblue"|
|[[Rastriya Prajatantra Party (Democratic)]]
|Ananda Prakash Yadav
|1,231
|-
|
| colspan="2" |Others
|1,774
|-
|colspan="3"|Invalid votes
|1,658
|-
! colspan="2" |Result
! colspan="2" |RJPN gain
|-
| colspan="4" |Source: [https://ift.tt/33bn8Ty Election Commission]
|}
==== [[2013 Nepalese Constituent Assembly election|2013 Constituent Assembly election]] ====
{| class="wikitable"
! colspan="2" |Party
!Candidate
!Votes
|-
| style="background-color:" |
|[[CPN (UML)|CPN (Unified Marxist–Leninist)]]
|[[Nezma Khatun|Nazma Khatun]]
|12,361
|-
| style="background-color:" |
|[[Nepali Congress]]
|Sunil Kumar Gupta Kalwar
|7,396
|-
| style="background-color:olivedrab" |
|[[Terai Madhes Loktantrik Party]]
|[[Jitendra Prasad Sonal|Jitendra Prasad Sonar]]
|6,199
|-
| style="background-color:darkred" |
|[[UCPN (Maoist)]]
|Suresh Prasad
|3,442
|-
| style="background-color:darkseagreen" |
|Terai Madesh Sadbhavana Party Nepal
|Jaya Prakash Yadav
|2,131
|-
| style="background-color:orange" |
|Rastriya Prajatantra Party Nepal
|Brijlal Prasad Yadav
|1,969
|-
| style="background-color:seagreen" |
|Sadbhavana Party
|Yogendra Prasad Dhanuk
|1,396
|-
| style="background-color:gold" |
|Rastriya Prajatantra Party
|Chiranjibi Bhakta Paudel
|1,112
|-
|
| colspan="2" |Others
|4,450
|-
! colspan="2" |Result
! colspan="2" |Congress gain
|-
| colspan="4" |Source: NepalNews<ref name=":0">Liquid error: wrong number of arguments (given 1, expected 2)</ref>
|}
=== Election in the 2000s ===
==== [[2008 Nepalese Constituent Assembly election|2008 Constituent Assembly election]] ====
{| class="wikitable"
! colspan="2" |Party
!Candidate
!Votes
|-
| style="background-color:olivedrab" |
|[[Terai Madhes Loktantrik Party]]
|[[Jitendra Prasad Sonal|Jitendra Prasad Sonar]]
|9,624
|-
| style="background-color:" |
|[[CPN (UML)|CPN (Unified Marxist–Leninist)]]
|Mahmood Aalam
|8,453
|-
| style="background-color:" |
|[[Nepali Congress]]
|[[Farmulla Mansur|Farmullah Mansoor]]
|8,353
|-
| style="background-color:darkred" |
|[[Communist Party of Nepal (Maoist Centre)|CPN (Maoist)]]
|Sonalal Sah Teli
|5,179
|-
| style="background-color:powderblue" |
|[[Rastriya Janata Dal]]
|Yunush Ansari
|3,000
|-
| style="background-color:orangered" |
|[[Madhesi Jana Adhikar Forum, Nepal]]
|Mohammad Sani Thakurai
|2,985
|-
|
| colspan="2" |Others
|5,038
|-
| colspan="3" |Invalid votes
|3,329
|-
! colspan="2" |Result
! colspan="2" |TMLP gain
|-
| colspan="4" |Source: Election Commission<ref>Liquid error: wrong number of arguments (given 1, expected 2)</ref>
|}
=== Election in the 1990s ===
==== [[1999 Nepalese legislative election|1999 legislative elections]] ====
{| class="wikitable"
! colspan="2" |Party
!Candidate
!Votes
|-
| style="background-color:" |
|[[Nepali Congress]]
|[[Farmulla Mansur|Farmullah Mansoor]]
|24,409
|-
| style="background-color:" |
|[[CPN (UML)|CPN (Unified Marxist–Leninist)]]
|Mahmood Aalam
|16,927
|-
| style="background-color:indianred" |
|[[Communist Party of Nepal (Marxist–Leninist) (1998)|CPN (Marxist–Leninist)]]
|[[Salim Miya Ansari]]
|8,269
|-
| style="background-color:gold" |
|[[Rastriya Prajatantra Party]]
|Brijlal Prasad Bhagat
|7,211
|-
| style="background-color:yellowgreen" |
|[[Nepal Sadbhawana Party]]
|Bharat Prasad Kalwar
|2,132
|-
|
| colspan="2" |Others
|1,389
|-
| colspan="3" |Invalid Votes
|1,317
|-
! colspan="2" |Result
! colspan="2" |Congress gain
|-
| colspan="4" |Source: Election Commission<ref name="archive">Liquid error: wrong number of arguments (given 1, expected 2)</ref><ref></ref>
|}
==== [[1994 Nepalese legislative election|1994 legislative elections]] ====
{| class="wikitable"
! colspan="2" |Party
!Candidate
!Votes
|-
| style="background-color:" |
|[[CPN (UML)|CPN (Unified Marxist–Leninist)]]
|[[Salim Miya Ansari]]
|20,148
|-
| style="background-color:" |
|[[Nepali Congress]]
|[[Farmulla Mansur|Farmullah Mansoor]]
|16,848
|-
| style="background-color:gold" |
|[[Rastriya Prajatantra Party]]
|Mohan Prasad Nepali
|6,318
|-
| style="background-color:yellowgreen" |
|[[Nepal Sadbhawana Party]]
|Amrita Devi Agrahari
|3,529
|-
| style="background-color:" |
|[[Independent politician|Independent]]
|Yogendra Dhanuk
|1,668
|-
|
| colspan="2" |Others
|1,806
|-
! colspan="2" |Result
! colspan="2" |CPN (UML) hold
|-
| colspan="4" |Source: Election Commission<ref name="archive" />
|}
==== [[1991 Nepalese legislative election|1991 legislative elections]] ====
{| class="wikitable"
! colspan="2" |Party
!Candidate
!Votes
|-
| style="background-color:" |
|[[CPN (UML)|CPN (Unified Marxist–Leninist)]]
|[[Salim Miya Ansari]]
|20,547
|-
| style="background-color:" |
|[[Nepali Congress]]
|[[Farmulla Mansur|Farmullah Mansoor]]
|16,036
|-
! colspan="2" |Result
! colspan="2" |CPN (UML) gain
|-
| colspan="4" |Source: [https://ift.tt/3kZh7zA]
|}
== See also ==
* [[List of parliamentary constituencies of Nepal]]
== References ==
== External links ==
* [https://ift.tt/3o6MABF Constituency map of Bara]
[[Category:Parliamentary constituencies of Nepal]]
== Incorporated areas ==
Bara 4 incorporates [[Parawanipur Rural Municipality|Parwanipur Rural Municipality]], [[Prasauni|Prasauni Rural Municipality]], [[Bishrampur Rural Municipality]], ward 17 of [[Kalaiya|Kalaiya Sub-metropolitan City]], wards 1–4 of [[Pheta, Bara|Pheta Rural Municipality]], and wards 1–10 and 19–24 of [[Jitpur Simara|Jitpur Simara Sub-metropolitan City]].
== Assembly segments ==
It encompasses the following [[Provincial Assembly of Province No. 2|Province No. 2 Provincial Assembly]] segment
* Bara 4(A)
* Bara 4(B)
== Members of Parliament ==
=== [[Federal Parliament of Nepal|Parliament/Constituent Assembly]] ===
{| class="wikitable"
! colspan="2" |Election
!Member
!Party
|-
| style="background-color:" |
|[[1991 Nepalese legislative election|1991]]
| rowspan="2" |[[Salim Miya Ansari]]
|[[CPN (UML)|CPN (Unified Marxist–Leninist)]]
|-
| style="background-color:indianred" |
|''March 1998''
|[[Communist Party of Nepal (Marxist–Leninist) (1998)|CPN (Marxist–Leninist)]]
|-
| style="background-color:" |
|[[1999 Nepalese legislative election|1999]]
|[[Farmulla Mansur|Farmullah Mansoor]]
|[[Nepali Congress]]
|-
| style="background-color:olivedrab" |
|2008
|[[Jitendra Prasad Sonal|Jitendra Prasad Sonar]]
|[[Terai Madhes Loktantrik Party]]
|-
| style="background-color:" |
|2013
|[[Nezma Khatun|Nazma Khatun]]
|[[CPN (UML)|CPN (Unified Marxist–Leninist)]]
|-
| style="background-color:#ffb300" |
|[[2017 Nepalese legislative election|2017]]
| rowspan="2" |[[Iqbal Miya]]
|[[Rastriya Janata Party Nepal]]
|-
| style="background-color:pink" |
|''April 2020''
|[[People's Socialist Party, Nepal]]
|-
|}
=== [[Provincial Assembly (Nepal)|Provincial Assembly]] ===
==== 4(A) ====
{| class="wikitable"
! colspan="2" |Election
!Member
!Party
|-
| rowspan="2" style="background-color:|
|[[2017 Nepalese provincial elections|2017]]
|rowspan="2"|Sundar Bahadur Bishwakarma
|[[CPN (UML)|CPN (Unified Marxist–Leninist)]]
|-
|''May 2018''
|[[Nepal Communist Party]]
|}
==== 4(B) ====
{| class="wikitable"
! colspan="2" |Election
!Member
!Party
|-
| style="background-color:#ffb300" |
|[[2017 Nepalese provincial elections|2017]]
|rowspan="2"|[[Jitendra Prasad Sonar]]
|[[Rastriya Janata Party Nepal]]
|-
|style="background-color:pink"|
|''April 2020''
|[[People's Socialist Party, Nepal]]
|}
== Election results ==
=== Election in the 2010s ===
==== [[2017 Nepalese legislative election|2017 legislative elections]] ====
{| class="wikitable"
! colspan="2" |Party
!Candidate
!Votes
|-
| style="background-color:#ffb300" |
|[[Rastriya Janata Party Nepal]]
|[[Iqbal Miya]]
|22,275
|-
| style="background-color:" |
|[[CPN (Maoist Centre)]]
|Dev Narayan Tharu
|20,607
|-
| style="background-color:" |
|[[Nepali Congress]]
|Lal Babu Singh Bhuihar
|14,516
|-
|
| colspan="2" |Others
|2,735
|-
| colspan="3" |Invalid votes
|3,246
|-
! colspan="2" |Result
! colspan="2" |RJPN gain
|-
| colspan="4" |Source: [https://ift.tt/33bn8Ty Election Commission]
|}
==== [[2017 Nepalese provincial elections]] ====
=====4(A) =====
{| class="wikitable"
! colspan="2" |Party
!Candidate
!Votes
|-
| style="background-color:" |
|[[CPN (UML)|CPN (Unified Marxist–Leninist)]]
|Sundar Bahadur Bishwakarma
|11,770
|-
| style="background-color:" |
|[[Nepali Congress]]
|Om Krishna Karki
|8,323
|-
| style="background-color:#ffb300" |
|[[Rastriya Janata Party Nepal]]
|Ghanashyam Giri
|7,386
|-
|
| colspan="2" |Others
|1,927
|-
|colspan="3"|Invalid votes
|1,224
|-
! colspan="2" |Result
! colspan="2" |CPN (UML) gain
|-
| colspan="4" |Source: [https://ift.tt/33bn8Ty Election Commission]
|}
=====4(B) =====
{| class="wikitable"
! colspan="2" |Party
!Candidate
!Votes
|-
| style="background-color:#ffb300" |
|[[Rastriya Janata Party Nepal]]
|[[Jitendra Prasad Sonar]]
|13,118
|-
| style="background-color:" |
|[[CPN (Maoist Centre)]]
|Umesh Kumar Kushwaha
|5,692
|-
| style="background-color:" |
|[[Nepali Congress]]
|Bijay Prakash Sah Rauniyar
|5,133
|-
|style="background-color:"|
|[[Independent politician|Independent]]
|Suresh Prasad
|3,962
|-
|style="background-color:steelblue"|
|[[Rastriya Prajatantra Party (Democratic)]]
|Ananda Prakash Yadav
|1,231
|-
|
| colspan="2" |Others
|1,774
|-
|colspan="3"|Invalid votes
|1,658
|-
! colspan="2" |Result
! colspan="2" |RJPN gain
|-
| colspan="4" |Source: [https://ift.tt/33bn8Ty Election Commission]
|}
==== [[2013 Nepalese Constituent Assembly election|2013 Constituent Assembly election]] ====
{| class="wikitable"
! colspan="2" |Party
!Candidate
!Votes
|-
| style="background-color:" |
|[[CPN (UML)|CPN (Unified Marxist–Leninist)]]
|[[Nezma Khatun|Nazma Khatun]]
|12,361
|-
| style="background-color:" |
|[[Nepali Congress]]
|Sunil Kumar Gupta Kalwar
|7,396
|-
| style="background-color:olivedrab" |
|[[Terai Madhes Loktantrik Party]]
|[[Jitendra Prasad Sonal|Jitendra Prasad Sonar]]
|6,199
|-
| style="background-color:darkred" |
|[[UCPN (Maoist)]]
|Suresh Prasad
|3,442
|-
| style="background-color:darkseagreen" |
|Terai Madesh Sadbhavana Party Nepal
|Jaya Prakash Yadav
|2,131
|-
| style="background-color:orange" |
|Rastriya Prajatantra Party Nepal
|Brijlal Prasad Yadav
|1,969
|-
| style="background-color:seagreen" |
|Sadbhavana Party
|Yogendra Prasad Dhanuk
|1,396
|-
| style="background-color:gold" |
|Rastriya Prajatantra Party
|Chiranjibi Bhakta Paudel
|1,112
|-
|
| colspan="2" |Others
|4,450
|-
! colspan="2" |Result
! colspan="2" |Congress gain
|-
| colspan="4" |Source: NepalNews<ref name=":0">Liquid error: wrong number of arguments (given 1, expected 2)</ref>
|}
=== Election in the 2000s ===
==== [[2008 Nepalese Constituent Assembly election|2008 Constituent Assembly election]] ====
{| class="wikitable"
! colspan="2" |Party
!Candidate
!Votes
|-
| style="background-color:olivedrab" |
|[[Terai Madhes Loktantrik Party]]
|[[Jitendra Prasad Sonal|Jitendra Prasad Sonar]]
|9,624
|-
| style="background-color:" |
|[[CPN (UML)|CPN (Unified Marxist–Leninist)]]
|Mahmood Aalam
|8,453
|-
| style="background-color:" |
|[[Nepali Congress]]
|[[Farmulla Mansur|Farmullah Mansoor]]
|8,353
|-
| style="background-color:darkred" |
|[[Communist Party of Nepal (Maoist Centre)|CPN (Maoist)]]
|Sonalal Sah Teli
|5,179
|-
| style="background-color:powderblue" |
|[[Rastriya Janata Dal]]
|Yunush Ansari
|3,000
|-
| style="background-color:orangered" |
|[[Madhesi Jana Adhikar Forum, Nepal]]
|Mohammad Sani Thakurai
|2,985
|-
|
| colspan="2" |Others
|5,038
|-
| colspan="3" |Invalid votes
|3,329
|-
! colspan="2" |Result
! colspan="2" |TMLP gain
|-
| colspan="4" |Source: Election Commission<ref>Liquid error: wrong number of arguments (given 1, expected 2)</ref>
|}
=== Election in the 1990s ===
==== [[1999 Nepalese legislative election|1999 legislative elections]] ====
{| class="wikitable"
! colspan="2" |Party
!Candidate
!Votes
|-
| style="background-color:" |
|[[Nepali Congress]]
|[[Farmulla Mansur|Farmullah Mansoor]]
|24,409
|-
| style="background-color:" |
|[[CPN (UML)|CPN (Unified Marxist–Leninist)]]
|Mahmood Aalam
|16,927
|-
| style="background-color:indianred" |
|[[Communist Party of Nepal (Marxist–Leninist) (1998)|CPN (Marxist–Leninist)]]
|[[Salim Miya Ansari]]
|8,269
|-
| style="background-color:gold" |
|[[Rastriya Prajatantra Party]]
|Brijlal Prasad Bhagat
|7,211
|-
| style="background-color:yellowgreen" |
|[[Nepal Sadbhawana Party]]
|Bharat Prasad Kalwar
|2,132
|-
|
| colspan="2" |Others
|1,389
|-
| colspan="3" |Invalid Votes
|1,317
|-
! colspan="2" |Result
! colspan="2" |Congress gain
|-
| colspan="4" |Source: Election Commission<ref name="archive">Liquid error: wrong number of arguments (given 1, expected 2)</ref><ref></ref>
|}
==== [[1994 Nepalese legislative election|1994 legislative elections]] ====
{| class="wikitable"
! colspan="2" |Party
!Candidate
!Votes
|-
| style="background-color:" |
|[[CPN (UML)|CPN (Unified Marxist–Leninist)]]
|[[Salim Miya Ansari]]
|20,148
|-
| style="background-color:" |
|[[Nepali Congress]]
|[[Farmulla Mansur|Farmullah Mansoor]]
|16,848
|-
| style="background-color:gold" |
|[[Rastriya Prajatantra Party]]
|Mohan Prasad Nepali
|6,318
|-
| style="background-color:yellowgreen" |
|[[Nepal Sadbhawana Party]]
|Amrita Devi Agrahari
|3,529
|-
| style="background-color:" |
|[[Independent politician|Independent]]
|Yogendra Dhanuk
|1,668
|-
|
| colspan="2" |Others
|1,806
|-
! colspan="2" |Result
! colspan="2" |CPN (UML) hold
|-
| colspan="4" |Source: Election Commission<ref name="archive" />
|}
==== [[1991 Nepalese legislative election|1991 legislative elections]] ====
{| class="wikitable"
! colspan="2" |Party
!Candidate
!Votes
|-
| style="background-color:" |
|[[CPN (UML)|CPN (Unified Marxist–Leninist)]]
|[[Salim Miya Ansari]]
|20,547
|-
| style="background-color:" |
|[[Nepali Congress]]
|[[Farmulla Mansur|Farmullah Mansoor]]
|16,036
|-
! colspan="2" |Result
! colspan="2" |CPN (UML) gain
|-
| colspan="4" |Source: [https://ift.tt/3kZh7zA]
|}
== See also ==
* [[List of parliamentary constituencies of Nepal]]
== References ==
== External links ==
* [https://ift.tt/3o6MABF Constituency map of Bara]
[[Category:Parliamentary constituencies of Nepal]]
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Prof. Kulamani Parida
Uniqbasu: ←Replaced content with ' Liquid error: wrong number of arguments (given 1, expected 2)'
Liquid error: wrong number of arguments (given 1, expected 2)
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Notholaena hookeri
Choess: new set index for homonyms
'''''Notholaena hookeri''''' is a species name, which may refer to:
*''[[Argyrochosma chilensis]]'', described in 1856 as ''Notholaena hookeri'' [[Edward Joseph Lowe|E.J.Lowe]]
*''[[Notholaena standleyi]]'', described in 1879 as ''Notholaena hookeri'' [[Daniel Cady Eaton|D.C.Eaton]]
[[Category:Notholaena|hookeri]]
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2,4,5-Trichlorophenol
Teb728: Requesting speedy deletion (CSD A3).
2,4,5-Trichlorophenol
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Sistine Chapel of the ancients
HAL333: /* Discovery */
The '''Sistine Chapel of the ancients''' is an eight-mile stretch of cliff in [[Colombia]] that is covered by tens of thousands of paintings created up to 12,500 years ago. It is one of the world’s largest collections of prehistoric rock art. It was discovered in 2019, but only announced in November 2020. It will appear in a [[Channel 4]] documentary: ''Jungle Mystery: Lost Kingdoms of the Amazon''.<ref name="guardian">Liquid error: wrong number of arguments (given 1, expected 2)</ref>
==Discovery==
The site was discovered in 2019, but only announced in November 2020. The team that found it was led by José Iriarte and funded by the [[European Research Council]].<ref name="guardian"/>
==References==
[[Category:Pre-Columbian art]]
[[Category:Colombian art]]
[[Category:Ancient art]]
[[Category:Petroglyphs in South America]]
==Discovery==
The site was discovered in 2019, but only announced in November 2020. The team that found it was led by José Iriarte and funded by the [[European Research Council]].<ref name="guardian"/>
==References==
[[Category:Pre-Columbian art]]
[[Category:Colombian art]]
[[Category:Ancient art]]
[[Category:Petroglyphs in South America]]
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Dove Cay
QatarStarsLeague: added Category:Islands of the Bahamas using HotCat
'''Dove Cay''' is an island in the [[Bahamas]]. It is located in the vicinity of [[Long Island, Bahamas]].<ref>https://ift.tt/3mkBoBb GO</ref> It is 1.07km long.<ref>https://ift.tt/3mkBoBb GO</ref>
==References==
[[Category:Islands of the Bahamas]]
==References==
[[Category:Islands of the Bahamas]]
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José López de Victoria
Coffeycp: adding categories
'''José López de Victoria''' (1869-1930) was a [[Puerto Ricans|Puerto Rican]] painter. Known primarily as a portraitist, López de Victoria painted many important intellectuals and politicians from the island. His works can be found at the [[Museum of Art of Puerto Rico|Museo de Arte de Puerto Rico]], [[Institute of Puerto Rican Culture|Instituto de Cultura Puertorriqueña]] and the University of Puerto Rico Museum of History, Anthropology and Art.<ref name=":0"> Museo de Arte de Puerto Rico|url=https://www.mapr.org/en/museum/proa/artist/lopez-de-victoria-jose|access-date=2020-11-30|website=www.mapr.org}}</ref>
== Career ==
José López de Victoria was born in 1869, although not much is known about his early life. It is unknown if he received a formal training in art. While he is known as a renowned portraitist, he also created a series of landscape painting that experimented with [[color theory]]. He painted many important Puerto Rican intellectuals and cultural figures like [[Cayetano Coll y Toste]], [[Luis Muñoz Rivera]], [[José Gautier Benítez]], [[Eugenio María de Hostos]], [[José Severo Quiñones]], [[Manuel Zeno Gandía]], [[Francisco Oller]], [[Genaro Cautiño Vázquez]] and others.<ref></ref> He won an award from the [[Ateneo Puertorriqueño]] in 1913. In 1925 he was commissioned by the [[United States government|United States Government]] to paint portraits of [[George Washington]] and [[Calvin Coolidge]], which hung in the [[United States Capitol|Capitol Building]].<ref name=":0" />
== Citations ==
<references />
[[Category:Puerto Rican artists]]
[[Category:1869 births]]
[[Category:1930 deaths]]
== Career ==
José López de Victoria was born in 1869, although not much is known about his early life. It is unknown if he received a formal training in art. While he is known as a renowned portraitist, he also created a series of landscape painting that experimented with [[color theory]]. He painted many important Puerto Rican intellectuals and cultural figures like [[Cayetano Coll y Toste]], [[Luis Muñoz Rivera]], [[José Gautier Benítez]], [[Eugenio María de Hostos]], [[José Severo Quiñones]], [[Manuel Zeno Gandía]], [[Francisco Oller]], [[Genaro Cautiño Vázquez]] and others.<ref></ref> He won an award from the [[Ateneo Puertorriqueño]] in 1913. In 1925 he was commissioned by the [[United States government|United States Government]] to paint portraits of [[George Washington]] and [[Calvin Coolidge]], which hung in the [[United States Capitol|Capitol Building]].<ref name=":0" />
== Citations ==
<references />
[[Category:Puerto Rican artists]]
[[Category:1869 births]]
[[Category:1930 deaths]]
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Shoom
Ceoil: mark upissue
'''Shoom''' was a regular [[nightclub]] event held between September 1987 and 1990 at a number of venues in London, England.<ref name="mm">Matos, Michaelangelo. "[https://ift.tt/2HVzNTq Shoom: An Oral History of the London Club That Kicked Off Rave Culture]". ''[[Rolling Stone]]'', 12 December 2017. Retrieved 29 November 2020.</ref> The club was run by [[Disc jockey|DJ]] and [[record producer]] [[Danny Rampling]] and his wife Jenni Rampling, and is widely credited for initiating the [[acid house]] movement in the UK.<ref name="mm" /><ref name="bb">"[https://ift.tt/3o7z0ya Dance Clubs: 25 Best Of All Time]". ''[[Billboard Magazine]]'', 12 November 2015. Retrieved 29 November 2020.</ref> The club nights began at a gym on [[Southwark Street]], before its growing popularity required a move to a [[YMCA]] basement on [[Tottenham Court Road]], and finally to the large capacity Busby’s music venue on [[ Charing Cross Road]].<ref name="mm" /><ref name="dj">Hubzin, Ivica. "[https://ift.tt/3fMd8W5 One More Shoom!]". ''[[DJ Mag]]'', 7 December 2012. Retrieved 29 November 2020.</ref>
Shoom ended early in 1990, before it had become too large or mainstream, and in a period when acid house was mutating towards [[Rave]] music. In 2015, it was name number seven by ''[[Billboard Magazine]]'' in their 25 Best Of All Time Dance Clubs list.<ref name="bb" /><ref>"[https://ift.tt/2HSYLCQ Shoom: A Retrospective]". Graff.io Arts. Retrieved 29 November 2020.</ref>
==History==
===Formation===
[[File:Smiley icon.svg|thumb|upright=0.8|Shoom was one of the first clubs to adopt the [[Smiley]] face in their promotional material<ref name="c227">Cavanagh (2000), p. 227</ref><ref name="lb">Bainbridge, Luke. "[https://ift.tt/1tqVcHt Acid house and the dawn of a rave new world]". ''The Guardian'', 23 February 2014. Retrieved 30 November 2020.</ref>]]
Shoom was founded by DJ and music producer [[Danny Rampling]] and his then wife Jenni, who sought to introduce [[Acid House]] to the UK Club scene.<ref name="Sam">Richards, Sam. "[https://ift.tt/2k5MezE Danny Rampling: how we made acid house club Shoom]". ''[[The Guardian]]'', 28 November 2017. Retrieved 29 November 2020.</ref> The club began at a disused fitness centre on [[Southwark Street]], [[South London]].<ref name="SR" /><ref name="id">Corrigan, Susan. "[https://ift.tt/33sIEnb Better living through Chemistry: Celebrating 30 years of iconic club night Shoom]". ''[[i-D]]'', 8 December 2017. Retrieved 29 November 2020.</ref><ref>Roberts, Joe. "[https://ift.tt/2Jl02Tv Plug Into Cable At SE1]". ''[[Evening Standard]]'', 17 July 2009. Retrieved 29 November 2020</ref> Rampling sought to reproduce the atmosphere and experience of the [[Balearic beat]] clubs he has attended on a recent holiday with Jenny, [[Paul Oakenfold]], [[Nicky Holloway]] and [[Johnnie Walker (DJ)|Johnnie Walker]] in [[Ibiza]], visiting DJ's [[Trevor Fung]] and [[Ian St. Paul]]. During the trip, the Rampling's were deeply inspired by clubs such as [[Alfredo Fiorito]]'s [[Amnesia (nightclub)|Amnesia]] and Pepe Rosello's [[Space (Ibiza nightclub)|Space]] nights.<ref name="mm" /><ref name="jc">Carroll, Jim. "[https://ift.tt/3lilPbS Back to the Phuture]". ''[[Irish Times]]", 2 March, 2003. Retrieved 29 November 2020</ref>
The club's formation coincided with the establishment of other seminal acid house clubs in London, including Holloway's the Trip,<ref name="acid">Warren, Emma. "[https://ift.tt/2lubRWH The birth of rave]". ''The Guardian'', 12 August 2007. Retrieved 29 November 2020.</ref> and Oakenfold's Spectrum.<ref name="am">Marshall, Alex. "[https://ift.tt/2O2pf2p n 1988, Acid House Swept Britain. These Fliers Tell the Story.]". ''[[New York Times]]'', 10 September, 2018. Retrieved 30 November 2020.</ref> Shoom quickly developed a reputation for playing innovative Chicago [[house music]], notably introducing [[Phuture]]'s seminal "[[Acid Tracks]] to a UK audience.<ref>"[https://ift.tt/2Z7CBlZ The History Of Acid House in 100 Tracks]". '[[Mixmag]]'', 3 May 2018. Retrieved 30 November, 2020?</ref>
===Club-night atmosphere===
[[File:Amnesia Ibiza Crowd 10.jpg|thumb|left|The [[Amnesia (nightclub)|Amnesia]] nightclub in Ibiza was a major influence on Shoom, although it had a much larger capacity and became mainstream in the mid-1990s.]]
The club's name is taken from a [[slang]] word that describes the effects of coming-up on [[MDMA|Ecstasy]], the [[club drug]] that became widely associated with the UK dance music scene.<ref>Sedazzari, Matteo. "[https://ift.tt/39o6MLm When Positive Energy of Madness met Danny Rampling November 1989]". ''Positive Energy of Madness'', winter 1989. Retrieved 29 November 2020.</ref> According to the writer [[Simon Reynolds]], "the imagery of the [[flyer]]s, membership cards and newsletters was blatantly druggy: pills with [[smiley]] faces on them, exhortations to 'Get Right On One, Matey!!!'"<ref name="SR" /> ''[[Boy's Own]]'' writer Steven Hall describes how he had "never seen anything like Shoom – completely open drug-taking".<ref name="lb" />
Due to its quickly earned popularity, and patronage by celebrities and scenesters such as [[Boy George]], and later [[Alan McGee]] and [[Bobby Gillespie]], by Shoom was usually tightly packed with an above capacity number of revelers. Writer [[David Cavanagh]] describes an atmosphere dominated by "heat and crush".<ref name="c226">Cavanagh (2000), p. 226</ref> The musician [[Richard Norris (musician)|Richard Norris]], later of [[The Grid]], describes nights where "there was no oxygen. We were lighting our [[lighters]] and the flames were going out."<ref name="c226" /> According to DJ Terry Farley, "some of those early Shoomers were almost like disciples of Danny's. I remember one girl telling me she could see his aura while he was DJing, and, do you know, to a certain extent maybe you could."<ref name="lb" />
The established graphic artist George Georgiou<ref>"[https://ift.tt/3qcdIkJ Night Fever: Designing Club Culture 1960 – Today]". [[Vitra Design Museum]]. Retrieved 30 November 2020.</ref> was asked to designed the early fliers, with the single instruction that they contain smiley faces, a visual symbol he was not then interested by. Georgiou responded by showing the face as if as an inebriated partygoer. The image became iconic and a mainstay of the acid house movement. According to Georgio, "everyone interpreted it as an Ecstasy pill, but it wasn’t really. It was just me trying to make it 3-D."<ref name="am" />
===Door policy===
The club night soon began to attract large crowds, far more than the small, 300 people capacity, Southwark Street venue could hold.<ref name="id" /> Jenni Rampling, a business woman described by Reynolds as the "powerhouse" behind the club,<ref name="SR" /> became it's doorperson, vetting the clubbers before they could enter. She said, "you can have 200 people in ponchos off their head on E dancing to acid house but that doesn't make a great club. You need that mix. I wanted Shoomers who'd dance to Danny, I wanted a lot of gays, black people, white people, old [[hip hop]] people, Danny's friends, my friends. How do you do that? You've got to be strong. You've got to be prepared to be insulted. Some people sucked up to you, others insulted you. It was a hard job."<ref name="id2">Baines, Josh. "[https://ift.tt/37m7O7N Meet the Doorpickers: London's Original Club Custodians - Would you let yourself in?]". ''i-D'', 23 March, 2015. Retrieved 29 November 2020.</ref>
According to the [[Wall of Sound]] label boss [[Mark Jones (Wall of Sound)|Mark Jones]], "They really pushed that whole whole love-and-happiness-and-bonding thing, really believed in it. People [[Criticism|slagged]] Jenni off...but I admire her for doing what she thought was right. Its fine to be lovey-dovey, but there are certain people who you don't want in your club, 'cos you won't be able to achieve that vibe."<ref name="SR">Reynolds (1998)</ref><ref>Nozari, Aisha. "[https://ift.tt/2VtNYlT Wall of Sound Founder Mark Jones on Acid House, Buddhism and Grace Jones]". London: ''Phoenix Magazine (UK)''. Retrieved 29 November 2020</ref>
===Closure===
Danny and Nikki Rampling ended the club in early 1990.<ref name="mm" />
==Legacy==
Two 25th Anniversary nights were held at the Cable Nightclub in London in 2012.<ref name="bb" /><ref name="dj" /> [[Primal Scream]] attribute the geneses of their era defining [[Andrew Weatherall]] collaboration album "[[Screamadelica]]" to the sounds and vibe experience from attending Shoom in 1989.<ref name="c280">Cavanagh (2000), p. 280</ref><ref>Huxley, Lewis. "[https://ift.tt/2zgtLrW Primal Scream's 'Screamadelica' and the Altered State]". ''[[PopMatters]]'', 21 May 2020. Retrieved 30 November 2020.</ref>
==Referenecs==
===Notes===
===Sources===
* [[David Cavanagh|Cavanagh, David]]. ''The Creation Records Story: My Magpie Eyes Are Hungry for the Prize''. London: Virgin Books, 2000.
*[[Simon Reynolds|Reynolds, Simon]]. ''[https://ift.tt/3mnsFxX Energy Flash: A Journey Through Rave Music and Dance Culture]''. London: Picador, 1998.
[[Category:Defunct nightclubs in the United Kingdom]]
[[Category:Nightclubs in England]]
Shoom ended early in 1990, before it had become too large or mainstream, and in a period when acid house was mutating towards [[Rave]] music. In 2015, it was name number seven by ''[[Billboard Magazine]]'' in their 25 Best Of All Time Dance Clubs list.<ref name="bb" /><ref>"[https://ift.tt/2HSYLCQ Shoom: A Retrospective]". Graff.io Arts. Retrieved 29 November 2020.</ref>
==History==
===Formation===
[[File:Smiley icon.svg|thumb|upright=0.8|Shoom was one of the first clubs to adopt the [[Smiley]] face in their promotional material<ref name="c227">Cavanagh (2000), p. 227</ref><ref name="lb">Bainbridge, Luke. "[https://ift.tt/1tqVcHt Acid house and the dawn of a rave new world]". ''The Guardian'', 23 February 2014. Retrieved 30 November 2020.</ref>]]
Shoom was founded by DJ and music producer [[Danny Rampling]] and his then wife Jenni, who sought to introduce [[Acid House]] to the UK Club scene.<ref name="Sam">Richards, Sam. "[https://ift.tt/2k5MezE Danny Rampling: how we made acid house club Shoom]". ''[[The Guardian]]'', 28 November 2017. Retrieved 29 November 2020.</ref> The club began at a disused fitness centre on [[Southwark Street]], [[South London]].<ref name="SR" /><ref name="id">Corrigan, Susan. "[https://ift.tt/33sIEnb Better living through Chemistry: Celebrating 30 years of iconic club night Shoom]". ''[[i-D]]'', 8 December 2017. Retrieved 29 November 2020.</ref><ref>Roberts, Joe. "[https://ift.tt/2Jl02Tv Plug Into Cable At SE1]". ''[[Evening Standard]]'', 17 July 2009. Retrieved 29 November 2020</ref> Rampling sought to reproduce the atmosphere and experience of the [[Balearic beat]] clubs he has attended on a recent holiday with Jenny, [[Paul Oakenfold]], [[Nicky Holloway]] and [[Johnnie Walker (DJ)|Johnnie Walker]] in [[Ibiza]], visiting DJ's [[Trevor Fung]] and [[Ian St. Paul]]. During the trip, the Rampling's were deeply inspired by clubs such as [[Alfredo Fiorito]]'s [[Amnesia (nightclub)|Amnesia]] and Pepe Rosello's [[Space (Ibiza nightclub)|Space]] nights.<ref name="mm" /><ref name="jc">Carroll, Jim. "[https://ift.tt/3lilPbS Back to the Phuture]". ''[[Irish Times]]", 2 March, 2003. Retrieved 29 November 2020</ref>
The club's formation coincided with the establishment of other seminal acid house clubs in London, including Holloway's the Trip,<ref name="acid">Warren, Emma. "[https://ift.tt/2lubRWH The birth of rave]". ''The Guardian'', 12 August 2007. Retrieved 29 November 2020.</ref> and Oakenfold's Spectrum.<ref name="am">Marshall, Alex. "[https://ift.tt/2O2pf2p n 1988, Acid House Swept Britain. These Fliers Tell the Story.]". ''[[New York Times]]'', 10 September, 2018. Retrieved 30 November 2020.</ref> Shoom quickly developed a reputation for playing innovative Chicago [[house music]], notably introducing [[Phuture]]'s seminal "[[Acid Tracks]] to a UK audience.<ref>"[https://ift.tt/2Z7CBlZ The History Of Acid House in 100 Tracks]". '[[Mixmag]]'', 3 May 2018. Retrieved 30 November, 2020?</ref>
===Club-night atmosphere===
[[File:Amnesia Ibiza Crowd 10.jpg|thumb|left|The [[Amnesia (nightclub)|Amnesia]] nightclub in Ibiza was a major influence on Shoom, although it had a much larger capacity and became mainstream in the mid-1990s.]]
The club's name is taken from a [[slang]] word that describes the effects of coming-up on [[MDMA|Ecstasy]], the [[club drug]] that became widely associated with the UK dance music scene.<ref>Sedazzari, Matteo. "[https://ift.tt/39o6MLm When Positive Energy of Madness met Danny Rampling November 1989]". ''Positive Energy of Madness'', winter 1989. Retrieved 29 November 2020.</ref> According to the writer [[Simon Reynolds]], "the imagery of the [[flyer]]s, membership cards and newsletters was blatantly druggy: pills with [[smiley]] faces on them, exhortations to 'Get Right On One, Matey!!!'"<ref name="SR" /> ''[[Boy's Own]]'' writer Steven Hall describes how he had "never seen anything like Shoom – completely open drug-taking".<ref name="lb" />
Due to its quickly earned popularity, and patronage by celebrities and scenesters such as [[Boy George]], and later [[Alan McGee]] and [[Bobby Gillespie]], by Shoom was usually tightly packed with an above capacity number of revelers. Writer [[David Cavanagh]] describes an atmosphere dominated by "heat and crush".<ref name="c226">Cavanagh (2000), p. 226</ref> The musician [[Richard Norris (musician)|Richard Norris]], later of [[The Grid]], describes nights where "there was no oxygen. We were lighting our [[lighters]] and the flames were going out."<ref name="c226" /> According to DJ Terry Farley, "some of those early Shoomers were almost like disciples of Danny's. I remember one girl telling me she could see his aura while he was DJing, and, do you know, to a certain extent maybe you could."<ref name="lb" />
The established graphic artist George Georgiou<ref>"[https://ift.tt/3qcdIkJ Night Fever: Designing Club Culture 1960 – Today]". [[Vitra Design Museum]]. Retrieved 30 November 2020.</ref> was asked to designed the early fliers, with the single instruction that they contain smiley faces, a visual symbol he was not then interested by. Georgiou responded by showing the face as if as an inebriated partygoer. The image became iconic and a mainstay of the acid house movement. According to Georgio, "everyone interpreted it as an Ecstasy pill, but it wasn’t really. It was just me trying to make it 3-D."<ref name="am" />
===Door policy===
The club night soon began to attract large crowds, far more than the small, 300 people capacity, Southwark Street venue could hold.<ref name="id" /> Jenni Rampling, a business woman described by Reynolds as the "powerhouse" behind the club,<ref name="SR" /> became it's doorperson, vetting the clubbers before they could enter. She said, "you can have 200 people in ponchos off their head on E dancing to acid house but that doesn't make a great club. You need that mix. I wanted Shoomers who'd dance to Danny, I wanted a lot of gays, black people, white people, old [[hip hop]] people, Danny's friends, my friends. How do you do that? You've got to be strong. You've got to be prepared to be insulted. Some people sucked up to you, others insulted you. It was a hard job."<ref name="id2">Baines, Josh. "[https://ift.tt/37m7O7N Meet the Doorpickers: London's Original Club Custodians - Would you let yourself in?]". ''i-D'', 23 March, 2015. Retrieved 29 November 2020.</ref>
According to the [[Wall of Sound]] label boss [[Mark Jones (Wall of Sound)|Mark Jones]], "They really pushed that whole whole love-and-happiness-and-bonding thing, really believed in it. People [[Criticism|slagged]] Jenni off...but I admire her for doing what she thought was right. Its fine to be lovey-dovey, but there are certain people who you don't want in your club, 'cos you won't be able to achieve that vibe."<ref name="SR">Reynolds (1998)</ref><ref>Nozari, Aisha. "[https://ift.tt/2VtNYlT Wall of Sound Founder Mark Jones on Acid House, Buddhism and Grace Jones]". London: ''Phoenix Magazine (UK)''. Retrieved 29 November 2020</ref>
===Closure===
Danny and Nikki Rampling ended the club in early 1990.<ref name="mm" />
==Legacy==
Two 25th Anniversary nights were held at the Cable Nightclub in London in 2012.<ref name="bb" /><ref name="dj" /> [[Primal Scream]] attribute the geneses of their era defining [[Andrew Weatherall]] collaboration album "[[Screamadelica]]" to the sounds and vibe experience from attending Shoom in 1989.<ref name="c280">Cavanagh (2000), p. 280</ref><ref>Huxley, Lewis. "[https://ift.tt/2zgtLrW Primal Scream's 'Screamadelica' and the Altered State]". ''[[PopMatters]]'', 21 May 2020. Retrieved 30 November 2020.</ref>
==Referenecs==
===Notes===
===Sources===
* [[David Cavanagh|Cavanagh, David]]. ''The Creation Records Story: My Magpie Eyes Are Hungry for the Prize''. London: Virgin Books, 2000.
*[[Simon Reynolds|Reynolds, Simon]]. ''[https://ift.tt/3mnsFxX Energy Flash: A Journey Through Rave Music and Dance Culture]''. London: Picador, 1998.
[[Category:Defunct nightclubs in the United Kingdom]]
[[Category:Nightclubs in England]]
from Wikipedia - New pages [en] https://ift.tt/37mZpB0
via IFTTT
Lists of parks in New Zealand
Paewiki: fixing template
This is a list of lists of parks in [[New Zealand]].
==Schooby region==
===North Island===
*[[List of parks in the Auckland Region]]
*[[List of parks in the Bay of Plenty Region]]
*[[List of parks in the Gisborne District]]
*[[List of parks in the Hawke's Bay Region]]
*[[List of parks in the Manawatu-Wanganui Region]]
*[[List of parks in the Northland Region]]
*[[List of parks in the Taranaki Region]]
*[[List of parks in the Waikato Region]]
*[[List of parks in the Wellington Region]]
===South Island and other islands===
*[[List of parks in the Canterbury Region]]
*[[List of parks in the Chatham Islands]]
*[[List of parks in the Marlborough Region]]
*[[List of parks in Nelson, New Zealand]]
*[[List of parks in the Otago Region]]
*[[List of parks in the Southland Region]]
*[[List of parks in the Tasman Region]]
*[[List of parks in the West Coast Region]]
== See also ==
*[[Lists of marae in New Zealand]]
*[[Lists of schools in New Zealand]]
==References==
[[Category:Lists of parks in New Zealand| ]]
==Schooby region==
===North Island===
*[[List of parks in the Auckland Region]]
*[[List of parks in the Bay of Plenty Region]]
*[[List of parks in the Gisborne District]]
*[[List of parks in the Hawke's Bay Region]]
*[[List of parks in the Manawatu-Wanganui Region]]
*[[List of parks in the Northland Region]]
*[[List of parks in the Taranaki Region]]
*[[List of parks in the Waikato Region]]
*[[List of parks in the Wellington Region]]
===South Island and other islands===
*[[List of parks in the Canterbury Region]]
*[[List of parks in the Chatham Islands]]
*[[List of parks in the Marlborough Region]]
*[[List of parks in Nelson, New Zealand]]
*[[List of parks in the Otago Region]]
*[[List of parks in the Southland Region]]
*[[List of parks in the Tasman Region]]
*[[List of parks in the West Coast Region]]
== See also ==
*[[Lists of marae in New Zealand]]
*[[Lists of schools in New Zealand]]
==References==
[[Category:Lists of parks in New Zealand| ]]
from Wikipedia - New pages [en] https://ift.tt/2J8kUxJ
via IFTTT
L'Apothéose de Lully
Damibaru: first recording; imslp
'''''L'Apothéose de Lully''''', or '''''Concert instrumental sous le titre d'Apothéose composé à la mémoire Immortelle de l'incomparable Monsieur de Lully''''' (English: ''The Apotheosis of Lully'' or ''Instrumental concert with the title of an [[Apotheosis]] composed in the immortal memory of the incomparable Monsieur de Lully'') is a [[trio sonata]] composed by [[François Couperin]]. The piece was first published in [[1725 in music|1725]], a year after the [[L'Apothéose de Corelli|Apotheosis of Corelli]], to pay homage to [[Jean-Baptiste Lully]].<ref></ref>
==Background==
[[File:Paul Mignard - Jean-Baptiste Lully.jpg|thumb|Jean-Baptiste Lully]]
Lully, a master of French Baroque music and the father of the [[French overture]], famously disavowed any Italian influence in French music of the period. Couperin, however, wanted to accomplish a ''réunion des goûts'': reconciling the national distinctions of style, tradition, and forms of interpretations that differed between France and Italy. He said, "I have always esteemed meritorious things irrespective of author or nation."<ref></ref> Despite hailing from a large family of French musicians, Couperin is in fact credited with bringing the trio sonata form, greatly developed in Italy by [[Arcangelo Corelli]], to France. In 1924, he published the Apotheosis of Corelli in 1924, as a tribute to the symmetrical and precise Italian Baroque style that made Corelli an Italian Baroque master. A year later, the Apotheosis of Lully was first published, "to do honour to the greatest man in music whom the preceding century had produced,"<ref></ref> and to reconcile the differences between French and Italian Baroque music.
In 1949, the piece was featured on the first [[microgroove]] record to be produced in Europe, recorded by [[André Charlin]] and conducted by [[Roger Désormière]].<ref>Liquid error: wrong number of arguments (given 1, expected 2)</ref>
Couperin himself called ''L'Apothéose de Lully'' a "harmonic [[panegyric]]"<ref></ref> It has been called "the composer’s artistic and aesthetic manifesto"<ref>Liquid error: wrong number of arguments (given 1, expected 2)</ref> and "one of the final flowerings of [Couperin's] ambition."<ref></ref>
==Structure==
The piece is originally scored for two treble voices and continuo. Louis Hüe, who engraved the 1725 publication, recommended performing the Apotheosis with two harpsichords, saying that "I find it is often easier to bring these two instruments together, than four people" (i.e. two violinists, a cellist or violist, and a harpsichordist).<ref></ref>
The piece, like ''L'Apothéose de Corelli'', is a characteristic example of [[program music]]. Couperin shows Lully in the [[Elysium|Elysian Fields]], performing music in the delicate and well-ornamented French style. A graceful air follows, after which [[Mercury (mythology)|Mercury]] descends to Lully to warn him of [[Apollo]]'s imminent arrival. Mercury's descent, with quick notes in the treble lines, is characteristic of Lully's own techniques for composing Zephyr and windlike passages.<ref></ref> Apollo's descent is notably nobler than Mercury's. Rumbles and laments are heard from Lully's jealous contemporaries, after which Lully ascends to [[Parnassus]]. Corelli and the Italian Muses welcome him in typical Italian Baroque style: instead of writing ''lentement'' to indicate the tempo, Couperin writes the Italian ''largo''; the movement is instructed to be played with "Notes égales, et marquées," or with equal and marked notes, instead of with the lightly-swung feeling typical of French Baroque music; even the clef of the treble instruments is changed to the standard clef favored in Italy.<ref></ref> Lully thanks Corelli in starkly contrasting French style. Apollo then argues that musical perfection can be created only by reconciling the French and Italian styles. He shows this in an overture that combines both styles: the first treble instrument uses the French clef, for example, while the second treble instrument uses the Italian clef. Parts of the overture are in Lully's French overture style, while other sections are characteristic of Corelli's trio sonata. Throughout the overture, the Muses, depicted by the treble instruments, are often playing in unison, indicating ambivalence of style.<ref></ref> Two airs follow, with Lully and Corelli alternating melody, accompaniment, and style. The Apotheosis of Lully ends with peace at Parnassus and a newly-coined, four-movement ''Sonade en trio''—Couperin, and his French muses, argue that the French spelling of "sonata" should mirror that of "ballade" and "serenade,"—showing that a ''réunion des goûts'' is not only possible but can be entirely successful.
Most movements have descriptive titles:
#Lully aux Champs-Élisés, concertant avec les Ombres liriques (Lully in the Elysian Fields performing with musicianly Shades)
#Air pour les Mêmes (Air for the same performers)
#Vol de Mercure aux Champs Élisés, pour avertir qu’Apollon y va descendre (Mercury's flight to the Elysian Fields to warn that Apollo is about to descend)
#Descente d’Apollon, qui vient offrir son violon à Lully, et sa place au Parnasse (The Descent of Apollo who comes to offer his violin to Lully and a place on Parnassus)
#Rumeur souteraine, causée par les Auteurs contemporains de Lully (Subterranean rumblings from Lully's contemporaries)
#Plaintes des Mêmes, pour des Flûtes, ou des Violons très adoucis (Laments from the same, played by flutes or very sweet-toned violins)
#Enlévement de Lully au Parnasse (The raising of Lully to Parnassus)
#Accüeil entre doux et agard, fait à Lully par Corelli, et par les Muses italiénes (Welcome, half friendly and half hostile, given to Lully by Corelli and the Italian Muses)
#Remerciment de Lully à Apollon (Lully's thanks to Apollo)
#Apollon persuade Lully, et Corelli, que la réunion des Goûts François et Italien[s] doit faire la perfection de la Musique. (Apollo persuades Lully and Corelli that the reunion of French and Italian styles must create musical perfection)
#Air léger, Lully joüant le sujet, et Corelli l’acompagnant (Air léger: Lully playing the subject, and Corelli accompanying)
#Second Air, Correli joüant le sujet à son tour, que Lulli acompagne (Second Air: Corelli playing the melody in turn, while Lully accompanies)
#La Paix du Parnasse, faite aux conditions, sur la Remontrance des Muses Françoises, que lorsqu’on y parleroit leur langue, on diroit dorénavant Sonade, Cantade, ainsi qu’on prononce Ballade, Sérénade, &c. (The Peace of Parnassus, which, following a protest from the French Muses, is made on the condition that when their language is spoken, one will henceforth say ''Sonade'' and ''Cantade'', as one says ''Ballade'' and ''Sérénade'', etc.)<ref></ref>
==Works Cited==
*[[Frederick Niecks|Niecks, Frederick]] (1907). ''[https://ift.tt/2HMMW0S Music in the Last Four Centuries: A Contribution to the History of Musical Expression]''. United Kingdom: Novello and Company Ltd.
*Sadler, Graham (2017). [https://ift.tt/2VbE9J5 L'Apothéose de Lully]. ''[[Hyperion Records]]''.
*[[David Tunley|Tunley, David]] (2016). ''François Couperin and 'The Perfection of Music'''. United Kingdom: Taylor & Francis.
==References==
<references />
==External Links==
*
[[Category:Compositions by François Couperin]]
[[Category:1725 compositions]]
[[Category:Trio sonatas]]
from Wikipedia - New pages [en] https://ift.tt/3q4PWal
via IFTTT
List of parks in the Gisborne District
Paewiki: adding coordinates
This is a list of parks, beaches, sports grounds, marine reserves and other protected areas in the [[Gisborne District]] of New Zealand's [[North Island]].<ref name="GDCparks"></ref><ref name="DOCparks"></ref>
{| class="wikitable sortable" width="100%"
|-
! Name !! Coordinates !! Location !! Territorial authority area !! Type
|-
|| [[Adventure Playground, Gisborne|Adventure Playground]] || || [[Awapuni]] || [[Gisborne District|Gisborne]] || [[Playground]], [[picnic area]], [[public toilets]]
|-
|| [[Alfred Cox Park]] || || [[Gisborne Central]] || [[Gisborne District|Gisborne]] || [[Local park]], [[dog walking area]]
|- style="background:Lightgrey;"
|| [[Anaura Bay Walkway]] || || [[Anaura Bay]] || [[Gisborne District|Gisborne]] || [[DOC reserve]], [[walking track]]
|-
|-
|| [[Anzac Park, Gisborne|Anzac Park]] || || [[Inner Kaiti]] || [[Gisborne District|Gisborne]] || [[Barbecue area]], [[boat ramp]], [[Association football|football]], [[picnic area]], [[playground]]
|-
|| [[Atkinson Street Park]] || || [[Mangapapa]] || [[Gisborne District|Gisborne]] || [[Local park]], [[dog walking area]]
|-
|| [[Awapuni Stadium]] || || [[Awapuni]] || [[Gisborne District|Gisborne]] || [[Sports ground]], [[dog walking area]]
|-
|| [[Ballance Street Reserve]] || || [[Whataupoko]] || [[Gisborne District|Gisborne]] || [[Local park]], [[dog walking area]]
|-
|| [[Barry Park, Gisborne|Barry Park]] || || [[Te Hapara]] || [[Gisborne District|Gisborne]] || [[Sports ground]]
|-
|| [[Blackpool Street Reserve]] || || [[Te Hapara]] || [[Gisborne District|Gisborne]] || [[Local park]], [[dog walking area]]
|-
|| [[Childers Road Reserve]] || || [[Gisborne Central]] || [[Gisborne District|Gisborne]] || [[Sports ground]]
|-
|| [[Eastwoodhill Arboretum]] || || [[Ngatapa]] || [[Gisborne District|Gisborne]] || [[Walkway]], [[cycleway]]
|-
|| [[Fox Street Reserve]] || || [[Whataupoko]] || [[Gisborne District|Gisborne]] || [[Local park]], [[dog walking area]]
|-
|| [[Gisborne Botanical Gardens]] || || [[Gisborne Central]] || [[Gisborne District|Gisborne]] || [[Picnic area]], [[aviary]], [[playground]], [[toilets]]
|-
|| [[Grant Road Reserve]] || || [[Whataupoko]] || [[Gisborne District|Gisborne]] || [[Local park]], [[dog walking area]]
|- style="background:Lightgrey;"
|| [[Gray's Bush Scenic Reserve]] || || [[Waihirere]] || [[Gisborne District|Gisborne]] || [[DOC reserve]], [[walking track]]
|-
|| [[Hall Street Reserve]] || || [[Whataupoko]] || [[Gisborne District|Gisborne]] || [[Local park]], [[dog walking area]]
|-
|| [[Harry Barker Reserve]] || || [[Te Hapara]] || [[Gisborne District|Gisborne]] || [[Cricket]], [[hockey]], [[public toilets]]
|-
|| [[Hatea-A-Rangi Memorial Park]] || || [[Tokomaru Bay]] || [[Gisborne District|Gisborne]] || [[Sports ground]]
|-
|| [[Heath Johnston Park]] || || [[Tamarau]] || [[Gisborne District|Gisborne]] || [[Sports ground]]
|-
|| [[Kaiti Beach]] || || [[Kaiti]] || [[Gisborne District|Gisborne]] || [[Beach]], [[local park]], [[dog walking area]]
|-
|| [[London Street Reserve]] || || [[Kaiti]] || [[Gisborne District|Gisborne]] || [[Local park]], [[dog walking area]]
|-
|| [[Makorori Headland]] || || [[Okitu]] || [[Gisborne District|Gisborne]] || [[Walkway]], [[cycleway]]
|-
|| [[Matawai Reserve]] || || [[Matawai]] || [[Gisborne District|Gisborne]] || [[Sports ground]]
|-
|| [[Midway Beach|Midway Beach / Kopututea Sand Dunes]] || || [[Awapuni]] || [[Gisborne District|Gisborne]] || [[Beach]], [[barbecue area]], [[horse riding]], [[jet skiing]], [[kite surfing]], [[dog walking area]]
|-
|| [[Nelson Park, Gisborne|Nelson Park]] || || [[Riverdale, New Zealand|Riverdale]] || [[Gisborne District|Gisborne]] || [[Sports ground]], [[local park]], [[dog walking area]]
|- style="background:Lightgrey;"
|| [[Okitu Bush Scenic Reserve]] || || [[Okitu]] || [[Gisborne District|Gisborne]] || [[DOC reserve]], [[walkway]]
|- style="background:Lightgrey;"
|| [[Otoko Walkway]] || || [[Otoko]] || [[Gisborne District|Gisborne]] || [[DOC reserve]], [[walkway]]
|-
|| [[Oval Reserve, Gisborne|Oval Reserve]] || || [[Awapuni]] || [[Gisborne District|Gisborne]] || [[Cricket]], [[rugby]], [[public toilets]]
|-
|| [[Patutahi Soccer Ground]] || || [[Patutahi]] || [[Gisborne District|Gisborne]] || [[Sports ground]]
|-
|| [[Rere Falls|Rere Falls / Rere Reserve]] || || [[Rere, New Zealand|Rere]] || [[Gisborne District|Gisborne]] || [[Walkway]], [[cycleway]], [[picnic area]], [[swimming]], [[trout fishing]], [[public toilets]]
|-
|| [[Reynolds Creek Reserve|Reynolds Creek Reserve / Sandown Park]] || || [[Elgin, New Zealand|Elgin]] || [[Gisborne District|Gisborne]] || [[Local park]], [[dog walking area]]
|-
|| [[Sheehan Street Reserve]] || || [[Whataupoko]] || [[Gisborne District|Gisborne]] || [[Local park]], [[dog walking area]]
|-
|| [[Stafford Street Reserve]] || || [[Whataupoko]] || [[Gisborne District|Gisborne]] || [[Local park]], [[dog walking area]]
|-
|| [[Te Arai Domain, Gisborne|Te Arai Domain]] || || [[Manutuke]] || [[Gisborne District|Gisborne]] || [[Sports ground]]
|-
|| [[Te Araroa Domain]] || || [[Te Araroa]] || [[Gisborne District|Gisborne]] || [[Sports ground]]
|-
|| [[Te Karaka Recreation Ground]] || || [[Te Karaka]] || [[Gisborne District|Gisborne]] || [[Sports ground]]
|- style="background:Lightgrey;"
|| [[Te Tapuwae o Rongokako Marine Reserve]] || || [[Anaura Bay]] || [[Gisborne District|Gisborne]] || [[DOC reserve]], [[marine reserve]]
|-
|| [[Titirangi Reserve|Titirangi Reserve / Titirangi Domain / Kaiti Hill]] || || [[Inner Kaiti]] || [[Gisborne District|Gisborne]] || [[Dog walking area]], [[fitness trail]], [[lookout]], [[picnic area]], [[playground]]
|-
|| [[Uawa Reserve]] || || [[Tolaga Bay]] || [[Gisborne District|Gisborne]] || [[Sports ground]]
|-
|| [[Waiherere Domain]] || || [[Waihirere]] || [[Gisborne District|Gisborne]] || [[Playground]], [[cycleway]], [[dog walking area]], [[jet skiing]], [[kite surfing]], [[picnic area]]
|-
|| [[Waikanae Beach]] || || [[Victoria, New Zealand|Victoria]] || [[Gisborne District|Gisborne]] || [[Walkway]]
|-
|| [[Wainui Reserve, Gisborne|Wainui Reserve]] || || [[Wainui Beach]] || [[Gisborne District|Gisborne]] || [[Sports ground]]
|-
|| [[Waikirikiri Reserve]] || || [[Outer Kaiti]] || [[Gisborne District|Gisborne]] || [[Sports ground]], [[dog walking area]], [[picnic area]], [[public toilets]]
|-
|| [[Lysnar Reserve|Wainui Beach / Lysnar Reserve]] || || [[Wainui Beach]] || [[Gisborne District|Gisborne]] || [[Boat fishing]], [[boat ramp]], [[dog walking area]], [[horse riding]], [[kite surfing]]
|-
|| [[Waiteata Park]] || || [[Whataupoko]] || [[Gisborne District|Gisborne]] || [[Picnic area]], [[playground]]
|-
|| [[Watson Park, Gisborne|Watson Park]] || || [[Awapuni]] || [[Gisborne District|Gisborne]] || [[Sports ground]]
|-
|| [[Whataupoko Reserve]] || || [[Whataupoko]] || [[Gisborne District|Gisborne]] || [[Dog walking]], [[mountain biking]], [[walkway]]
|}
==References==
[[Category:Lists of parks in New Zealand|Gisborne Region]]
[[Category:Populated places in the Gisborne District]]
{| class="wikitable sortable" width="100%"
|-
! Name !! Coordinates !! Location !! Territorial authority area !! Type
|-
|| [[Adventure Playground, Gisborne|Adventure Playground]] || || [[Awapuni]] || [[Gisborne District|Gisborne]] || [[Playground]], [[picnic area]], [[public toilets]]
|-
|| [[Alfred Cox Park]] || || [[Gisborne Central]] || [[Gisborne District|Gisborne]] || [[Local park]], [[dog walking area]]
|- style="background:Lightgrey;"
|| [[Anaura Bay Walkway]] || || [[Anaura Bay]] || [[Gisborne District|Gisborne]] || [[DOC reserve]], [[walking track]]
|-
|-
|| [[Anzac Park, Gisborne|Anzac Park]] || || [[Inner Kaiti]] || [[Gisborne District|Gisborne]] || [[Barbecue area]], [[boat ramp]], [[Association football|football]], [[picnic area]], [[playground]]
|-
|| [[Atkinson Street Park]] || || [[Mangapapa]] || [[Gisborne District|Gisborne]] || [[Local park]], [[dog walking area]]
|-
|| [[Awapuni Stadium]] || || [[Awapuni]] || [[Gisborne District|Gisborne]] || [[Sports ground]], [[dog walking area]]
|-
|| [[Ballance Street Reserve]] || || [[Whataupoko]] || [[Gisborne District|Gisborne]] || [[Local park]], [[dog walking area]]
|-
|| [[Barry Park, Gisborne|Barry Park]] || || [[Te Hapara]] || [[Gisborne District|Gisborne]] || [[Sports ground]]
|-
|| [[Blackpool Street Reserve]] || || [[Te Hapara]] || [[Gisborne District|Gisborne]] || [[Local park]], [[dog walking area]]
|-
|| [[Childers Road Reserve]] || || [[Gisborne Central]] || [[Gisborne District|Gisborne]] || [[Sports ground]]
|-
|| [[Eastwoodhill Arboretum]] || || [[Ngatapa]] || [[Gisborne District|Gisborne]] || [[Walkway]], [[cycleway]]
|-
|| [[Fox Street Reserve]] || || [[Whataupoko]] || [[Gisborne District|Gisborne]] || [[Local park]], [[dog walking area]]
|-
|| [[Gisborne Botanical Gardens]] || || [[Gisborne Central]] || [[Gisborne District|Gisborne]] || [[Picnic area]], [[aviary]], [[playground]], [[toilets]]
|-
|| [[Grant Road Reserve]] || || [[Whataupoko]] || [[Gisborne District|Gisborne]] || [[Local park]], [[dog walking area]]
|- style="background:Lightgrey;"
|| [[Gray's Bush Scenic Reserve]] || || [[Waihirere]] || [[Gisborne District|Gisborne]] || [[DOC reserve]], [[walking track]]
|-
|| [[Hall Street Reserve]] || || [[Whataupoko]] || [[Gisborne District|Gisborne]] || [[Local park]], [[dog walking area]]
|-
|| [[Harry Barker Reserve]] || || [[Te Hapara]] || [[Gisborne District|Gisborne]] || [[Cricket]], [[hockey]], [[public toilets]]
|-
|| [[Hatea-A-Rangi Memorial Park]] || || [[Tokomaru Bay]] || [[Gisborne District|Gisborne]] || [[Sports ground]]
|-
|| [[Heath Johnston Park]] || || [[Tamarau]] || [[Gisborne District|Gisborne]] || [[Sports ground]]
|-
|| [[Kaiti Beach]] || || [[Kaiti]] || [[Gisborne District|Gisborne]] || [[Beach]], [[local park]], [[dog walking area]]
|-
|| [[London Street Reserve]] || || [[Kaiti]] || [[Gisborne District|Gisborne]] || [[Local park]], [[dog walking area]]
|-
|| [[Makorori Headland]] || || [[Okitu]] || [[Gisborne District|Gisborne]] || [[Walkway]], [[cycleway]]
|-
|| [[Matawai Reserve]] || || [[Matawai]] || [[Gisborne District|Gisborne]] || [[Sports ground]]
|-
|| [[Midway Beach|Midway Beach / Kopututea Sand Dunes]] || || [[Awapuni]] || [[Gisborne District|Gisborne]] || [[Beach]], [[barbecue area]], [[horse riding]], [[jet skiing]], [[kite surfing]], [[dog walking area]]
|-
|| [[Nelson Park, Gisborne|Nelson Park]] || || [[Riverdale, New Zealand|Riverdale]] || [[Gisborne District|Gisborne]] || [[Sports ground]], [[local park]], [[dog walking area]]
|- style="background:Lightgrey;"
|| [[Okitu Bush Scenic Reserve]] || || [[Okitu]] || [[Gisborne District|Gisborne]] || [[DOC reserve]], [[walkway]]
|- style="background:Lightgrey;"
|| [[Otoko Walkway]] || || [[Otoko]] || [[Gisborne District|Gisborne]] || [[DOC reserve]], [[walkway]]
|-
|| [[Oval Reserve, Gisborne|Oval Reserve]] || || [[Awapuni]] || [[Gisborne District|Gisborne]] || [[Cricket]], [[rugby]], [[public toilets]]
|-
|| [[Patutahi Soccer Ground]] || || [[Patutahi]] || [[Gisborne District|Gisborne]] || [[Sports ground]]
|-
|| [[Rere Falls|Rere Falls / Rere Reserve]] || || [[Rere, New Zealand|Rere]] || [[Gisborne District|Gisborne]] || [[Walkway]], [[cycleway]], [[picnic area]], [[swimming]], [[trout fishing]], [[public toilets]]
|-
|| [[Reynolds Creek Reserve|Reynolds Creek Reserve / Sandown Park]] || || [[Elgin, New Zealand|Elgin]] || [[Gisborne District|Gisborne]] || [[Local park]], [[dog walking area]]
|-
|| [[Sheehan Street Reserve]] || || [[Whataupoko]] || [[Gisborne District|Gisborne]] || [[Local park]], [[dog walking area]]
|-
|| [[Stafford Street Reserve]] || || [[Whataupoko]] || [[Gisborne District|Gisborne]] || [[Local park]], [[dog walking area]]
|-
|| [[Te Arai Domain, Gisborne|Te Arai Domain]] || || [[Manutuke]] || [[Gisborne District|Gisborne]] || [[Sports ground]]
|-
|| [[Te Araroa Domain]] || || [[Te Araroa]] || [[Gisborne District|Gisborne]] || [[Sports ground]]
|-
|| [[Te Karaka Recreation Ground]] || || [[Te Karaka]] || [[Gisborne District|Gisborne]] || [[Sports ground]]
|- style="background:Lightgrey;"
|| [[Te Tapuwae o Rongokako Marine Reserve]] || || [[Anaura Bay]] || [[Gisborne District|Gisborne]] || [[DOC reserve]], [[marine reserve]]
|-
|| [[Titirangi Reserve|Titirangi Reserve / Titirangi Domain / Kaiti Hill]] || || [[Inner Kaiti]] || [[Gisborne District|Gisborne]] || [[Dog walking area]], [[fitness trail]], [[lookout]], [[picnic area]], [[playground]]
|-
|| [[Uawa Reserve]] || || [[Tolaga Bay]] || [[Gisborne District|Gisborne]] || [[Sports ground]]
|-
|| [[Waiherere Domain]] || || [[Waihirere]] || [[Gisborne District|Gisborne]] || [[Playground]], [[cycleway]], [[dog walking area]], [[jet skiing]], [[kite surfing]], [[picnic area]]
|-
|| [[Waikanae Beach]] || || [[Victoria, New Zealand|Victoria]] || [[Gisborne District|Gisborne]] || [[Walkway]]
|-
|| [[Wainui Reserve, Gisborne|Wainui Reserve]] || || [[Wainui Beach]] || [[Gisborne District|Gisborne]] || [[Sports ground]]
|-
|| [[Waikirikiri Reserve]] || || [[Outer Kaiti]] || [[Gisborne District|Gisborne]] || [[Sports ground]], [[dog walking area]], [[picnic area]], [[public toilets]]
|-
|| [[Lysnar Reserve|Wainui Beach / Lysnar Reserve]] || || [[Wainui Beach]] || [[Gisborne District|Gisborne]] || [[Boat fishing]], [[boat ramp]], [[dog walking area]], [[horse riding]], [[kite surfing]]
|-
|| [[Waiteata Park]] || || [[Whataupoko]] || [[Gisborne District|Gisborne]] || [[Picnic area]], [[playground]]
|-
|| [[Watson Park, Gisborne|Watson Park]] || || [[Awapuni]] || [[Gisborne District|Gisborne]] || [[Sports ground]]
|-
|| [[Whataupoko Reserve]] || || [[Whataupoko]] || [[Gisborne District|Gisborne]] || [[Dog walking]], [[mountain biking]], [[walkway]]
|}
==References==
[[Category:Lists of parks in New Zealand|Gisborne Region]]
[[Category:Populated places in the Gisborne District]]
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Aoi Eiga
New guy51:
</ref>|葵映画|Aoi Eiga|lit. Aoi Film}} was a Japanese film studio known for there small budget [[Pink film|Pink films]] from the [[List of Japanese films of the 1960s|1960s]] to [[List of Japanese films of the 1970s|1970s]].
== History ==
Japanese film director [[Giichi Nishihara]] founded and owned the company making several of his own pink films.<ref name="Sharp 52"></ref>
== Selected filmography ==
* ''Pleasure of Youth''
* ''Violence Without a Cause''
* ''[[Grotesque Perverted Slaughter]]''
* ''[[Jōji ni kakero]]''
* ''Nyotai chōkyōshi''
== References ==
== External links ==
* [https://ift.tt/3mmxMyC Aoi Eiga] on [[Letterboxd]]
== History ==
Japanese film director [[Giichi Nishihara]] founded and owned the company making several of his own pink films.<ref name="Sharp 52"></ref>
== Selected filmography ==
* ''Pleasure of Youth''
* ''Violence Without a Cause''
* ''[[Grotesque Perverted Slaughter]]''
* ''[[Jōji ni kakero]]''
* ''Nyotai chōkyōshi''
== References ==
== External links ==
* [https://ift.tt/3mmxMyC Aoi Eiga] on [[Letterboxd]]
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Saturday, November 28, 2020
⋴
Neel.arunabh: ←Created page with ' <!-- This long comment was added to the page to prevent it from being listed on Speci...'
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Mihály Endrey-Eipel
QatarStarsLeague: ←Created page with 'Liquid error: wrong number of arguments (given 1, expected 2) '''Mihály Endrey-Eipel''' (born 2 Nov 1905 in Budapest) was a Hungarian clergyman and bishop for the Roman Cath...'
Liquid error: wrong number of arguments (given 1, expected 2)
'''Mihály Endrey-Eipel''' (born 2 Nov 1905 in [[Budapest]]) was a [[Hungarian]] clergyman and [[bishop]] for the [[Roman Catholic Diocese of Vác]]. He became ordained in 1928. He was appointed bishop in 1950. He died in 1977.<ref>https://ift.tt/3nZa0Jc CH</ref>
[[Category:Hungarian Roman Catholic bishops]]
[[Category:1905 births]]
[[Category:1977 deaths]]
[[Category:People from Budapest]]
'''Mihály Endrey-Eipel''' (born 2 Nov 1905 in [[Budapest]]) was a [[Hungarian]] clergyman and [[bishop]] for the [[Roman Catholic Diocese of Vác]]. He became ordained in 1928. He was appointed bishop in 1950. He died in 1977.<ref>https://ift.tt/3nZa0Jc CH</ref>
[[Category:Hungarian Roman Catholic bishops]]
[[Category:1905 births]]
[[Category:1977 deaths]]
[[Category:People from Budapest]]
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Shalini Randeria
Tayi Arajakate: ce
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Shalini Randeria is an American-born<ref name=":0">Liquid error: wrong number of arguments (given 1, expected 2)</ref> Indian [[anthropologist]],<ref>Liquid error: wrong number of arguments (given 1, expected 2)</ref> tenured as a professor of anthropology and sociology at the [[Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies]] (IHEID) in [[Geneva]], [[Switzerland]] and appointed as the [[Rector (academia)|rector]] of the [[Institut für die Wissenschaften vom Menschen]] (IWM) in [[Vienna]], [[Austria]].<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1">Liquid error: wrong number of arguments (given 1, expected 2)</ref> She is also the director of the [[Albert Hirschman Centre on Democracy]], a research centre affiliated to the Graduate Institute.<ref name=":2">Liquid error: wrong number of arguments (given 1, expected 2)</ref>
Considered as an expert on democracies,<ref name=":2" /> she has held various positions at the [[University of Zurich]], the [[University of Munich]], the [[Central European University]] ([[Budapest]]), and retains the position of visiting professor at the [[WZB Berlin Social Science Center]]. She was formerly a member of the editorial board of the ''[[Annual Review of Anthropology]]''.<ref name=":1" />
Born in [[Washington, D.C.]], and brought up in [[Mumbai]] and [[New Delhi]],<ref name=":0" /> Randeria is an alumna of the [[University of Delhi]], the [[University of Oxford]] and [[Heidelberg University]],<ref name=":3">Liquid error: wrong number of arguments (given 1, expected 2)</ref> and earned her [[Doctorate of Philosophy]] (PhD) at the [[Free University of Berlin]].<ref name=":3" /><ref>Liquid error: wrong number of arguments (given 1, expected 2)</ref>
==References==
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:Indian anthropologists]]
[[Category:Indian academics]]
Shalini Randeria is an American-born<ref name=":0">Liquid error: wrong number of arguments (given 1, expected 2)</ref> Indian [[anthropologist]],<ref>Liquid error: wrong number of arguments (given 1, expected 2)</ref> tenured as a professor of anthropology and sociology at the [[Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies]] (IHEID) in [[Geneva]], [[Switzerland]] and appointed as the [[Rector (academia)|rector]] of the [[Institut für die Wissenschaften vom Menschen]] (IWM) in [[Vienna]], [[Austria]].<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1">Liquid error: wrong number of arguments (given 1, expected 2)</ref> She is also the director of the [[Albert Hirschman Centre on Democracy]], a research centre affiliated to the Graduate Institute.<ref name=":2">Liquid error: wrong number of arguments (given 1, expected 2)</ref>
Considered as an expert on democracies,<ref name=":2" /> she has held various positions at the [[University of Zurich]], the [[University of Munich]], the [[Central European University]] ([[Budapest]]), and retains the position of visiting professor at the [[WZB Berlin Social Science Center]]. She was formerly a member of the editorial board of the ''[[Annual Review of Anthropology]]''.<ref name=":1" />
Born in [[Washington, D.C.]], and brought up in [[Mumbai]] and [[New Delhi]],<ref name=":0" /> Randeria is an alumna of the [[University of Delhi]], the [[University of Oxford]] and [[Heidelberg University]],<ref name=":3">Liquid error: wrong number of arguments (given 1, expected 2)</ref> and earned her [[Doctorate of Philosophy]] (PhD) at the [[Free University of Berlin]].<ref name=":3" /><ref>Liquid error: wrong number of arguments (given 1, expected 2)</ref>
==References==
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:Indian anthropologists]]
[[Category:Indian academics]]
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List of deer
Drmies: zero edit to note that this came from the article Deer; please see that history for attribution
This is a list of deer.
===Extant subfamilies, genera and species===
The subfamily [[Capreolinae]] consists of 9 genera and 36 species, while [[Cervinae]] comprises 10 genera and 55 species.<ref name=MSW3></ref>Liquid error: wrong number of arguments (given 1, expected 2) [[Hydropotinae]] consists of a single species, the [[water deer]] (''H. inermis''); however, a 1998 study placed it under Capreolinae.<ref>Liquid error: wrong number of arguments (given 1, expected 2)</ref> The following list is based on molecular and phylogenetic studies by zoologists such as Groves and Grubb.<ref name=taxo1>Liquid error: wrong number of arguments (given 1, expected 2)</ref><ref name=taxo2>Liquid error: wrong number of arguments (given 1, expected 2)</ref><ref name=taxo3>Liquid error: wrong number of arguments (given 1, expected 2)</ref><ref name=taxo4>Liquid error: wrong number of arguments (given 1, expected 2)</ref><ref name=taxo5>Liquid error: wrong number of arguments (given 1, expected 2)</ref>
* '''Subfamily [[Capreolinae]]''' ([[Odocoileinae]] or New World deer)
** '''Tribe [[Alceini]]'''
*** [[File:Bigbullmoose.jpg | thumb | [[Moose]], the largest species of deer]] Genus ''Alces''
**** [[Moose|Moose or Eurasian elk]] (''A. alces'')
** '''Tribe [[Capreolini]]'''
*** Genus ''[[Capreolus]]''
**** [[Roe deer|Western roe deer]] (''C. capreolus'')
**** [[Eastern roe deer]] (''C. pygargus''; considered a subspecies of the western roe deer until the late 20th century)
** '''Tribe [[Rangiferini]] or [[Odocoileini]] (reindeer and New World deer)'''
*** Genus ''[[Blastocerus]]''
**** [[Marsh deer]] (''B. dichotomus'')
*** Genus ''[[Hippocamelus]]''
**** [[Taruca]] (''H. antisensis'')
**** [[South Andean deer|Huemul]] (''H. bisulcus'')
*** Genus ''[[Brocket deer|Mazama]]''
**** [[Gray brocket]] (''M. gouazoubira'')
***** [[Amazonian brown brocket]] (''M. nemorivaga''; sometimes considered to be a subspecies of the gray brocket)
***** [[Brazilian brocket]] (''M. superciliaris''; sometimes considered to be a subspecies of the gray brocket)
***** [[Colombian brocket]] (''M. sanctaemartae''; sometimes considered to be a subspecies of gray brocket)
***** [[Ecuador brocket]] (''M. murelia''; sometimes considered to be a subspecies of the gray brocket)
***** [[Isla San Jose brocket]] (''M. permira''; sometimes considered to be a subspecies of the gray brocket)
***** [[Northern Venezuelan brocket]] (''M. cita''; sometimes considered to be a subspecies of gray brocket)
***** [[Peruvian brocket]] (''M. tschudii''; sometimes considered to be a subspecies of the gray brocket)
***** [[Gray brocket|Rodon]] (''M. rondoni''; sometimes considered to be a subspecies of the gray brocket)
**** [[Little red brocket]] (''M. rufina'')
***** [[Pygmy brocket]] (''M. nana''; sometimes considered to be a subspecies of little red brocket)
**** [[Merida brocket]] (''M. bricenii'')
***** [[Dwarf brocket]] (''M. chunyi''; sometimes considered a subspecies of the Merida brocket)
**** [[Red brocket]] (''M. americana'')
***** [[Brazilian red brocket]] (''M. jucunda''; sometimes considered to be a subspecies of the red brocket)
***** [[Central American red brocket]] (''M. temama''; sometimes considered to be a subspecies of the red brocket)
***** [[Colombian red brocket]] (''M. zetta''; sometimes considered to be a subspecies of the red brocket)
***** [[Ecuador red brocket]] (''M. gualea''; sometimes considered to be a subspecies of the red brocket)
***** [[Peruvian red brocket]] (''M. zamora''; sometimes considered to be a subspecies of the red brocket)
***** [[Southern red brocket]] (''M. whitelyi''; sometimes considered to be a subspecies of the red brocket)
***** [[Trinidad red brocket]] (''M. trinitatis''; sometimes considered to be a subspecies of the red brocket)
**** [[Small red brocket]] or Bororo (''M. bororo'')
**** [[Yucatan brown brocket]] (''M. pandora''; formerly considered to be a subspecies of the gray brocket or the red brocket)
*** Genus ''[[Odocoileus]]''
**** [[Mule deer]] (''O. hemionus'')
**** [[White-tailed deer]] (''O. virginianus'')
*** Genus ''[[Ozotoceros]]''
**** [[Pampas deer]] (''O. bezoarticus'')
*** [[File:Pudu pudu AB.jpg | thumb | [[Pudú]], the smallest species of deer]] Genus ''Pudu''
**** [[Northern pudú]] (''P. mephistophiles'')
**** [[Southern pudú]] (''P. pudu'')
*** Genus ''Rangifer''
**** [[Reindeer|Reindeer or caribou]] (''R. tarandus'')
* [[File:Tufteddeer-2.jpg | thumb | upright | [[Tufted deer]], along with other muntjacs and the [[water deer]], are the only living cervids with tusks.]] '''Subfamily [[Cervinae]] (Old World deer)'''
** '''Tribe [[Cervini]] (true deer)'''
*** Genus ''[[Chital|Axis]]'' (formerly considered to be a subgenus of ''Cervus'')
**** [[Chital]] (''A. axis'')
***** [[Sri Lankan axis deer]] (''A. axis ceylonensis'')
*** Genus ''[[Cervus]]''
**** [[Red deer]] (''C. elaphus'')
***** [[Caspian red deer|Maral deer]] (''C. maral''; sometimes considered to be a subspecies of the west European red deer)
***** [[Corsican red deer]] (''C. corsicanus''; sometimes considered to be a subspecies of the west European red deer)
***** [[Yarkand deer]] (''C. yarkandensis''; sometimes considered to be a subspecies of the west European red deer)
***** [[Bactrian deer]] (''C. bactrianus''; sometimes considered to be a subspecies of the west European red deer)
**** [[Thorold's deer]] (''C. albirostris'')
**** [[Sika deer]] (''C. nippon'')
***** [[Vietnamese deer]] (''C. pseudaxis''; sometimes considered to be a subspecies of the sika deer)
***** [[Tsushima Island deer]] (''C. pulchellus''; sometimes considered to be a subspecies of the sika deer)
***** [[Formosan deer]] (''C. taiouanus''; sometimes considered to be a subspecies of the sika deer)
**** [[Kashmir wapiti]] (''C. hanglu''; sometimes considered to be a subspecies of the west European red deer or the American wapiti)
**** [[American wapiti]] (elk) (''C. canadensis'')
***** [[Manchurian wapiti]] (''C. xanthopygus''; sometimes considered to be a subspecies of the American wapiti)
***** [[Tibetan wapiti]] (''C. wallichi''; sometimes considered to be a subspecies of the American wapiti)
***** [[Sichuan wapiti]] (''C. macneilli''; sometimes considered to be a subspecies of the American wapiti)
***** [[Alashan wapiti]] (''C. alashanicus''; sometimes considered to be a subspecies of the American wapiti)
*** Genus ''[[Dama (deer)|Dama]]''
**** [[Fallow deer]] (''D. dama'')
**** [[Persian fallow deer]] (''D. mesopotamica'')
*** [[File:Elaphurus davidianus 001.jpg | thumb| [[Père David's deer]] is an extremely endangered species, and extinct in the wild.]] Genus ''[[Elaphurus]]''
**** [[Père David's deer]] (''E. davidianus'')
*** Genus ''[[Hyelaphus]]'' (formerly considered to be a subgenus of ''Axis'')
**** [[Bawean deer]] (''H. kuhlii'')
**** [[Calamian deer]] (''H. calamianensis'')
**** [[Hog deer]] (''H. porcinus'')
***** [[Indochinese hog deer]] (''H. annamiticus''; sometimes considered to be a subspecies of the hog deer)
*** Genus ''[[Eld's deer|Panolia]]''<ref name=genus></ref>
**** [[Manipur Eld's deer]] (''P. eldii'')
***** [[Eastern Eld's deer]] (''P. siamensis''; sometimes considered to be a subspecies of the Manipur Eld's deer)
***** [[Thamin]] (''P. thamin''; sometimes considered to be a subspecies of the Manipur Eld's deer)
*** Genus ''[[Rucervus]]''
**** [[Barasingha]] (''R. duvaucelii'')
***** [[Eastern swamp deer]] (''R. ranjitsinhi''; sometimes considered to be a subspecies of the barasingha)
***** [[Western swamp deer]] (''R. branderi''; sometimes considered to be a subspecies of the barasingha)
*** Genus ''[[Rusa (genus)|Rusa]]'' (sometimes considered synonymous to ''Cervus'')
**** [[Mindanao mountain deer]] (''R. nigellus''; sometimes considered to be a subspecies of the Philippine sambar)
**** [[Mindoro deer]] (''R. barandanus''; sometimes considered to be a subspecies of the Philippine sambar)
**** [[Philippine sambar]] (''R. mariannus'')
**** [[Prince Alfred's deer]] (''R. alfredi'')
**** [[Javan rusa]] (''R. timorensis'')
**** [[Sambar deer]] (''R. unicolor'')
***** [[Southeast Asian sambar]] (''R. equinus''; sometimes considered to be a subspecies of the sambar deer)
** '''Tribe [[Muntiacini]]'''
*** Genus ''[[Elaphodus]]''
**** [[Tufted deer]] (''E. cephalophus'')
*** Genus ''[[Muntiacus]]''
**** [[Annamite muntjac]] (''M. truongsonensis'')
**** [[Bornean yellow muntjac]] (''M. atherodes'')
**** [[Fea's muntjac]] (''M. feae'')
**** [[Giant muntjac]] (''M. vuquangensis'')
**** [[Gongshan muntjac]] (''M. gongshanensis'')
**** [[Hairy-fronted muntjac]] (''M. crinifrons'')
**** [[Javan muntjac]] (''M. muntjak'')
***** [[Black-legged muntjac]] (''M. nigripes''; sometimes considered to be a subspecies of the Javan muntjac)
***** [[Indian muntjac]] (''M. aureus''; sometimes considered to be a subspecies of the Javan muntjac)
***** [[Northern red muntjac]] (''M. vaginalis''; sometimes considered to be a subspecies of the Javan muntjac)
***** [[Sri Lankan muntjac]] (''M. malabaricus''; sometimes considered to be a subspecies of the Javan muntjac)
**** [[Leaf muntjac]] (''M. putaoensis'')
**** [[Pu Hoat muntjac]] (''M. puhoatensis'')
**** [[Reeves's muntjac]] (''M. reevesi'')
**** [[Roosevelt's muntjac]] (''M. rooseveltorum'')
**** [[Sumatran muntjac]] (''M. montanum'')
* '''Subfamily [[Hydropotinae]]'''
**'''Tribe [[Hydropotini]]'''
*** Genus ''[[Hydropotes]]''
**** [[Water deer]] (''H. inermis'')
===Extinct subfamilies, genera and species===
The following is the classification of the extinct cervids with known fossil record:
* '''Subfamily [[Procervulinae]]''' (Miocene)<ref></ref>
** Genus ''[[Procervulus]]''
***''[[Procervulus dichotoma|P. dichotoma]]''
* '''Subfamily [[Cervinae]]''' (Old World deer)
** Tribe [[Muntjac|Muntiacini]] (Muntjacs)
*** Genus ''[[Dicrocerus]]''
**** ''[[Dicrocerus elegans|D. elegans]]''
**** ''[[Dicrocerus furcatus|D. furcatus]]''
**** ''[[Dicrocerus necatus|D. necatus]]''
**** ''[[Dicrocerus teres|D. teres]]''
**** ''[[Dicrocerus trilateralis|D. trilateralis]]''
*** Genus ''[[Euprox]]''<ref>Liquid error: wrong number of arguments (given 1, expected 2)</ref>
**** ''[[Euprox robustus|E. robustus]]''
**** ''[[Euprox furcatus|E. furcatus]]''
*** Genus ''[[Eustyloceros]]''<ref>Liquid error: wrong number of arguments (given 1, expected 2)</ref>
**** ''[[Eustyloceros blainvillei|E. blainvillei]]''
**** ''[[Eustyloceros hezhengensis|E. hezhengensis]]''
**** ''[[Eustyloceros longchuanensis|E. longchuanensis]]''
**** ''[[Eustyloceros maci|E. maci]]''
**** ''[[Eustyloceros pidoplitschkoi|E. pidoplitschkoi]]''
**** ''[[Eustyloceros propria|E. propria]]''
*** Genus ''[[Muntjac|Muntiacus]]''
**** ''[[Muntiacus leilaoensis|M. leilaoensis]]''
**** ''[[Muntiacus pliocaenicus|M. pliocaenicus]]''
**** ''[[Muntiacus polonicus|M. polonicus]]''
*** Genus ''[[Paracervulus]]''<ref></ref>
*** Genus ''[[Stephanocemas]]''<ref>Liquid error: wrong number of arguments (given 1, expected 2)</ref>
**** ''[[Stephanocemas actauensis|S. actauensis]]''
**** ''[[Stephanocemas aralensis|S. aralensis]]''
**** ''[[Stephanocemas chinghaiensis|S. chinghaiensis]]''
**** ''[[Stephanocemas palmatus|S. palmatus]]''
**** ''[[Stephanocemas rucha|S. rucha]]''
**** ''[[Stephanocemas thomsoni|S. thomsoni]]''
** Tribe [[Cervini]] ("true" deer)
*** Genus ''[[Arvernoceros]]''<ref>Liquid error: wrong number of arguments (given 1, expected 2)</ref>
**** ''[[Arvernoceros giuli|A. giuli]]''
*** Genus ''[[Chital|Axis]]''
**** ''[[Axis nesti|A. nesti]]''
**** ''[[Axis eurygonos|A. eurygonos]]''
*** Genus ''[[Candiacervus]]'' (sometimes considered a subgenus as ''[[Megaloceros]]'' or synonym of ''[[Praemegaceros]]''; Possibly polyphyletic)
**** ''[[Candiacervus rethymnensis|C. rethymnensis]]''
**** ''[[Candiacervus major|C. major]]''
**** ''[[Candiacervus dorothensis|C. dorothensis]]''
**** ''[[Candiacervus ropalophorus|C. ropalophorus]]''
**** ''[[Cretan Dwarf Megacerine|C. cretensis]]''
*** Genus ''[[Cervavitus]]'' (?subgenus as ''[[Megaloceros]]'')
*** Genus ''[[Cervus]]''
**** ''[[Cervus ertborni|C. ertborni]]''
**** ''[[Cervus falconeri|C. falconeri]]''
**** ''[[Cervus giganteus|C. giganteus]]''
**** ''[[Cervus rhenanus|C. rhenanus]]''
**** ''[[Cervus lascrucensis|C. lascrucensis]]''
***Genus ''[[Croizetoceros]]''<ref>Liquid error: wrong number of arguments (given 1, expected 2)</ref>
**** ''[[Croizetoceros ramosus|C. ramosus]]''
*** Genus ''[[Dama (deer)|Dama]]''<ref>Liquid error: wrong number of arguments (given 1, expected 2)</ref>
**** ''[[Dama dolichopsis|D. dolichopsis]]''
**** ''[[Dama ensifer|D. ensifer]]''
**** ''[[Dama laevicornis|D. laevicornis]]''
**** ''[[Dama virginiana|D. virginiana]]''
**** ''[[Dama whitneyi|D. whitneyi]]''
*** Genus ''[[Elaphurus]]''
**** ''[[Elaphurus formosanus|E. formosanus]]''
**** ''[[Elaphurus meziesianus|E. meziesianus]]''
**** ''[[Elaphurus bifurcatus|E. bifurcatus]]''
**** ''[[Elaphurus shikamai|E. shikamai]]''
*** Genus ''[[Eucladoceros]]''
**** ''[[Eucladoceros tetraceros]]''
*** [[File:Irish Elk.jpg | thumb | [[Irish elk]], one of the [[largest cervids]] ever]] Genus ''[[Megaloceros]]''
**** ''[[Megaloceros antecedens|M. antecedens]]''
**** ''[[Irish elk|M. giganteus]]''
*** Genus ''[[Neomegaloceros]]''<ref name=Vislobokova2011>Liquid error: wrong number of arguments (given 1, expected 2)</ref>
*** Genus ''[[Nesoleipoceros]]''
*** Genus ''[[Megaloceros|Orchonoceros]]'' (sometimes considered a subgenus as ''Megaloceros'')
*** Genus ''[[Pliocervus]]''<ref></ref>
*** Genus ''[[Megaloceros|Praemegaceros]]'' (sometimes considered a subgenus as ''Megaloceros'')
**** ''[[Praemegaceros obscurus|P. obscurus]]''
**** ''[[Praemegaceros dawkinsi|P. dawkinsi]]''
**** ''[[Praemegaceros savini|P. savini]]''
**** ''[[Praemegaceros verticornis|P. verticornis]]''
**** ''[[Praemegaceros cazioti|P. cazioti]]''
*** Genus ''[[Megaloceros|Praesinomegaceros]]'' (sometimes considered a subgenus as ''Megaloceros'')
**** ''[[Praesinomegaceros venustus|P. venustus]]''
**** ''[[Praesinomegaceros asiaticus|P. asiaticus]]''
*** Genus ''[[Pseudodama]]''<ref>Liquid error: wrong number of arguments (given 1, expected 2)</ref>
*** Genus ''[[Rucervus]]''
**** [[Schomburgk's deer]] (''R. schomburgki'')
*** ''[[Sinomegaceros]]'' (sometimes considered a subgenus as ''Megaloceros'')
**** ''[[Sinomegaceros luochuanensis|S. luochuanensis]]''
**** ''[[Sinomegaceros pachyosteus|S. pachyosteus]]''
* '''Subfamily [[Capreolinae]]''' (New World or telemetecarpal deer)
** Tribe [[Capreolini]]
*** Genus ''[[Bretzia]]''<ref name=Morejohn2005>Liquid error: wrong number of arguments (given 1, expected 2)</ref>
**** ''[[Bretzia pseudalces|B. pseudalces]]''
**** ''[[Bretzia nebrascensis|B. nebrascensis]]''
*** Genus ''[[Capreolus]]''
**** ''[[Capreolus constantini|C. constantini]]''
**** ''[[Capreolus suessenbornensis|C. suessenbornensis]]''
*** [[File:ROM - Stag-moose.jpg | thumb | [[Stag-moose]] was the largest cervid ever to live.]] Genus ''Cervalces'' (?= ''Alces'')
****''[[Cervalces latifrons|C. latifrons]]''
****''[[Cervalces scotti|C. scotti]]''
*** Genus ''[[Libralces]]'' (?=''Cervalces'' or ''Alces'')
**** ''[[Libralces gallicus|L. gallicus]]''
**** ''[[Libralces reynoldsi|L. reynoldsi]]''
*** Genus ''[[Procapreolus]]''<ref name=Valli2008>Liquid error: wrong number of arguments (given 1, expected 2)</ref>
**** ''[[Procapreolus cusanus|P. cusanus]]''
**** ''[[Procapreolus moldavicus|P. moldavicus]]''
**** ''[[Procapreolus stenos|P. stenos]]''
**** ''[[Procapreolus ucrainicus|P. ucrainicus]]''
*** Genus ''[[Pseudalces]]''<ref name=Flerov1965>Liquid error: wrong number of arguments (given 1, expected 2)</ref>
**** ''[[Pseudalces mirandus|P. mirandus]]''
**** ''[[Pseudalces wenzensis|P. wenzensis]]''
** Tribe [[Rangiferini]]
*** Genus ''[[Agalmaceros]]''
**** ''[[Agalmaceros blicki|A. blicki]]''
*** Genus ''[[Antifer]]''
**** ''[[Antifer ultra|A. ultra]]''
**** ''[[Antifer crassus|A. crassus]]''
*** Genus ''[[Blastocerus]]''
**** ''[[Blastocerus extraneus|B. extraneus]]''
**** ''[[Blastocerus arpeitianus|B. arpeitianus]]''
*** Genus ''[[Charitoceros]]''<ref name=Valli2018>Liquid error: wrong number of arguments (given 1, expected 2)</ref>
*** Genus ''[[Eocoileus]]''<ref name=Webb2008>Liquid error: wrong number of arguments (given 1, expected 2)</ref>
**** ''[[Eocoileus gentryorum|E. gentryorum]]''
*** Genus ''[[Epieuryceros]]''<ref name=Alcaraz2004>Liquid error: wrong number of arguments (given 1, expected 2)</ref>
**** ''[[Epieuryceros proximus|E. proximus]]''
**** ''[[Epieuryceros truncus|E. truncus]]''
*** Genus ''[[Morenelaphus]]''
**** ''[[Morenelaphus lujanensis|M. lujanensis]]''
**** ''[[Morenelaphus brachyceros|M. brachyceros]]''
**** ''[[Morenelaphus fragilis|M. fragilis]]''
*** Genus ''[[Odocoileus]]''
**** ''[[Odocoileus brachyodontus|O. brachyodontus]]''
**** ''[[Odocoileus dolichopsis|O. dolichopsis]]''
**** ''[[Odocoileus laevicornis|O. laevicornis]]''
**** ''[[Odocoileus sellardsiae|O. sellardsiae]]''
**** ''[[American mountain deer|O. lucasi]]''
*** Genus ''[[Torontoceros]]''
**** ''[[Torontoceros hypocaeus|T. hypocaeus]]''
==References==
===Extant subfamilies, genera and species===
The subfamily [[Capreolinae]] consists of 9 genera and 36 species, while [[Cervinae]] comprises 10 genera and 55 species.<ref name=MSW3></ref>Liquid error: wrong number of arguments (given 1, expected 2) [[Hydropotinae]] consists of a single species, the [[water deer]] (''H. inermis''); however, a 1998 study placed it under Capreolinae.<ref>Liquid error: wrong number of arguments (given 1, expected 2)</ref> The following list is based on molecular and phylogenetic studies by zoologists such as Groves and Grubb.<ref name=taxo1>Liquid error: wrong number of arguments (given 1, expected 2)</ref><ref name=taxo2>Liquid error: wrong number of arguments (given 1, expected 2)</ref><ref name=taxo3>Liquid error: wrong number of arguments (given 1, expected 2)</ref><ref name=taxo4>Liquid error: wrong number of arguments (given 1, expected 2)</ref><ref name=taxo5>Liquid error: wrong number of arguments (given 1, expected 2)</ref>
* '''Subfamily [[Capreolinae]]''' ([[Odocoileinae]] or New World deer)
** '''Tribe [[Alceini]]'''
*** [[File:Bigbullmoose.jpg | thumb | [[Moose]], the largest species of deer]] Genus ''Alces''
**** [[Moose|Moose or Eurasian elk]] (''A. alces'')
** '''Tribe [[Capreolini]]'''
*** Genus ''[[Capreolus]]''
**** [[Roe deer|Western roe deer]] (''C. capreolus'')
**** [[Eastern roe deer]] (''C. pygargus''; considered a subspecies of the western roe deer until the late 20th century)
** '''Tribe [[Rangiferini]] or [[Odocoileini]] (reindeer and New World deer)'''
*** Genus ''[[Blastocerus]]''
**** [[Marsh deer]] (''B. dichotomus'')
*** Genus ''[[Hippocamelus]]''
**** [[Taruca]] (''H. antisensis'')
**** [[South Andean deer|Huemul]] (''H. bisulcus'')
*** Genus ''[[Brocket deer|Mazama]]''
**** [[Gray brocket]] (''M. gouazoubira'')
***** [[Amazonian brown brocket]] (''M. nemorivaga''; sometimes considered to be a subspecies of the gray brocket)
***** [[Brazilian brocket]] (''M. superciliaris''; sometimes considered to be a subspecies of the gray brocket)
***** [[Colombian brocket]] (''M. sanctaemartae''; sometimes considered to be a subspecies of gray brocket)
***** [[Ecuador brocket]] (''M. murelia''; sometimes considered to be a subspecies of the gray brocket)
***** [[Isla San Jose brocket]] (''M. permira''; sometimes considered to be a subspecies of the gray brocket)
***** [[Northern Venezuelan brocket]] (''M. cita''; sometimes considered to be a subspecies of gray brocket)
***** [[Peruvian brocket]] (''M. tschudii''; sometimes considered to be a subspecies of the gray brocket)
***** [[Gray brocket|Rodon]] (''M. rondoni''; sometimes considered to be a subspecies of the gray brocket)
**** [[Little red brocket]] (''M. rufina'')
***** [[Pygmy brocket]] (''M. nana''; sometimes considered to be a subspecies of little red brocket)
**** [[Merida brocket]] (''M. bricenii'')
***** [[Dwarf brocket]] (''M. chunyi''; sometimes considered a subspecies of the Merida brocket)
**** [[Red brocket]] (''M. americana'')
***** [[Brazilian red brocket]] (''M. jucunda''; sometimes considered to be a subspecies of the red brocket)
***** [[Central American red brocket]] (''M. temama''; sometimes considered to be a subspecies of the red brocket)
***** [[Colombian red brocket]] (''M. zetta''; sometimes considered to be a subspecies of the red brocket)
***** [[Ecuador red brocket]] (''M. gualea''; sometimes considered to be a subspecies of the red brocket)
***** [[Peruvian red brocket]] (''M. zamora''; sometimes considered to be a subspecies of the red brocket)
***** [[Southern red brocket]] (''M. whitelyi''; sometimes considered to be a subspecies of the red brocket)
***** [[Trinidad red brocket]] (''M. trinitatis''; sometimes considered to be a subspecies of the red brocket)
**** [[Small red brocket]] or Bororo (''M. bororo'')
**** [[Yucatan brown brocket]] (''M. pandora''; formerly considered to be a subspecies of the gray brocket or the red brocket)
*** Genus ''[[Odocoileus]]''
**** [[Mule deer]] (''O. hemionus'')
**** [[White-tailed deer]] (''O. virginianus'')
*** Genus ''[[Ozotoceros]]''
**** [[Pampas deer]] (''O. bezoarticus'')
*** [[File:Pudu pudu AB.jpg | thumb | [[Pudú]], the smallest species of deer]] Genus ''Pudu''
**** [[Northern pudú]] (''P. mephistophiles'')
**** [[Southern pudú]] (''P. pudu'')
*** Genus ''Rangifer''
**** [[Reindeer|Reindeer or caribou]] (''R. tarandus'')
* [[File:Tufteddeer-2.jpg | thumb | upright | [[Tufted deer]], along with other muntjacs and the [[water deer]], are the only living cervids with tusks.]] '''Subfamily [[Cervinae]] (Old World deer)'''
** '''Tribe [[Cervini]] (true deer)'''
*** Genus ''[[Chital|Axis]]'' (formerly considered to be a subgenus of ''Cervus'')
**** [[Chital]] (''A. axis'')
***** [[Sri Lankan axis deer]] (''A. axis ceylonensis'')
*** Genus ''[[Cervus]]''
**** [[Red deer]] (''C. elaphus'')
***** [[Caspian red deer|Maral deer]] (''C. maral''; sometimes considered to be a subspecies of the west European red deer)
***** [[Corsican red deer]] (''C. corsicanus''; sometimes considered to be a subspecies of the west European red deer)
***** [[Yarkand deer]] (''C. yarkandensis''; sometimes considered to be a subspecies of the west European red deer)
***** [[Bactrian deer]] (''C. bactrianus''; sometimes considered to be a subspecies of the west European red deer)
**** [[Thorold's deer]] (''C. albirostris'')
**** [[Sika deer]] (''C. nippon'')
***** [[Vietnamese deer]] (''C. pseudaxis''; sometimes considered to be a subspecies of the sika deer)
***** [[Tsushima Island deer]] (''C. pulchellus''; sometimes considered to be a subspecies of the sika deer)
***** [[Formosan deer]] (''C. taiouanus''; sometimes considered to be a subspecies of the sika deer)
**** [[Kashmir wapiti]] (''C. hanglu''; sometimes considered to be a subspecies of the west European red deer or the American wapiti)
**** [[American wapiti]] (elk) (''C. canadensis'')
***** [[Manchurian wapiti]] (''C. xanthopygus''; sometimes considered to be a subspecies of the American wapiti)
***** [[Tibetan wapiti]] (''C. wallichi''; sometimes considered to be a subspecies of the American wapiti)
***** [[Sichuan wapiti]] (''C. macneilli''; sometimes considered to be a subspecies of the American wapiti)
***** [[Alashan wapiti]] (''C. alashanicus''; sometimes considered to be a subspecies of the American wapiti)
*** Genus ''[[Dama (deer)|Dama]]''
**** [[Fallow deer]] (''D. dama'')
**** [[Persian fallow deer]] (''D. mesopotamica'')
*** [[File:Elaphurus davidianus 001.jpg | thumb| [[Père David's deer]] is an extremely endangered species, and extinct in the wild.]] Genus ''[[Elaphurus]]''
**** [[Père David's deer]] (''E. davidianus'')
*** Genus ''[[Hyelaphus]]'' (formerly considered to be a subgenus of ''Axis'')
**** [[Bawean deer]] (''H. kuhlii'')
**** [[Calamian deer]] (''H. calamianensis'')
**** [[Hog deer]] (''H. porcinus'')
***** [[Indochinese hog deer]] (''H. annamiticus''; sometimes considered to be a subspecies of the hog deer)
*** Genus ''[[Eld's deer|Panolia]]''<ref name=genus></ref>
**** [[Manipur Eld's deer]] (''P. eldii'')
***** [[Eastern Eld's deer]] (''P. siamensis''; sometimes considered to be a subspecies of the Manipur Eld's deer)
***** [[Thamin]] (''P. thamin''; sometimes considered to be a subspecies of the Manipur Eld's deer)
*** Genus ''[[Rucervus]]''
**** [[Barasingha]] (''R. duvaucelii'')
***** [[Eastern swamp deer]] (''R. ranjitsinhi''; sometimes considered to be a subspecies of the barasingha)
***** [[Western swamp deer]] (''R. branderi''; sometimes considered to be a subspecies of the barasingha)
*** Genus ''[[Rusa (genus)|Rusa]]'' (sometimes considered synonymous to ''Cervus'')
**** [[Mindanao mountain deer]] (''R. nigellus''; sometimes considered to be a subspecies of the Philippine sambar)
**** [[Mindoro deer]] (''R. barandanus''; sometimes considered to be a subspecies of the Philippine sambar)
**** [[Philippine sambar]] (''R. mariannus'')
**** [[Prince Alfred's deer]] (''R. alfredi'')
**** [[Javan rusa]] (''R. timorensis'')
**** [[Sambar deer]] (''R. unicolor'')
***** [[Southeast Asian sambar]] (''R. equinus''; sometimes considered to be a subspecies of the sambar deer)
** '''Tribe [[Muntiacini]]'''
*** Genus ''[[Elaphodus]]''
**** [[Tufted deer]] (''E. cephalophus'')
*** Genus ''[[Muntiacus]]''
**** [[Annamite muntjac]] (''M. truongsonensis'')
**** [[Bornean yellow muntjac]] (''M. atherodes'')
**** [[Fea's muntjac]] (''M. feae'')
**** [[Giant muntjac]] (''M. vuquangensis'')
**** [[Gongshan muntjac]] (''M. gongshanensis'')
**** [[Hairy-fronted muntjac]] (''M. crinifrons'')
**** [[Javan muntjac]] (''M. muntjak'')
***** [[Black-legged muntjac]] (''M. nigripes''; sometimes considered to be a subspecies of the Javan muntjac)
***** [[Indian muntjac]] (''M. aureus''; sometimes considered to be a subspecies of the Javan muntjac)
***** [[Northern red muntjac]] (''M. vaginalis''; sometimes considered to be a subspecies of the Javan muntjac)
***** [[Sri Lankan muntjac]] (''M. malabaricus''; sometimes considered to be a subspecies of the Javan muntjac)
**** [[Leaf muntjac]] (''M. putaoensis'')
**** [[Pu Hoat muntjac]] (''M. puhoatensis'')
**** [[Reeves's muntjac]] (''M. reevesi'')
**** [[Roosevelt's muntjac]] (''M. rooseveltorum'')
**** [[Sumatran muntjac]] (''M. montanum'')
* '''Subfamily [[Hydropotinae]]'''
**'''Tribe [[Hydropotini]]'''
*** Genus ''[[Hydropotes]]''
**** [[Water deer]] (''H. inermis'')
===Extinct subfamilies, genera and species===
The following is the classification of the extinct cervids with known fossil record:
* '''Subfamily [[Procervulinae]]''' (Miocene)<ref></ref>
** Genus ''[[Procervulus]]''
***''[[Procervulus dichotoma|P. dichotoma]]''
* '''Subfamily [[Cervinae]]''' (Old World deer)
** Tribe [[Muntjac|Muntiacini]] (Muntjacs)
*** Genus ''[[Dicrocerus]]''
**** ''[[Dicrocerus elegans|D. elegans]]''
**** ''[[Dicrocerus furcatus|D. furcatus]]''
**** ''[[Dicrocerus necatus|D. necatus]]''
**** ''[[Dicrocerus teres|D. teres]]''
**** ''[[Dicrocerus trilateralis|D. trilateralis]]''
*** Genus ''[[Euprox]]''<ref>Liquid error: wrong number of arguments (given 1, expected 2)</ref>
**** ''[[Euprox robustus|E. robustus]]''
**** ''[[Euprox furcatus|E. furcatus]]''
*** Genus ''[[Eustyloceros]]''<ref>Liquid error: wrong number of arguments (given 1, expected 2)</ref>
**** ''[[Eustyloceros blainvillei|E. blainvillei]]''
**** ''[[Eustyloceros hezhengensis|E. hezhengensis]]''
**** ''[[Eustyloceros longchuanensis|E. longchuanensis]]''
**** ''[[Eustyloceros maci|E. maci]]''
**** ''[[Eustyloceros pidoplitschkoi|E. pidoplitschkoi]]''
**** ''[[Eustyloceros propria|E. propria]]''
*** Genus ''[[Muntjac|Muntiacus]]''
**** ''[[Muntiacus leilaoensis|M. leilaoensis]]''
**** ''[[Muntiacus pliocaenicus|M. pliocaenicus]]''
**** ''[[Muntiacus polonicus|M. polonicus]]''
*** Genus ''[[Paracervulus]]''<ref></ref>
*** Genus ''[[Stephanocemas]]''<ref>Liquid error: wrong number of arguments (given 1, expected 2)</ref>
**** ''[[Stephanocemas actauensis|S. actauensis]]''
**** ''[[Stephanocemas aralensis|S. aralensis]]''
**** ''[[Stephanocemas chinghaiensis|S. chinghaiensis]]''
**** ''[[Stephanocemas palmatus|S. palmatus]]''
**** ''[[Stephanocemas rucha|S. rucha]]''
**** ''[[Stephanocemas thomsoni|S. thomsoni]]''
** Tribe [[Cervini]] ("true" deer)
*** Genus ''[[Arvernoceros]]''<ref>Liquid error: wrong number of arguments (given 1, expected 2)</ref>
**** ''[[Arvernoceros giuli|A. giuli]]''
*** Genus ''[[Chital|Axis]]''
**** ''[[Axis nesti|A. nesti]]''
**** ''[[Axis eurygonos|A. eurygonos]]''
*** Genus ''[[Candiacervus]]'' (sometimes considered a subgenus as ''[[Megaloceros]]'' or synonym of ''[[Praemegaceros]]''; Possibly polyphyletic)
**** ''[[Candiacervus rethymnensis|C. rethymnensis]]''
**** ''[[Candiacervus major|C. major]]''
**** ''[[Candiacervus dorothensis|C. dorothensis]]''
**** ''[[Candiacervus ropalophorus|C. ropalophorus]]''
**** ''[[Cretan Dwarf Megacerine|C. cretensis]]''
*** Genus ''[[Cervavitus]]'' (?subgenus as ''[[Megaloceros]]'')
*** Genus ''[[Cervus]]''
**** ''[[Cervus ertborni|C. ertborni]]''
**** ''[[Cervus falconeri|C. falconeri]]''
**** ''[[Cervus giganteus|C. giganteus]]''
**** ''[[Cervus rhenanus|C. rhenanus]]''
**** ''[[Cervus lascrucensis|C. lascrucensis]]''
***Genus ''[[Croizetoceros]]''<ref>Liquid error: wrong number of arguments (given 1, expected 2)</ref>
**** ''[[Croizetoceros ramosus|C. ramosus]]''
*** Genus ''[[Dama (deer)|Dama]]''<ref>Liquid error: wrong number of arguments (given 1, expected 2)</ref>
**** ''[[Dama dolichopsis|D. dolichopsis]]''
**** ''[[Dama ensifer|D. ensifer]]''
**** ''[[Dama laevicornis|D. laevicornis]]''
**** ''[[Dama virginiana|D. virginiana]]''
**** ''[[Dama whitneyi|D. whitneyi]]''
*** Genus ''[[Elaphurus]]''
**** ''[[Elaphurus formosanus|E. formosanus]]''
**** ''[[Elaphurus meziesianus|E. meziesianus]]''
**** ''[[Elaphurus bifurcatus|E. bifurcatus]]''
**** ''[[Elaphurus shikamai|E. shikamai]]''
*** Genus ''[[Eucladoceros]]''
**** ''[[Eucladoceros tetraceros]]''
*** [[File:Irish Elk.jpg | thumb | [[Irish elk]], one of the [[largest cervids]] ever]] Genus ''[[Megaloceros]]''
**** ''[[Megaloceros antecedens|M. antecedens]]''
**** ''[[Irish elk|M. giganteus]]''
*** Genus ''[[Neomegaloceros]]''<ref name=Vislobokova2011>Liquid error: wrong number of arguments (given 1, expected 2)</ref>
*** Genus ''[[Nesoleipoceros]]''
*** Genus ''[[Megaloceros|Orchonoceros]]'' (sometimes considered a subgenus as ''Megaloceros'')
*** Genus ''[[Pliocervus]]''<ref></ref>
*** Genus ''[[Megaloceros|Praemegaceros]]'' (sometimes considered a subgenus as ''Megaloceros'')
**** ''[[Praemegaceros obscurus|P. obscurus]]''
**** ''[[Praemegaceros dawkinsi|P. dawkinsi]]''
**** ''[[Praemegaceros savini|P. savini]]''
**** ''[[Praemegaceros verticornis|P. verticornis]]''
**** ''[[Praemegaceros cazioti|P. cazioti]]''
*** Genus ''[[Megaloceros|Praesinomegaceros]]'' (sometimes considered a subgenus as ''Megaloceros'')
**** ''[[Praesinomegaceros venustus|P. venustus]]''
**** ''[[Praesinomegaceros asiaticus|P. asiaticus]]''
*** Genus ''[[Pseudodama]]''<ref>Liquid error: wrong number of arguments (given 1, expected 2)</ref>
*** Genus ''[[Rucervus]]''
**** [[Schomburgk's deer]] (''R. schomburgki'')
*** ''[[Sinomegaceros]]'' (sometimes considered a subgenus as ''Megaloceros'')
**** ''[[Sinomegaceros luochuanensis|S. luochuanensis]]''
**** ''[[Sinomegaceros pachyosteus|S. pachyosteus]]''
* '''Subfamily [[Capreolinae]]''' (New World or telemetecarpal deer)
** Tribe [[Capreolini]]
*** Genus ''[[Bretzia]]''<ref name=Morejohn2005>Liquid error: wrong number of arguments (given 1, expected 2)</ref>
**** ''[[Bretzia pseudalces|B. pseudalces]]''
**** ''[[Bretzia nebrascensis|B. nebrascensis]]''
*** Genus ''[[Capreolus]]''
**** ''[[Capreolus constantini|C. constantini]]''
**** ''[[Capreolus suessenbornensis|C. suessenbornensis]]''
*** [[File:ROM - Stag-moose.jpg | thumb | [[Stag-moose]] was the largest cervid ever to live.]] Genus ''Cervalces'' (?= ''Alces'')
****''[[Cervalces latifrons|C. latifrons]]''
****''[[Cervalces scotti|C. scotti]]''
*** Genus ''[[Libralces]]'' (?=''Cervalces'' or ''Alces'')
**** ''[[Libralces gallicus|L. gallicus]]''
**** ''[[Libralces reynoldsi|L. reynoldsi]]''
*** Genus ''[[Procapreolus]]''<ref name=Valli2008>Liquid error: wrong number of arguments (given 1, expected 2)</ref>
**** ''[[Procapreolus cusanus|P. cusanus]]''
**** ''[[Procapreolus moldavicus|P. moldavicus]]''
**** ''[[Procapreolus stenos|P. stenos]]''
**** ''[[Procapreolus ucrainicus|P. ucrainicus]]''
*** Genus ''[[Pseudalces]]''<ref name=Flerov1965>Liquid error: wrong number of arguments (given 1, expected 2)</ref>
**** ''[[Pseudalces mirandus|P. mirandus]]''
**** ''[[Pseudalces wenzensis|P. wenzensis]]''
** Tribe [[Rangiferini]]
*** Genus ''[[Agalmaceros]]''
**** ''[[Agalmaceros blicki|A. blicki]]''
*** Genus ''[[Antifer]]''
**** ''[[Antifer ultra|A. ultra]]''
**** ''[[Antifer crassus|A. crassus]]''
*** Genus ''[[Blastocerus]]''
**** ''[[Blastocerus extraneus|B. extraneus]]''
**** ''[[Blastocerus arpeitianus|B. arpeitianus]]''
*** Genus ''[[Charitoceros]]''<ref name=Valli2018>Liquid error: wrong number of arguments (given 1, expected 2)</ref>
*** Genus ''[[Eocoileus]]''<ref name=Webb2008>Liquid error: wrong number of arguments (given 1, expected 2)</ref>
**** ''[[Eocoileus gentryorum|E. gentryorum]]''
*** Genus ''[[Epieuryceros]]''<ref name=Alcaraz2004>Liquid error: wrong number of arguments (given 1, expected 2)</ref>
**** ''[[Epieuryceros proximus|E. proximus]]''
**** ''[[Epieuryceros truncus|E. truncus]]''
*** Genus ''[[Morenelaphus]]''
**** ''[[Morenelaphus lujanensis|M. lujanensis]]''
**** ''[[Morenelaphus brachyceros|M. brachyceros]]''
**** ''[[Morenelaphus fragilis|M. fragilis]]''
*** Genus ''[[Odocoileus]]''
**** ''[[Odocoileus brachyodontus|O. brachyodontus]]''
**** ''[[Odocoileus dolichopsis|O. dolichopsis]]''
**** ''[[Odocoileus laevicornis|O. laevicornis]]''
**** ''[[Odocoileus sellardsiae|O. sellardsiae]]''
**** ''[[American mountain deer|O. lucasi]]''
*** Genus ''[[Torontoceros]]''
**** ''[[Torontoceros hypocaeus|T. hypocaeus]]''
==References==
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